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- Jones, Geraint H., et al.
(författare)
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The Comet Interceptor Mission
- 2024
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Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Nature. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 220:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we describe the novel, multi-point Comet Interceptor mission. It is dedicated to the exploration of a little-processed long-period comet, possibly entering the inner Solar System for the first time, or to encounter an interstellar object originating at another star. The objectives of the mission are to address the following questions: What are the surface composition, shape, morphology, and structure of the target object? What is the composition of the gas and dust in the coma, its connection to the nucleus, and the nature of its interaction with the solar wind? The mission was proposed to the European Space Agency in 2018, and formally adopted by the agency in June 2022, for launch in 2029 together with the Ariel mission. Comet Interceptor will take advantage of the opportunity presented by ESA’s F-Class call for fast, flexible, low-cost missions to which it was proposed. The call required a launch to a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L2 point. The mission can take advantage of this placement to wait for the discovery of a suitable comet reachable with its minimum Δ V capability of 600 ms − 1 . Comet Interceptor will be unique in encountering and studying, at a nominal closest approach distance of 1000 km, a comet that represents a near-pristine sample of material from the formation of the Solar System. It will also add a capability that no previous cometary mission has had, which is to deploy two sub-probes – B1, provided by the Japanese space agency, JAXA, and B2 – that will follow different trajectories through the coma. While the main probe passes at a nominal 1000 km distance, probes B1 and B2 will follow different chords through the coma at distances of 850 km and 400 km, respectively. The result will be unique, simultaneous, spatially resolved information of the 3-dimensional properties of the target comet and its interaction with the space environment. We present the mission’s science background leading to these objectives, as well as an overview of the scientific instruments, mission design, and schedule.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Maria, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Co-opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry
- 2010
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Ingår i: Competitiveness Review: An International Journal. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. - 1059-5422 .- 2051-3143. ; 20:2, s. 194-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to conceptually develop the understanding of co-opetitiondynamics and to enhance the conceptual clarity of co-opetition by developing a definition based onprevious research efforts.Design/methodology/approach – This conceptual paper integrates various approaches to theconcept co-opetition into a definition that holds for co-opetitive interactions across multiple levels.Different co-opetitive interactions and the resulting dynamics are discussed by drawing uponcompetition and cooperation theories. The paper concludes with an agenda for further research onco-opetition dynamics.Findings – The paper outlines how different types of co-opetitive interactions result in archetypicalsituations where the dynamics of co-opetition are present as well as where the dynamics of co-opetitionare missing due to a lack of balance between cooperation and competition. It notes four co-opetitiveforces: over-embedding, distancing, confronting, and colluding. These four forces drive developmenttowards situations without dynamics.Originality/value – This paper provides a conceptual understanding of co-opetition dynamics andwill reveal that in order to adequately account for co-opetition dynamics, a definition of co-opetitionmust analytically separate the cooperative and the competitive interaction inherent in co-opetition.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Maria, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Coopetition : new ideas for a new paradigm
- 2010
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Ingår i: Coopetition Strategy. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing, Incorporated. - 9781848443211 - 9781849807241 ; , s. 19-39
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Bertilsson, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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A client-centred ADL intervention: three-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21, s. 377-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to study a client-centred activities of daily living (ADL) intervention (CADL) compared with the usualADL intervention (UADL) in people with stroke regarding: independence in ADL, perceived participation, life satisfaction,use of home-help service, and satisfaction with training and, in their significant others, regarding: caregiver burden, lifesatisfaction, and informal care. Methods: In this multicentre study, 16 rehabilitation units were randomly assigned to deliverCADL or UADL. The occupational therapists who provided the CADL were specifically trained. Eligible for inclusion werepeople with stroke treated in a stroke unit £3 months after stroke, dependent in ‡two ADL, not diagnosed with dementia, andable to understand instructions. Data were collected at inclusion and three months thereafter. To detect a significant differencebetween the groups in the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) domain “participation”, 280 participants were required. Intention-totreatanalysis was applied. Results: At three months, there was no difference in the outcomes between the CADL group(n = 129) and the UADL group (n = 151), or their significant others (n = 87/n = 93) except in the SIS domain “emotion” infavour of CADL (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The CADL does not appear to bring about short-term differences in outcomes andlonger follow-ups are required.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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All for one and one for all: Encouraging ecosystem citizenship behaviour to strengthen employer branding
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 38:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigates how employer branding can be strengthened by taking a business ecosystem approach that encourages and leverages indirect social exchanges, such as the behaviour of paying it forward. This work is founded on extant literature and exploratory interviews with individuals from firms seeking to strengthen their employer brand by interdependently operating in a business ecosystem. A model is developed that proposes how indirect social exchanges can occur in an ecosystem, and what types of outcomes it can lead to for the individuals, firms and the ecosystem as a whole. As far as can be ascertained, this is the first study that combines these perspectives. The work suggests that there is value for firms in taking an ecosystem-focused approach to employer branding. The findings highlight that indirect or generalized social exchanges can provide value for individual firms when they form a group of interdependent collaborators rather than simply being competitors. Further, this work adds to the literature related to employee and partner extra-role behaviour by proposing the perspective of an Ecosystem Citizenship Behaviour. Ecosystem Citizenship Behaviour is an extra-role behaviour that occurs in the business ecosystem and as such can be beneficial for joint employer branding initiatives of participating firms.
