| 2. |
- Dyrssen, Catharina, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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The urbanised rural
- 2016
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Ingår i: Beyond-ism: The landscape of Landscape Urbanism.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanisation is still understood largely as a one-directed process of people and industry moving to larger cities, causing de-popularisation of rural areas. City growth is an obvious tendency and has rendered “the urban” a normative political role in planning and governance. Uneven geographic development escalates in Sweden like in several other countries and increase needs to improve adequate local-regional planning practice for development and transformation. Cities and the urban have become idealised as models for living, production and consumption and tend to detach rural and sparsely populated areas as something essentially different. However, this is a severe simplification. Many contemporary changes of rural areas may originate in cities, and could be regarded as extended colonisations of the rural by cities, but mainly marks a shift since early industrialism concerning regionalisation. From start it was a process that dissolved city-countryside dichotomies, and both current and earlier planning practice in Sweden has involved “urban” and “rural” areas of extensive variation and diverse forms. Simplified understandings of the term urbanisation still neglect regional interdependencies, exchanges and connections but with ecology and global economy it is obvious that the processes of urbanisation have twoway directions, connecting and affecting both cities and rural landscapes. Hence, implying that we must regard regions as integrated planning contexts in a wide range of environments, we ask: What does this mean for planning?
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| 3. |
- Dyrssen, Catharina, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Ecologies and Key Projects: Interconnected Approaches to Unlock Fragile Local-Regional landscapes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Beyond-ism: The landscape of Landscape Urbanism.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concentrating and extending urbanisation processes include changes in networks, decision-making and growth premises, and may reflect and generate uneven conditions for stability and change. Vulnerable situations can appear both in areas of economic growth and in so-called declining environments, and are defined here as fragile urban landscapes: local-regional spatial situations that suffer from inability for adaptation and transformation, with substantial consequences for the development of potentials and synergy effects in sustaining social, political and economic processes in societal change. This research project has developed through extensive collaboration with local-regional planning practice in the Skaraborg region in Sweden. Urban planning needs concepts to describe and rethink current socio-spatial processes of urbanisation, and tools that support re-negotiation of the urban landscape in its full spectrum and from a multitude of centralities to implement relevant and resource-efficient change. With an architectural, design-driven planning approach this paper argues that Urban Ecologies can be made operative as complex productive configurations to clarify urban processes, identify assemblages of relevant contingencies and meaning for specific situations, reveal local-regional potentials and identify interventions that combine or re-combine available local-regional resources. The process of articulating Urban Ecologies is propelled by, and interacts with, specific strategic interventions to enhance combined resources and tackle uneven geographies – here named Key Urban Projects. These projects operate as complementary planning tools that: 1) identify and develop strategic interventions and mappings; 2) constitute bridges between planning and implementation at different scales; 3) establish platforms for critical negotiation that assemble available public and private resources, skills and relevant stakeholders This knowledge-production needs a design thinking that builds and rebuilds assemblages but also contains a productive and relational perspective on the material and physical landscape.. Through theoretical frameworks and empirical cases, the paper discusses how fragile urban landscapes can be addressed and developed. Particular interest is set on roles, functions and responsibilities of local and regional actors, stressing structural, political, discursive and situation-specific initiatives that can trigger change in material, topologic and relational qualities on both local and regional scales, in order to enhance resilience and adaptation
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