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- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Falk, Ronny, et al.
(författare)
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An improved dual-expression concept, generating high-quality antibodies for proteomics research
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0885-4513 .- 1470-8744. ; 38, s. 231-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel, improved dual bacterial-expression system, designed for large-scale generation of high-quality polyclonal antibody preparations intended for proteomics research, is presented. The concept involves parallel expression of cDNA-encoded proteins, as a fusion with two different tags in two separate vector systems. Both systems enable convenient blotting procedures for expression screening on crude bacterial cell cultures and single-step affinity purification under denaturing conditions. One of the fusion proteins is used to elicit antibodies, and the second fusion protein is used in an immobilized form as an affinity ligand to enrich antibodies with selective reactivity to the cDNA-encoded part, common for the two fusion proteins. To evaluate the system, four cDNA clones from putative nuclear proteins from the non-biting midge Chironomus tentans were expressed. Antibodies to these cDNA-encoded proteins were generated, enriched and used in blotting and immunofluorescence procedures to determine expression patterns for the native proteins corresponding to the cDNAs. The four antibody preparations showed specific reactivity to the corresponding recombinant cDNA-encoded proteins, and three of the four antibodies gave specific staining in Western-blot analysis of nuclear cell extracts. Furthermore, two of the antibody preparations gave specific staining in immunofluorescence analysis of C. tentans cells. We conclude that the dual-vector concept presented offers a highly stringent strategy for the generation of monospecific polyclonal antibodies, which are useful in proteomics research.
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