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- de Klerk, N., et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacilli Reduce Helicobacter pylori Attachment to Host Gastric Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting Adhesion Gene Expression
- 2016
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 84:5, s. 1526-1535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human gastrointestinal tract, including the harsh environment of the stomach, harbors a large variety of bacteria, of which Lactobacillus species are prominent members. The molecular mechanisms by which species of lactobacilli interfere with pathogen colonization are not fully characterized. In this study, we aimed to study the effect of lactobacillus strains upon the initial attachment of Helicobacter pylori to host cells. Here we report a novel mechanism by which lactobacilli inhibit adherence of the gastric pathogen H. pylori. In a screen with Lactobacillus isolates, we found that only a few could reduce adherence of H. pylori to gastric epithelial cells. Decreased attachment was not due to competition for space or to lactobacillus-mediated killing of the pathogen. Instead, we show that lactobacilli act on H. pylori directly by an effector molecule that is released into the medium. This effector molecule acts on H. pylori by inhibiting expression of the adhesin-encoding gene sabA. Finally, we verified that inhibitory lactobacilli reduced H. pylori colonization in an in vivo model. In conclusion, certain Lactobacillus strains affect pathogen adherence by inhibiting sabA expression and thereby reducing H. pylori binding capacity.
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| 2. |
- Hibbett, D. S., et al.
(författare)
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A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi
- 2007
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Ingår i: Mycological Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0953-7562 .- 1469-8102. ; 111, s. 509-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive phylogenetic classification of the kingdom Fungi is proposed, with reference to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, and with input from diverse members of the fungal taxonomic community. The classification includes 195 taxa, down to the level of order, of which 16 are described or validated here: Dikarya subkingdom nov.; Chytridiomycota, Neocallimastigomycota phyla nov.; Monoblepharidomycetes, Neocallimastigomycetes class. nov.; Eurotiomycetidae, Lecarioromycetidae, Mycocaliciomycetidae subclass. nov.; Acarosporales, Corticiales, Baeomycetales, Candelariales, Gloeophyllales, Melanosporales, Trechisporales, Umbilicariales ords. nov. The clade containing Ascomycota and Basidiomycota is classified as subkingdom Dikarya, reflecting the putative synapomorphy of dikaryotic hyphae. The most dramatic shifts in the classification relative to previous works concern the groups that have traditionally been included in the Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota. The Chytridiomycota is retained in a restricted sense, with Blastocladiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota representing segregate phyla of flagellated Fungi. Taxa traditionally placed in Zygomycota are distributed among Glomeromycota and several subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, and Zoopagomycotiria. Microsporidia are included in the Fungi, but no further subdivision of the group is proposed. Several genera of 'basal' Fungi of uncertain position are not placed in any higher taxa, including Basidiobolus, Caulochytrium, Olpidium, and Rozella. (c) 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Kaiser, M., et al.
(författare)
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VEDLIoT: Very Efficient Deep Learning in IoT
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2022. - : IEEE. - 9783981926361
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The VEDLIoT project targets the development of energy-efficient Deep Learning for distributed AIoT applications. A holistic approach is used to optimize algorithms while also dealing with safety and security challenges. The approach is based on a modular and scalable cognitive IoT hardware platform. Using modular microserver technology enables the user to configure the hardware to satisfy a wide range of applications. VEDLIoT offers a complete design flow for Next-Generation IoT devices required for collaboratively solving complex Deep Learning applications across distributed systems. The methods are tested on various use-cases ranging from Smart Home to Automotive and Industrial IoT appliances. VEDLIoT is an H2020 EU project which started in November 2020. It is currently in an intermediate stage with the first results available.
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| 9. |
- Urgessa, Z. N., et al.
(författare)
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Low temperature near band edge recombination dynamics in ZnO nanorods
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 116:12, s. 123506-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recombination dynamics of neutral donor bound excitons ((DX)-X-o: I-4, I-6/6a) and near band edge defect-related emission in solution grown ZnO nanorods are investigated using steady state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The effects of annealing are also studied. Low temperature steady state PL shows a systematic removal of the I-4 line after annealing at 450 degrees C and the subsequent domination of I-6a in these PL spectra. Additionally, the time decay of the I-4, I-6/6a, free exciton (FX), and basal plane stacking fault-related (BSF) PL transitions are studied as a function of annealing temperature. For the various annealing temperatures studied, the PL decay is described by a bi-exponential profile with a fast component (contribution from the surface) and slow component (related to bulk recombination). The fast component dominates in the case of as-grown and low temperature annealed samples (anneal temperatures up to 300 degrees C), suggesting the presence of surface adsorbed impurities. For samples annealed above 400 degrees C, the effects of the surface are reduced. The sample annealed at 850 degrees C produced an overall enhancement of the crystal quality. The underlying mechanisms for the observed PL characteristics are discussed based on near surface band bending caused by surface impurities.
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| 10. |
- Yang, S, et al.
(författare)
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Improvement of Crystalline and Photoluminescence of Atomic Layer Deposited m-Plane ZnO Epitaxial Films by Annealing Treatment
- 2012
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society. - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 12:10, s. 4745-4751
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monocrystalline m-plane ZnO epitaxial films with flat surface morphology were grown on m-plane sapphire by using atomic layer deposition. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy measurements verify not only the in-plane epitaxial relationship of the as-grown films as (10 (1) over bar0)andlt; 0001 andgt;(ZnO)parallel to(10 (1) over bar0)andlt;(1) over bar2 (1) over bar0 andgt; Al2O3 but also the absence of domains with undesirable orientations, which are generally obtained in the m-plane ZnO films grown by other methods. Experimental results indicate that the basal plane stacking fault (BSF) is the dominant structural defects that contribute to the emission at 3.31 eV in m-plane ZnO films. Exactly how thermal annealing affects the structural and optical properties of ZnO epi-films was also investigated. Additionally, based on time-resolved photoluminescence at 5 K, the decay time of BSF related emission and near-band-edge (NBE) emission were determined. Results of this work further demonstrated that the decay time of NBE emission increases with a higher annealing temperature, accompanied by an improvement in crystal structure.
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