| 1. |
- Persson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Interleukin 1-beta gene polymorphisms and risk of gastric cancer in Sweden.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 44:3, s. 339-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection stimulates the production of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, a pro-inflammatory cytokine and suppressor of gastric acid secretion. As both inflammation and hypochlorhydria, which might facilitate proximal colonization of H. pylori and other bacterial species alike, have been implicated in gastric carcinogenesis, much attention has been directed to functional genetic polymorphisms that affect the production of IL-1 beta. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of these polymorphisms.
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| 2. |
- Akre [Fall], Katja, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk for gastric cancer after antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip replacement
- 2000
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - Birmingham, USA : American Asoociation for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 60, s. 6376-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite strong evidence of an association between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer, the benefit of eradicating H. pylori infection is unknown. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that exposure to high doses of antibiotics reduces risk for gastric cancer via possible eradication of H. pylori We conducted a nationwide case-control study nested in a cohort of 39,154 patients who underwent hip replacement surgery between 1965 and 1983. Such patients frequently receive prophylactic antibiotic treatment. During follow-up through 1989, we identified 189 incident cases of gastric cancer. For each case, three controls were selected from the cohort. Exposure data were abstracted from hospital records. Blood samples from a separate cohort undergoing hip replacement surgery were analyzed for anti-H. pylori IgG before and after surgery. Both long-term antibiotic treatment before surgery [odds ratio (OR), 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-0.7] and prophylactic antibiotic treatment (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5-1.1) conferred a reduction in gastric cancer risk. The reduction appeared stronger after 5 years (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-1.2) than during shorter follow-up after hip replacement (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4-1.7). There was an apparent decrease in risk with increasing body weight-adjusted doses of antibiotics (P = 0.13). However, the rate of H. pylori antibody disappearance was not strikingly higher in the cohort of patients undergoing hip replacement than in a control cohort. Our findings provide indirect support for the hypothesis that treatment with antibiotics at a relatively advanced age reduces the risk of gastric cancer.
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| 3. |
- Huang, Jiaqi, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic corpus atrophic gastritis and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort : A nested case-control study
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 140:8, s. 1727-1735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk remains controversial. We conducted a nested case-control study with 448 pancreatic cancer cases and their individually matched control subjects, based on the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, to determine whether there was an altered pancreatic cancer risk associated with H. pylori infection and chronic corpus atrophic gastritis. Conditional logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for matching factors and other potential confounders. Our results showed that pancreatic cancer risk was neither associated with H. pylori seropositivity (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.31) nor CagA seropositivity (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.77, 1.48). We also did not find any excess risk among individuals seropositive for H. pylori but seronegative for CagA, compared with the group seronegative for both antibodies (OR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.38). However, we found that chronic corpus atrophic gastritis was non-significantly associated with an increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.77, 2.37), and although based on small numbers, the excess risk was particularly marked among individuals seronegative for both H. pylori and CagA (OR = 5.66; 95% CI: 1.59, 20.19, p value for interaction < 0.01). Our findings provided evidence supporting the null association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk in western European populations. However, the suggested association between chronic corpus atrophic gastritis and pancreatic cancer risk warrants independent verification in future studies, and, if confirmed, further studies on the underlying mechanisms.
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| 4. |
- Jakobsson, Hedvig, et al.
(författare)
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Macrolide resistance in the normal microbiota after Helicobacter pylori treatment
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - Oslo, Norway : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 39:9, s. 757-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large-scale chemoprevention of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer through eradication of Helicobacter pylori would expose large population groups to antibiotics, which raises concerns about possible dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The objective of this cohort study was to determine whether a triple therapy, containing omeprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole, of H. pylori infection increases the prevalence of macrolide resistance in the normal microbiota. 85 patients with a peptic ulcer disease with verified H. pylori infection and 12 dyspeptic patients without positive findings upon endoscopy were included. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of clarithromycin for Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Bacteroides spp. were determined from samples taken before and after treatment, and 1 y later. Before treatment, macrolide resistance was observed in 11%, 31%, 9% and 11% of the staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci and Bacteroides, respectively. The number of resistant isolates remained elevated after 1 y, most notably for staphylococci and streptococci. No development of persistent resistance was detected in the untreated control group. Triple therapy including clarithromycin leads to persistent macrolide resistance in the normal microbiota. A prevalent pool of resistance genes in the normal microbiota constitutes an ecological hazard that needs to be considered before global treatment programmes for eradication of H. pylori are implemented.
