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- Randmaa, Maria, 1957-
(författare)
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Communication and Patient Safety : Transfer of information between healthcare personnel in anaesthetic clinics
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Communication errors are frequent during the perioperative period and cause clinical incidents and adverse events. The overall aim of the thesis was to study communication – the transfer of information, especially the postoperative handover – between healthcare personnel in an anaesthetic clinic and the effects of using the communication tool SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) from a patient safety perspective.The thesis is based on studies using a correlational (Paper I), quasi-experimental (Paper II and III) and descriptive (Paper IV) design. Data were collected using digitally recorded and structured observations of handovers, anaesthetic records, questionnaires, incident reports and focus group interviews.The results from baseline data showed that lack of structure and long duration of the verbal postoperative handover decreased how much the receiver of postoperative handover remembered; the item most likely not to be remembered by the receiver was anaesthetic drugs. The variation in remembered information showed that there were room for improvement (Paper I). Implementing the communication tool SBAR increased memorized information among receivers following postoperative handover. Interruptions were frequent during postoperative handover, which negatively affected memorized information (Paper III). Furthermore, after implementation of SBAR, the personnel’s perception of communication between professionals and the safety climate improved, and the proportion of incident reports related to communication errors decreased in the intervention group (Paper II). The results of the focus group interviews revealed that the nurse anaesthetists, anaesthesiologists and post-anaesthesia care unit nurses had somewhat different focuses and views of the postoperative handover, but all professional groups were uncertain about having all information needed to secure the quality of postoperative care (Paper IV).The findings indicate that using a predictable structure during postoperative handover may improve the information memorized by the receiver, perception of communication between professionals and perception of safety climate. Incidents related to communication errors may also decrease. Long duration of the handover and interruptions may negatively affect the information memorized by receiver. To ensure high quality and safe care, there is a need to achieve a shared understanding across professionals of their work in its entirety.
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| 2. |
- Sundström, Gunnel, 1940-
(författare)
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Hyaluronan in normal and malignant bone marrow : a clinical and morphological study with emphasis on myelofibrosis
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fibrosis in the bone marrow is usually denominated myelofibrosis and may contribute to impaired hematopoiesis. Myelofibrosis is seen both in malignant and non-malignant diseases. The normal microenvironment in the bone marrow consists of a heterogenous population of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stromal cells, their extracellular products and hematopoietic cytokines. The stromal cells produce a complex array of molecules, among others collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) of which hyaluronan (HYA) is the most abundant. Marrow fibrosis results from an increased deposition of collagens, which are polypeptides. Staining for reticulin, mostly composed of collagen type III, is the common way of visualizing myelofibrosis. HYA, like the collagens, is widely distributed in connective tissues. Little is known about the distribution of HYA in bone marrow. The aims of this thesis have been to determine how HYA is distributed in normal and malignant bone marrow, compared to reticulin staining, and to follow patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases (CMPD) during two years treatment with anagrelide considering development of cellularity and fibrosis. In bone marrow biopsies from healthy volunteers, the controls, HYA was found in a pattern that was concordant with the reticulin staining. Comparing patients with different malignant diseases with and without bone marrow involvemen, HYA staining was found to be significantly stronger in both groups compared to the controls. The HYA scores were also significantly higher in the bone marrow of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), compared to the controls. There was a correlation between HYA and reticulin in the patients with de novo AML, and in the patients with different malignant diseases with and without bone marrow involvement as in the controls. Increase of HYA, reticulin and cellularity in the bone marrow of patients with CMPD after two years of treatment with anagrelide indicated progression of fibrosis. Anagrelide is a valuable drug for reduction of platelets but seems unable to stop progression of fibrosis and hypercellularity. HYA is an interesting molecule with properties not only contributing to the structure of extracellular matrix but also to cell signaling and behaviour, although the understanding of the detailed mechanisms is still incomplete.
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