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| 2. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Obesity is associated with coronary artery stenosis independently of metabolic risk factors : the population-based SCAPIS study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 362, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Previous studies reported divergent results on whether metabolically healthy obesity is associated with increased coronary artery calcium and carotid plaques. We investigated this in a cross-sectional fashion in a large, well-defined, middle-aged population using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and carotid ultrasound. Methods: In the SCAPIS study (50–65 years, 51% female), CCTA and carotid artery ultrasound were performed in 23,674 individuals without clinical atherosclerotic disease. These subjects were divided into six groups according to BMI (normal weight, overweight, obese) and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to the NCEP consensus criteria. Results: The severity of coronary artery stenosis was increased in individuals with obesity without MetS compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.34–1.62; p < 0.0001), even after adjusting for non-HDL-cholesterol and several lifestyle factors. Such difference was not observed for the presence of carotid artery plaques (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.87–1.02; p = 0.11). Obese or overweight individuals without any MetS criteria (except the waist criterion) showed significantly more pronounced stenosis in the coronary arteries as compared to the normal-weight individuals, while one criterion was needed to show increased plaque prevalence in the carotid arteries. High blood pressure was the most important single criterion for increased atherosclerosis in this respect. Conclusions: Individuals with obesity without MetS showed increased severity of coronary artery stenosis, but no increased occurrence of carotid artery plaques compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS, further emphasizing that obesity is not a benign condition even in the absence of MetS.
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| 3. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Fair sharing and division – mathematical reasoning regarding integers and fractions in preschool and preschool class
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Cerme 13. - : Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Budapest, Hungary and ERME. - 9789637031045 ; , s. 2096-2103
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper identifies and discusses children’s mathematical reasoning in preschool and preschool class when they work with a fair sharing case. The case came from a selection of cases designed to promote collective mathematical as well as ethical reasoning. Data comes from six children’s work when sharing four paper biscuits between three soft toys, first when the children were five years old and then, a year later, when they were six years old. The results show that their reasoning, both when they were five and six, used mathematical and ethical arguments. In preschool class, the students were able to use each other’s arguments in collective reasoning to identify, predict, and verify their reasoning. The students began to measure the fraction parts of a remainder but could not evaluate the conclusion with respect to what is aspects for division; equal numbers and equal size. The results also signal that teacher’s input, of posing evaluating questions, appears to stimulate the reasoning.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Barn som offer och aktörer
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 45:2, s. 81-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Maria, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Taking children exposed to intimate partner violence seriously? : developments in BBIC from 2006 to 2015
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To improve child protection investigations the framework for assessment ”BBIC – Barns Behov I Centrum” [Children’s needs in the centre] was introduced in Sweden just after the new millennium, with the first full training resource published in 2006. There is a lack of research in Sweden about child protection work in cases of intimate partner violence generally and as regards BBIC specifically. However, a number of different sources indicate that there is a need for improvement of the BBIC system when it comes to this group of children at risk. For example, the national inspections of the local authorities’ work with abused women and children exposed to intimate partner violence carried out so far point to serious problems in child protection practice. Since BBIC was introduced the system has been amended and revised several times. A major revision was carried out in 2015. An important question is what these revisions may mean for the handling of cases of intimate partner violence. The aim of the paper is to map and assess how the issue of children’s exposure to violence has been addressed in the different versions of BBIC between 2006 and 2015. Surveying training resources and other documents from the last decade, we outline how there has been a gradual and partial inclusion of the issue of children’s exposure to violence over time, and discuss to what extent these amendments constitute a shift in perspective and emphasis major enough to be likely to impact positively on practice.
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| 10. |
- Hedefalk, Maria, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Five year Olds in between Sharing and Division
- 2022
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Ingår i: Philosophy of Mathematics Education Journal. - 1465-2978. ; 39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sharing and division are two concepts that have overlapping properties, and both are connected to the interpretation of fairness. In the present study, we study preschool children’s work with a case where eight biscuits were shared between soft toys. The focus is onthe different arguments that the children express. The results show that children use both ethical arguments and mathematical arguments in their solutions. Some of the arguments can be categorised as ‘Fair sharing related to number of pieces only’ or ‘Fair sharing employing ad hoc attempts at equal size’. The arguments that were coded as sharing not associated with mathematical sense of fairness were either classified as ethical reasoning or play. In the discussion, we raise the need of the combination of ethical reasoning and mathematical arguments if we want to create situations for children to develop critical thinking.
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