| 1. |
- Egan, Sarah J., et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of the perceptions and acceptability of guidance using artificial intelligence in internet cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism in young people
- 2024
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - 2214-7829. ; 35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process associated with a range of psychological disorders. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Perfectionism (CBT-P) has been demonstrated as efficacious across guided and unguided internet delivered interventions in reducing perfectionism and psychopathology. The aim of this pilot study was to understand perceptions and acceptability of an artificial intelligence supplemented CBT-P intervention (AI-CBT-P) in young people with lived experience of anxiety and depression (n = 8; age range 19–29 years, M = 24 years, SD = 3.77; 50 % female, 38 % male, 12 % non-binary). Young people reported that they were frequent users of artificial intelligence for study, work and general information, were positive about the intervention and using artificial intelligence for guidance in a self-help intervention, but also noted several concerns. Young people perceived numerous benefits to AI-CBT-P, including ease of access, low cost, lack of stigma and benefits for individuals with social anxiety. Overall, young people appear to be interested in, and have a positive view of, AI-CBT-P. Further research is now required to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention.
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| 2. |
- Grieve, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism on different measures of perfectionism : a randomised controlled trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 51:2, s. 130-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study investigated the impact of an 8-module internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism (ICBT-P) across a variety of perfectionism subscales. Undergraduate students who identified as having a problem with perfectionism were randomized to receive the intervention (n = 41), and were free to choose the number of treatment modules they completed over a 4-week period, while the control group (N = 48) received access to treatment 8 weeks post-randomisation. Secondary measures included depression, anxiety, stress, body image and self-compassion. Assessments occurred at baseline, 2-, 4- and 8-week time points. A mean of 3.12 (SD = 2.67) modules were completed; 7 participants (17%) completed none and 6 (15%) completed all. Linear mixed modelling (with baseline observation included as a covariate) showed significant Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc between-group differences for 5 of the 6 perfectionism measures, favouring the intervention group; the most robust between group effect sizes were for the Concern over Mistakes (d = -0.82), High Standards (d = -0.69), and Perfectionistic Standards (d = -0.47) subscales. There were no between-group differences for our secondary measures. ICBT-P was found to be an effective intervention for reducing different components of perfectionism compared to a control group. The relatively low use of modules may have contributed to a lack of effect on secondary measures.Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) Trial Number: ACTRN12620000562976
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| 3. |
- Johnson, Shevaugn, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism : Targeting dysmorphic concern
- 2019
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Ingår i: Body image. - : Elsevier BV. - 1740-1445 .- 1873-6807. ; 30, s. 44-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perfectionism is an important transdiagnostic risk factor for several psychopathologies. As such, treatments targeting perfectionism have gained increased attention over recent years. While perfectionism is postulated to be an important underlying mechanism for dysmorphic concern, no research has explored the benefits of targeting perfectionism to reduce dysmorphic concern. The current study evaluated the use of Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism (ICBT-P) with 31 participants (28 women) with high levels of dysmorphic concern to examine the impact on perfectionism, dysmorphic concern, body image disturbance, negative affect, and selective attention towards appearance-based stimuli. Using a case series design, observations were collected at baseline, at the end of a 4-week pre-treatment phase, after the 8-week ICBT-P, and 1-month post-treatment. Intent-to-treat analyses showed significant improvement from baseline to end-of-treatment and follow-up on most of the variables, with a large effect size decrease in dysmorphic concern, and decreased selective attention to BDD-body, BDD-positive, and BDD-negative words. The results of this study support the use of ICBT-P as an efficacious treatment worthy of further examination in populations who experience high levels of dysmorphic concern.
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| 4. |
- Rozental, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Guided web-based cognitive behavior therapy for perfectionism : Results from two different randomized controlled trials
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 20:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Perfectionism can become a debilitating condition that may negatively affect functioning in multiple areas, including mental health. Prior research has indicated that internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy can be beneficial, but few studies have included follow-up data.Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the outcomes at follow-up of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with guided self-help, delivered as 2 separate randomized controlled trials conducted in Sweden and the United Kingdom.Methods: In total, 120 participants randomly assigned to internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy were included in both intention-to-treat and completer analyses: 78 in the Swedish trial and 62 in the UK trial. The primary outcome measure was the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Concern over Mistakes subscale (FMPS CM). Secondary outcome measures varied between the trials and consisted of the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ; both trials), the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; Swedish trial), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7; Swedish trial), and the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21; UK trial). Follow-up occurred after 6 months for the UK trial and after 12 months for the Swedish trial.Results: Analysis of covariance revealed a significant difference between pretreatment and follow-up in both studies. Intention-to-treat within-group Cohen d effect sizes were 1.21 (Swedish trial; 95% CI 0.86-1.54) and 1.24 (UK trial; 95% CI 0.85-1.62) for the FMPS CM. Furthermore, 29 (59%; Swedish trial) and 15 (43%; UK trial) of the participants met the criteria for recovery on the FMPS CM. Improvements were also significant for the CPQ, with effect sizes of 1.32 (Swedish trial; 95% CI 0.97-1.66) and 1.49 (UK trial; 95% CI 1.09-1.88); the PHQ-9, effect size 0.60 (95% CI 0.28-0.92); the GAD-7, effect size 0.67 (95% CI 0.34-0.99); and the DASS-21, effect size 0.50 (95% CI 0.13-0.85).Conclusions: The results are promising for the use of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy as a way of targeting perfectionism, but the findings need to be replicated and include a comparison condition.