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| 5. |
- Song, Huan, et al.
(författare)
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Increase in the Prevalence of Atrophic Gastritis Among Adults Age 35 to 44 Years Old in Northern Sweden Between 1990 and 2009
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1542-3565 .- 1542-7714. ; 13:9, s. 1592-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Atrophic corpus gastritis (ACG) is believed to be an early precursor of gastric adenocarcinoma. We aimed to investigate trends of ACG in Northern Sweden, from 1990 through 2009, and to identify possible risk factors. METHODS: We randomly selected serum samples collected from 5284 participants in 1990, 1994, 1999, 2004, and 2009, as part of the population-based, cross-sectional Northern Sweden Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease study (ages, 35-64 y). Information was collected on sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and medical factors using questionnaires. Serum samples were analyzed for levels of pepsinogen I to identify participants with functional ACG; data from participants with ACG were compared with those from frequency-matched individuals without ACG (controls). Blood samples were analyzed for antibodies against Helicobacter pylori and Cag pathogenicity island protein A. Associations were estimated with unconditional logistic regression models. RESULTS: Overall, 305 subjects tested positive for functional ACG, based on their level of pepsinogen I. The prevalence of ACG in participants age 55 to 64 years old decreased from 124 per 1000 to 49 per 1000 individuals between 1990 and 2009. However, the prevalence of ACG increased from 22 per 1000 to 64 per 1000 individuals among participants age 35 to 44 years old during this time period. Cag pathogenicity island protein A seropositivity was associated with risk for ACG (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.69-3.12). Other risk factors included diabetes, low level of education, and high body mass index. The association between body mass index and ACG was confined to individuals age 35 to 44 years old; in this group, overweight and obesity were associated with a 2.8-fold and a 4.7-fold increased risk of ACG, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Among residents of Northern Sweden, the prevalence of ACG increased from 1990 through 2009, specifically among adults age 35 to 44 years old. The stabilizing seroprevalence of H pylori and the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity might contribute to this unexpected trend. Studies are needed to determine whether these changes have affected the incidence of gastric cancer.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Zheng, Zongli, et al.
(författare)
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A Method for Metagenomics of Helicobacter pylori from Archived Formalin-Fixed Gastric Biopsies Permitting Longitudinal Studies of Carcinogenic Risk
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:10, s. e26442-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human microbiota has come into focus in the search for component causes of chronic diseases, such as gastrointestinal cancers. Presumably long induction periods and altered local environments after disease onset call for the development of methods for characterization of microorganisms colonizing the host decades before disease onset. Sequencing of microbial genomes in old formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) gastrointestinal biopsies provides a means for such studies but is still challenging. Here we report a method based on laser capture micro-dissection and modified Roche 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing to obtain metagenomic profiles of Helicobacter pylori. We applied this method to two 15 year old FFPE biopsies from two patients. Frozen homogenized biopsies from the same gastroscopy sessions were also available for comparison after re-culture of H. pylori. For both patients, H. pylori DNA dissected from FFPE sections had similar to 96.4% identity with culture DNA from the same patients, while only similar to 92.5% identity with GenBank reference genomes, and with culture DNA from the other patient. About 82% and 60% of the predicted genes in the two genomes were captured by at least a single sequencing read. Along with sequences displaying high similarity to known H. pylori genes, novel and highly variant H. pylori sequences were identified in the FFPE sections by our physical enrichment approach, which would likely not have been detected by a sequence capture approach. The study demonstrates the feasibility of longitudinal metagenomic studies of H. pylori using decade-preserved FFPE biopsies.
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