| 1. |
- Downer, Mary K., et al.
(författare)
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Dairy intake in relation to prostate cancer survival
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 140:9, s. 2060-2069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dairy intake has been associated with increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. Two US cohort studies reported increased prostate cancer-specific mortality with increased high-fat milk intake. We examined whether dairy and related nutrient intake were associated with prostate cancer progression in a Swedish patient population with high dairy consumption. We prospectively followed 525 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (diagnosed 1989-1994). We identified and confirmed deaths through February 2011 (n = 222 prostate cancer-specific, n = 268 from other causes). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between food or nutrient intake and prostate cancer-specific death. On average, patients consumed 5.0 servings/day of total dairy products at diagnosis. In the whole population, high-fat milk intake was not associated with prostate cancer-specific death (95% CI: 0.78, 2.10; p-trend = 0.32; multivariate-adjusted model). However, among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer, compared to men who consumed <1 servings/day of high-fat milk, those who drank >= 3 servings/day had an increased hazard of prostate cancer mortality (HR = 6.10; 95% CI: 2.14, 17.37; p-trend = 0.004; multivariate-adjusted model). Low-fat milk intake was associated with a borderline reduction in prostate cancer death among patients with localized prostate cancer. These associations were not observed among patients diagnosed with advanced stage prostate cancer. Our data suggest a positive association between high-fat milk intake and prostate cancer progression among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer. Further studies are warranted to investigate this association and elucidate the mechanisms by which high-fat milk intake may promote prostate cancer progression.
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| 2. |
- Fang, Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Hospitalization for osteoarthritis and prostate cancer specific mortality among Swedish men with prostate cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology. - Oxon, United Kingdom : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7821 .- 1877-783X. ; 34:5, s. 644-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To examine the potential role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use on prostate cancer (PCa) specific mortality. Methods: We studied the association between hospitalization for osteoarthritis prior to PCa diagnosis, as a surrogate for heavy use of NSAIDs, and PCa specific mortality in a large population of PCa patients in Sweden in 1980-2004. Results: Hospitalization for osteoarthritis before PCa diagnosis was associated to a lower PCa specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-0.96), but not to the risk of death from other causes (HR, 1.03; 95% Cl, 0.99-1.08). The association was stronger among younger patients and patients diagnosed in earlier calendar years. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate a modestly decreased PCa specific mortality among PCa patients with hospitalization for osteoarthritis prior to PCa diagnosis, compared to those without such experience. This finding lends support to the hypothesis that NSAIDs use may influence PCa progression.
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| 3. |
- Fiorentino, Michelangelo, et al.
(författare)
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Immunohistochemical Expression of BRCA1 and Lethal Prostate Cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - Philadelphia, USA : American Association for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 70:8, s. 3136-3139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BRCA1 functions as a tumor suppressor; recent work suggests that BRCA1 may also induce cell cycle arrest to allow for DNA repair. We hypothesized that BRCA1 expression in prostate tumor tissue may be associated with prostate cancer progression through regulation of the cell cycle. We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate BRCA1 protein expression in archival tumor samples from 393 prostate cancer cases in the Physicians' Health Study. The men were followed prospectively from diagnosis to development of metastases and mortality. Fifteen percent of tumors stained positive for BRCA1. BRCA1-positive tumors had substantially increased tumor proliferation index compared with negative tumors (47.0 Ki67-positive nuclei versus 10.3, P = 0.0016) and were more likely to develop lethal cancer compared with BRCA1-negative tumors (hazard ratio, 4.6; 95% confidence interval, 2.4-8.7). These findings strengthen the hypothesis that BRCA1 plays a role in cell cycle control and show that BRCA1 is a marker of clinical prostate cancer prognosis. Cancer Res; 70(8); 3136-9. (C) 2010 AACR.
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| 4. |
- Lu, Donghao, et al.
(författare)
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Stress-Related Signaling Pathways in Lethal and Nonlethal Prostate Cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. - Philadelphia, USA : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 22:3, s. 765-772
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Recent data suggest that neuroendocrine signaling may influence progression in some cancers. We aimed to determine whether genes within the five major stress-related signaling pathways are differentially expressed in tumor tissue when comparing prostate cancer patients with lethal and nonlethal disease.Experimental design: We measured mRNA expression of 51 selected genes involved in predetermined stress-related signaling pathways (adrenergic, glucocorticoid, dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and muscarinic systems) in tumor tissue and normal prostate tissue collected from prostate cancer patients in the Physicians' Health Study (n = 150; n = 82 with normal) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (n = 254; n = 120 with normal). We assessed differences in pathway expression in relation to prostate cancer lethality as the primary outcome and to biomarkers as secondary outcomes.Results: Differential mRNA expression of genes within the adrenergic (P = 0.001), glucocorticoid (P < 0.0001), serotoninergic (P = 0.0019), and muscarinic (P = 0.0045) pathways in tumor tissue was associated with the risk of lethality. The adrenergic pathway was also statistically significant (P = 0.001) when comparing against differential expression of genes not involved in the pathways. In adjacent normal prostate tissue, none of the pathways was clearly differentially expressed between lethal and nonlethal prostate cancer. The glucocorticoid and adrenergic pathways were associated with cell proliferation, while the glucocorticoid pathway was additionally associated with angiogenesis and perineural invasion.Conclusions: Our study suggests that stress-related signaling pathways, particularly the adrenergic and glucocorticoid, may be dysregulated in the tumors of men whose prostate cancer proves to be lethal, and motivates further investigation of these pathways in functional studies.
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| 5. |
- Pettersson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The ABC model of prostate cancer : A conceptual framework for the design and interpretation of prognostic studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cancer. - Hoboken, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 123:9, s. 1490-1496
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has been limited success in identifying prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer. A partial explanation may be that insufficient emphasis has been put on clearly defining what type of marker or patient category a biomarker study aims to identify and how different cohort characteristics affect the ability to identify such a marker. In this article, the authors put forth the ABC model of prostate cancer, which defines 3 groups of patients with localized disease that an investigator may seek to identify: patients who, within a given time frame, will not develop metastases even if untreated (category A), will not develop metastases because of radical treatment (category B), or will develop metastases despite radical treatment (category C). The authors demonstrate that follow-up time and prostate-specific antigen screening intensity influence the prevalence of patients in categories A, B, and C in a study cohort, and that prognostic markers must be tested in both treated and untreated cohorts to accurately distinguish the 3 groups. The authors suggest that more emphasis should be put on considering these factors when planning, conducting, and interpreting the results from prostate cancer biomarker studies, and propose the ABC model as a framework to aid in that process.
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