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- Bergström, Anna, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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The use of the PARIHS framework in implementation research and practice-a citation analysis of the literature
- 2020
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Ingår i: Implementation science : IS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) nature and type, context (C) quality, and the facilitation (F), [SI = f (E,C,F)]. Despite a growing number of citations of theoretical frameworks including PARIHS, details of how theoretical frameworks are used remains largely unknown. This review aimed to enhance the understanding of the breadth and depth of the use of the PARIHS framework. METHODS: This citation analysis commenced from four core articles representing the key stages of the framework's development. The citation search was performed in Web of Science and Scopus. After exclusion, we undertook an initial assessment aimed to identify articles using PARIHS and not only referencing any of the core articles. To assess this, all articles were read in full. Further data extraction included capturing information about where (country/countries and setting/s) PARIHS had been used, as well as categorizing how the framework was applied. Also, strengths and weaknesses, as well as efforts to validate the framework, were explored in detail. RESULTS: The citation search yielded 1613 articles. After applying exclusion criteria, 1475 articles were read in full, and the initial assessment yielded a total of 367 articles reported to have used the PARIHS framework. These articles were included for data extraction. The framework had been used in a variety of settings and in both high-, middle-, and low-income countries. With regard to types of use, 32% used PARIHS in planning and delivering an intervention, 50% in data analysis, 55% in the evaluation of study findings, and/or 37% in any other way. Further analysis showed that its actual application was frequently partial and generally not well elaborated. CONCLUSIONS: In line with previous citation analysis of the use of theoretical frameworks in implementation science, we also found a rather superficial description of the use of PARIHS. Thus, we propose the development and adoption of reporting guidelines on how framework(s) are used in implementation studies, with the expectation that this will enhance the maturity of implementation science.
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- Fossum, Mariann, 1970-
(författare)
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Computerized decision support system in nursing homes
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to study the thinking strategies and clinical reasoning processes of registered nurses (RNs) and to implement and test a computerized decision support system (CDSS) integrated into the electronic health care record (EHR) to improve patient outcomes, i.e. to prevent pressure ulcers (PUs) and malnutrition among residents in nursing homes. A think-aloud (TA) study with a purposeful sample of RNs (n=30) was conducted to explore their thinking strategies and clinical reasoning (Paper I). A quasi-experimental study with a convenience sample of residents (at baseline, n=491 and at follow-up, n=480) from nursing homes (n=15) allocated into two intervention groups and one control group was carried out in 2007 and 2009 (Paper II). In Paper III residents’ records were reviewed with three instruments. Nursing personnel (n=25) from four nursing homes that had used the CDSS for eight months were interviewed and the CDSS was tested by nursing personnel (n=5) in two usability evaluations (Paper IV).The results showed that the RNs used a variety of thinking strategies and a lack of systematic risk assessment was identified (Paper I). The proportion of malnourished residents decreased significantly in one of the intervention groups after implementing the CDSS, however there were no differences between the groups (Paper II). The CDSS resulted in more complete and comprehensive documentation of PUs and malnutrition (Paper III). The nursing personnel considered ease of use, usefulness and a supportive work environment as the main facilitators of CDSS use in nursing homes. Barriers were lack of training, resistance to using computers and limited integration of the CDSS within the EHR system (Paper IV). In conclusion, the findings support integrating CDSSs into the EHR in nursing homes to support the nursing personnel.
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- Göras, Camilla, 1969-
(författare)
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Open the door to complexity : Safety climate and work processes in the operating room
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A complex adaptive system such as the operating room (OR), consists of different safety cultures, sub-cultures and ways of working. When measuring, a strong safety climate has been associated with lower rates of surgical complications. Teamwork is an important factor of safety climate. Discrepancies among professionals’ perceptions of teamwork climate exists. Hence it seems crucial to explore if diversity exists in the perception of factors related to safety climate and between managers and front-line staff in the OR. Complex work processes including multitasking and interruptions are other challenges with potential effect on patient safety. However, multitasking and interruptions may have positive impact on patient safety, but are not well understood in clinical work. Despite challenges a lot of things go well in the OR. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate an instrument for assessing safety climate, to describe and compare perceptions of safety climate, and to explore the complexity of work processes in the OR.To evaluate the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire-operating room (SAQ-OR) version and elicit estimations of the surgical team a cross-sectional study design was used. How work was done was studied by observations using the Work Observation Method by Activity Timing and by group interviews with OR professionals.The results show that the SAQ-OR is a relatively acceptable instrument to assess perceptions of safety climate within Swedish ORs. OR professionals´ perceptions of safety climate showed variations and some weak areas which cohered fairly well with managers' estimations. Work in the OR was found to be complex and consisting of multiple tasks where communication was most frequent. Multitasking and interruptions, mostly followed by communication, were common. This reflects interactions and adaptations common for a complex adaptive system. Managing complexity and creating safe care in the OR was described as a process of planning and preparing for the expected and preparedness to be able to adapt to the unexpected.
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- Koistinen, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health and oral care in short-term care : prevalence, related factors, and coherence between older peoples and professionals assessments
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 33:3, s. 712-722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oral health is important for well-being and overall health. Older peoples oral health is well described in the residential care context, but remains understudied in short-term care.Objective: The aim of this study was to describe oral health, daily oral care and related factors among older people in short-term care and to compare self-perceived oral health with professional assessment.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 391 older people in 36 short-term units in 19 Swedish municipalities. Oral health was assessed professionally by clinical oral assessment and the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG). The older peoples’ perceptions of their own oral health were measured with a global question on self-perceived oral health. Self-care ability was assessed with Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living (Katz-ADL).Results: Mean age was 82.9 years, 19% of participants were totally edentulous, and 43% had ≥20 teeth. Almost 60% had coating or food debris on their teeth, but only 19% received help with daily oral care. Those who were dependent on help with self-care had around a sixfold higher risk of having oral problems. There was a low level of agreement between the clinical assessment based on ROAG and self-perceived oral health.Conclusion: Professionals’ assessments of oral health differed considerably from the older peoples own assessments. A higher risk of oral problems and more occurrence of coating or food debris or broken teeth were seen among those dependent on help with self-care (ADL). This study indicates that in order to improve older peoples oral health and oral care we need to provide person-centred oral care and to develop a close collaboration between nursing and dental staff.
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- Koistinen, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors among older people in short-term care.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 18, s. 163-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: It is well known that oral health status is associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the general population. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze OHRQoL among older people in short-term care and its associated factors.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 391 older people in 36 short-term care units. Data were collected via clinical oral assessments, questions about self-perceived oral and general health, Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living (Katz-ADL) and the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG). OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Multivariate logistic regression models were applied in the analysis.RESULTS: Poor OHRQoL was reported by 34% of the older people. Associated factors were swallowing problems according to ROAG; quite poor/poor self-perceived physical, psychological, and oral health; and being a woman.CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between OHRQoL and older people's self-perceived health according to the OHIP-14. This indicates the importance of early detection of oral health problems in frail older people and to assess both oral health and swallowing problems among older people in short-term care.
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