| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Sikkema, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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An integrated cell atlas of the lung in health and disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Nature. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 29:6, s. 1563-1577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of human tissues. Yet, studies typically capture only a limited number of donors and disagree on cell type definitions. Integrating many single-cell datasets can address these limitations of individual studies and capture the variability present in the population. Here we present the integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA), combining 49 datasets of the human respiratory system into a single atlas spanning over 2.4 million cells from 486 individuals. The HLCA presents a consensus cell type re-annotation with matching marker genes, including annotations of rare and previously undescribed cell types. Leveraging the number and diversity of individuals in the HLCA, we identify gene modules that are associated with demographic covariates such as age, sex and body mass index, as well as gene modules changing expression along the proximal-to-distal axis of the bronchial tree. Mapping new data to the HLCA enables rapid data annotation and interpretation. Using the HLCA as a reference for the study of disease, we identify shared cell states across multiple lung diseases, including SPP1 + profibrotic monocyte-derived macrophages in COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis and lung carcinoma. Overall, the HLCA serves as an example for the development and use of large-scale, cross-dataset organ atlases within the Human Cell Atlas.
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| 3. |
- Sungnak, W., et al.
(författare)
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SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Nature Research. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 26:5, s. 681-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated SARS-CoV-2 potential tropism by surveying expression of viral entry-associated genes in single-cell RNA-sequencing data from multiple tissues from healthy human donors. We co-detected these transcripts in specific respiratory, corneal and intestinal epithelial cells, potentially explaining the high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. These genes are co-expressed in nasal epithelial cells with genes involved in innate immunity, highlighting the cells’ potential role in initial viral infection, spread and clearance. The study offers a useful resource for further lines of inquiry with valuable clinical samples from COVID-19 patients and we provide our data in a comprehensive, open and user-friendly fashion at www.covid19cellatlas.org.
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| 4. |
- Hober, Sophia, Professor, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical & Translational Immunology. - : Wiley. - 2050-0068. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic poses an immense need for accurate, sensitive and high-throughput clinical tests, and serological assays are needed for both overarching epidemiological studies and evaluating vaccines. Here, we present the development and validation of a high-throughput multiplex bead-based serological assay. Methods. More than 100 representations of SARS-CoV-2 proteins were included for initial evaluation, including antigens produced in bacterial and mammalian hosts as well as synthetic peptides. The five best-performing antigens, three representing the spike glycoprotein and two representing the nucleocapsid protein, were further evaluated for detection of IgG antibodies in samples from 331 COVID-19 patients and convalescents, and in 2090 negative controls sampled before 2020. Results. Three antigens were finally selected, represented by a soluble trimeric form and the S1-domain of the spike glycoprotein as well as by the C-terminal domain of the nucleocapsid. The sensitivity for these three antigens individually was found to be 99.7%, 99.1% and 99.7%, and the specificity was found to be 98.1%, 98.7% and 95.7%. The best assay performance was although achieved when utilising two antigens in combination, enabling a sensitivity of up to 99.7% combined with a specificity of 100%. Requiring any two of the three antigens resulted in a sensitivity of 99.7% and a specificity of 99.4%. Conclusion. These observations demonstrate that a serological test based on a combination of several SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay.
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| 5. |
- Lemme, Max C., 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Gate-Activated Photoresponse in a Graphene p-n Junction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nano letters (Print). - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 11:10, s. 4134-4137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study photodetection in graphene near a local electrostatic gate, which enables active control of the potential landscape and carrier polarity. We find that a strong photoresponse only appears when and where a p-n junction is formed, allowing on-off control of photodetection. Photocurrents generated near p-n junctions do not require biasing and can be realized using submicrometer gates. Locally modulated photoresponse enables a new range of applications for graphene-based photodetectors including, for example, pixilated infrared imaging with control of response on subwavelength dimensions.
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| 6. |
- Abourraja, Mohamed Nezar, et al.
(författare)
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A Data-Driven Discrete Event Simulation Model to Improve Emergency Department Logistics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 Winter Simulation Conference. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Demands for health care are becoming overwhelming for healthcare systems around the world regarding theavailability of resources, particularly, in emergency departments (EDs) that are continuously open and mustserve immediately any patient who comes in. Efficient management of EDs and their resources is requiredmore than ever. This could be achieved either by optimizing resource utilization or by the improvement ofhospital layout. This paper investigates, through data-driven simulation alternative designs of workflowsand layouts to operate the ED of the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden. Results are analyzed tounderstand the requirements across the hospital for reduced waiting times in the ED. The main observationrevealed that introducing a new ward dedicated to patients having complex diagnoses with a capacity ofless than 20 beds leads to lower waiting times. Furthermore, the use of data-mining was of great help inreducing the efforts of building the simulation model.