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| 5. |
- Shafran, Roz, et al.
(författare)
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A guide for self-help guides : best practice implementation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 53:5, s. 561-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Guided self-help is an evidence-based intervention used globally. Self-help is a fundamental part of the stepped care model of mental health services that enables the efficient use of limited resources. Despite its importance, there is little information defining the role of the guide and the key competences required. In this context, the guide is defined as the person who facilitates and supports the use self-help materials. This article sets out the role of the guide in guided self-help. It considers practical issues such as the importance of engagement to motivate clients for early change, personalising the intervention, structuring sessions, how best to use routine outcome monitoring and supervision requirements. Key competences are proposed, including generic competences to build the relationship as well as specific competences such as being able to clearly convey the role of the guide to clients. Guides should be prepared for “self-help drift”, a concept akin to therapist drift in more traditional therapies. Knowing how to identify mental health problems, use supervision and manage risk and comorbidity are all key requirements for guides. The paper concludes by calling for increased recognition and value of the role of the guide within mental health services.
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| 6. |
- Shafran, Roz, et al.
(författare)
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Is the devil in the detail? : A randomised controlled trial of guided internet-based CBT for perfectionism
- 2017
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Ingår i: Behaviour Research and Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-7967 .- 1873-622X. ; 95, s. 99-106, s. 127-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An internet guided self-help cognitive-behavioural treatment (ICBT) for perfectionism was recently found to be effective (see this issue). Such studies stand in need of replication. The aim of this study was to report the outcomes and predictors of change when the treatment is delivered in a UK setting. A total of 120 people (Mean = 28.9 years; 79% female) were randomised to receive ICBT or wait-list control over 12 weeks (trial registration: NCT02756871). While there were strong similarities between the current study and its Swedish counterpart, there were also important differences in procedural details. There was a significant impact of the intervention on the primary outcome measure (Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Concern over Mistakes subscale) and also on the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (between group effect sizes d = 0.98 (95% CI: 0.60–1.36) and d = 1.04 (95% CI: 0.66–1.43) respectively using intent-to-treat analyses). Unlike the Swedish study, there was significant non-engagement and non-completion of modules with 71% of participants completing fewer than half the modules. The number of modules completed moderated the rate of change in clinical perfectionism over time. In conclusion, the study indicates the intervention is effective in a UK setting but highlighted the importance of procedural details to optimise retention.
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| 7. |
- Wade, Tracey D., et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism : More is better but no need to be prescriptive
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Psychologist. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1328-4207 .- 1742-9552. ; 23:3, s. 196-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The current study explored whether higher- (up to 8 modules) versus lower-dose (3 or less modules) unguided internet Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for perfectionism (ICBT-P) was more effective, and the best method to promote higher dosage.Methods: Two sequential randomised ICBT-P studies were conducted with participants who self-identified as having difficulties with perfectionism; in the first participants (N = 51) received 3-module ICBT-P or wait-list, and in the second participants (N = 55) received fixed (asked to complete all 8 modules two per week over 4-weeks) or flexible format (after completing the first psychoeducational module, participants decided how many/in what order they completed the modules). We examined impact on our primary variables, perfectionistic concerns and standards, and secondary outcomes of negative affect, body image flexibility, and self-efficacy.Results: More modules were completed in the higher- (M modules = 4.36, SD = 3.29) versus lower-dose (M = 1.96, SD = 1.23) ICBT-P, d = 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.39, 1.34). The latter impacted perfectionism but not secondary outcomes; the former impacted all outcomes (except for self-efficacy), and within-group effect size improvements were double in the high- compared to low-dose ICBT-P. There was no difference between the fixed and flexible formats in terms of the number of modules completed or impact.Conclusions: We can offer a patient-centred approach to ICBT-P that is effective, while suggesting completion of more modules can result in larger, more pervasive improvements.ANZCTR Trial Number: ACTRN12619000147189.
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