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- Eriksson, Maria Theresa
(författare)
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Going Above and Beyond : An Assessment of Paying it Forward Behaviour in the B2B Marketing Context
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Helping behavior and other acts of kindness are important in the business context as they lead to numerous positive outcomes for organizations and individuals and they can help form the foundation needed for meeting organizational goals. Acts of kindness can have a multiplying effect which can be achieved by kindness being paid back to the individual who conducted the act of kindness or paid forward to others. Paying it Forward (PIF) is a type of generalized social exchange behaviour that occurs when a person gives something of value to another person because they have in the past received something of value from someone else. PIF is forming a growing area of interest in business, yet to date PIF has received less attention in a Business-to-Business (B2B) context than in Business-to-Consumer (B2C) and Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C). There are two key considerations that makes PIF important in the B2B marketing context, namely that marketing itself constitutes exchange and that the multiple responsibilities that the marketing manager often hold makes them actors in social exchange, both as participants of exchange relationships between firms and as facilitators of exchange through the responsibilities they hold within their firm. With this in mind, this dissertation identifies research gaps as it relates to PIF in the context of B2B marketing, and these gaps can be summarized by the research problem statement: How can marketing managers participate in and facilitate/encourage Paying it Forward in the B2B marketing context? This research problem statement was examined by four research questions, each addressed by a study producing an individual research article. The purpose of the first study was to address the research question: What is the role of the Generalized Social Exchange behaviour Paying it Forward in the Business-to-Business marketing context? The findings of this work serve to further situate PIF in the B2B marketing context, and contribute a conceptual framework and several researchable propositions for PIF in the B2B marketing context. Next, the purpose of the second study was to address the research question: How does Generalized Social Exchange such as Paying it Forward occur and drive value co-creation results for employer branding in a business ecosystem? This study extended knowledge of B2B marketing from an employer branding perspective by proposing the existance of an ecosystem-centric perspective and Ecosystem Citizenship Behaviour (ECB) as it relates to employer branding. Meaning that employer branding can be perceived and acted upon from the perspective of the ecosystem as a whole. Following this, the purpose of the third study was to address the research question: Does organizational commitment predict Paying it Forward behaviour in the workplace? This study conceptually confirmed that PIF is an organizational citizenship behavior distinct from other conceptualizations. It also further added to the literature by confirming that there exists a positive relationship between organizational commitment and PIF, and that age and gender are confirmed moderators of this relationship. Finally, the purpose of the fourth study was to address the research question: How can managers encourage Paying it Forward behaviour that contributes to strengthening the firm’s employer brand? Study 4 introduced a conceptual definition for a PIF mindset and described what it entails and the value it may bring. It also provided a summary of different examples, benefits and risks of how PIF occurs on a micro-, meso- and macro-level. Finally, it provided practical guidelines summarized as principles for managers regarding how to foster a PIF mindset among employees and the broader organization. Through these studies taken together, this dissertation is contributing to furthering B2B marketing literature by providing insights into how marketing managers can participate in, facilitate and encourage PIF in the B2B marketing context, by first providing a general assessment of PIF in this context, and then addressing specific areas to further our understanding of how actors engage in this context. This dissertation is organized as follows: First, Chapter 1 provides an introduction and overview of the research area. Next, Chapter 2 provides a review of the literature relating to the key concepts and develops the research questions under examination in this dissertation. In Chapter 3, the methodology undertaken to study the research area is discussed. Chapter 4, in turn, presents a summary of the findings of each research article. Finally, Chapter 5 presents the theoretical contributions and practical implications of each of the four studies, it also discusses limitations and proposes recommendations for future research. The four contributing research articles can be found in full length as appendices to this dissertation.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Maria Theresa
(författare)
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Growing through Giving: The Role of Paying it Forward in Business-to-Business Marketing
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1051-712X .- 1547-0628. ; 29:2, s. 131-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeProviding B2B marketing with insights into the nascently explored generalized social exchange dimension paying it forward. Marketing is an ongoing exchange relationship of particular significance in the B2B context, where exchanges often are indirect. Therefore, understanding the generalized exchange mechanism paying it forward is important in order to derive value from it, both as a manager of marketing teams (intra-firm) and as a participant in inter-firm exchange relationships.Methodology/ApproachBy reviewing extant research, this conceptual paper provides a synthesis of paying it forward exchange, how it occurs and can be encouraged in the inter- and intra-firm B2B marketing contexts and proposes a researchable and practically applicable framework, as well as a series of researchable propositions.FindingsFounded on the understanding that paying it forward is an extra-role behavior (i.e., not defined by a job description or contract) that occurs both within and between firms, this work presents a conceptual framework as well as a series of researchable propositions with regard to the benefits that can be derived from paying it forward behavior. The framework proposes four different modes (peer, partner, affiliation, and alliance) under which marketers can facilitate or participate in the paying it forward type of exchange. The dimensions of the framework are relational interdependence and the intra-and inter-firm settings. These different modes emerge naturally based on the type of interaction. Depending on the circumstances, an individual could operate in any of the four modes, however depending on mode they operate in there are different key considerations to focus on.Originality/valueMakes contributions to literature by providing a synthesis of the generalized social exchange dimension paying it forward, drawing conclusions, and developing a comprehensive framework and researchable propositions for marketing related intra- and inter-firm paying it forward exchange behavior. Academics and practitioners benefit from understanding the value paying it forward may provide and improve the role marketers play in both facilitating and participating in this type of exchange, yet to date this behavior has received scant attention.Practical implicationsProvides practitioners a synthesis of paying it forward exchange and outlines why and how it is relevant in a B2B marketing context, how it can be encouraged and what managers need to know to make use of its advantages and avoid its pitfalls.
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