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| 7. |
- Bertone, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Design optimization methods for genomic DNA tiling arrays.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Genome Research. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1088-9051 .- 1549-5469. ; 16:2, s. 271-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recent development in microarray research entails the unbiased coverage, or tiling, of genomic DNA for the large-scale identification of transcribed sequences and regulatory elements. A central issue in designing tiling arrays is that of arriving at a single-copy tile path, as significant sequence cross-hybridization can result from the presence of non-unique probes on the array. Due to the fragmentation of genomic DNA caused by the widespread distribution of repetitive elements, the problem of obtaining adequate sequence coverage increases with the sizes of subsequence tiles that are to be included in the design. This becomes increasingly problematic when considering complex eukaryotic genomes that contain many thousands of interspersed repeats. The general problem of sequence tiling can be framed as finding an optimal partitioning of non-repetitive subsequences over a prescribed range of tile sizes, on a DNA sequence comprising repetitive and non-repetitive regions. Exact solutions to the tiling problem become computationally infeasible when applied to large genomes, but successive optimizations are developed that allow their practical implementation. These include an efficient method for determining the degree of similarity of many oligonucleotide sequences over large genomes, and two algorithms for finding an optimal tile path composed of longer sequence tiles. The first algorithm, a dynamic programming approach, finds an optimal tiling in linear time and space; the second applies a heuristic search to reduce the space complexity to a constant requirement. A Web resource has also been developed, accessible at http://tiling.gersteinlab.org, to generate optimal tile paths from user-provided DNA sequences.
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| 8. |
- Falk, J., et al.
(författare)
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Legibility and readability in Augmented Reality
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience, QoMEX 2021. - : IEEE. - 9781665435895 ; , s. 231-236
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital technology offers multimodal presentation of information, that can be used for translating foreign languages or for alleviating hearing impairment or deafness communication problems. Today, there exists various aids that can be used for speech-to text translations, but there are some challenges with these. One potential solution for this is to make use of a combination of Augmented Reality (AR) and speech-to-text systems, where speech is converted into text that is then presented in AR-glasses. In AR, one crucial problem is the legibility and readability of text under different environmental conditions. Different types of AR glasses have different ergonomic characteristics, which implies that certain glasses might be more suitable for such a system than others. In this investigation, two different AR-glasses were evaluated based on among other things their optical, visual, and ergonomic characteristics. User tests were conducted to evaluate the legibility and readability of text under different environmental contexts. The results indicate that legibility and readability are affected by factors such as ambient illuminance, background properties and how the text is presented with respect to polarity, opacity, size, and number of lines. The characteristics of the glasses impacts the user experience, but which glasses that is preferred depends on the individual.
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| 9. |
- Falk, Ronny, et al.
(författare)
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An improved dual-expression concept, generating high-quality antibodies for proteomics research
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0885-4513 .- 1470-8744. ; 38, s. 231-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel, improved dual bacterial-expression system, designed for large-scale generation of high-quality polyclonal antibody preparations intended for proteomics research, is presented. The concept involves parallel expression of cDNA-encoded proteins, as a fusion with two different tags in two separate vector systems. Both systems enable convenient blotting procedures for expression screening on crude bacterial cell cultures and single-step affinity purification under denaturing conditions. One of the fusion proteins is used to elicit antibodies, and the second fusion protein is used in an immobilized form as an affinity ligand to enrich antibodies with selective reactivity to the cDNA-encoded part, common for the two fusion proteins. To evaluate the system, four cDNA clones from putative nuclear proteins from the non-biting midge Chironomus tentans were expressed. Antibodies to these cDNA-encoded proteins were generated, enriched and used in blotting and immunofluorescence procedures to determine expression patterns for the native proteins corresponding to the cDNAs. The four antibody preparations showed specific reactivity to the corresponding recombinant cDNA-encoded proteins, and three of the four antibodies gave specific staining in Western-blot analysis of nuclear cell extracts. Furthermore, two of the antibody preparations gave specific staining in immunofluorescence analysis of C. tentans cells. We conclude that the dual-vector concept presented offers a highly stringent strategy for the generation of monospecific polyclonal antibodies, which are useful in proteomics research.
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| 10. |
- Frolovskaia, A. , V, et al.
(författare)
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Experience of light thin-walled structures improvement in construction
- 2018
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Ingår i: 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHATRONICS AND CONTROL ENGINEERING (ICMCE 2017). - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors on the basis of practical experience have analyzed low-rise construction with the use of energy-saving technologies. Characteristic features of possible variants of frame construction are looked at and described. The relevance of the paper consists in the improvement of the building frame design solution based on the analysis and elimination of disadvantages taking into account consumers' point of view.
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