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| 2. |
- Baenas, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Eating Disorders : A Multicentre Collaborative International Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The COVID-19 lockdown has had a significant impact on mental health. Patients with eating disorders (ED) have been particularly vulnerable. Aims. (1) To explore changes in eating-related symptoms and general psychopathology during lockdown in patients with an ED from various European and Asian countries; and (2) to assess differences related to diagnostic ED subtypes, age, and geography. Methods. The sample comprised 829 participants, diagnosed with an ED according to DSM-5 criteria from specialized ED units in Europe and Asia. Participants were assessed using the COVID-19 Isolation Scale (CIES). Results. Patients with binge eating disorder (BED) experienced the highest impact on weight and ED symptoms in comparison with other ED subtypes during lockdown, whereas individuals with other specified feeding and eating disorders (OFSED) had greater deterioration in general psychological functioning than subjects with other ED subtypes. Finally, Asian and younger individuals appeared to be more resilient. Conclusions. The psychopathological changes in ED patients during the COVID-19 lockdown varied by cultural context and individual variation in age and ED diagnosis. Clinical services may need to target preventive measures and adapt therapeutic approaches for the most vulnerable patients.
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| 3. |
- Fernández-Aranda, Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES) : Analysis of the impact of confinement in eating disorders and obesity—A collaborative international study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Eating Disorders Review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 28:6, s. 871-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have a serious and complex impact on the mental health of patients with an eating disorder (ED) and of patients with obesity. The present manuscript has the following aims: (1) to analyse the psychometric properties of the COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES), (2) to explore changes that occurred due to confinement in eating symptomatology; and (3) to explore the general acceptation of the use of telemedicine during confinement. The sample comprised 121 participants (87 ED patients and 34 patients with obesity) recruited from six different centres. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) tested the rational-theoretical structure of the CIES. Adequate goodness-of-fit was obtained for the confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach alpha values ranged from good to excellent. Regarding the effects of confinement, positive and negative impacts of the confinement depends of the eating disorder subtype. Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and with obesity endorsed a positive response to treatment during confinement, no significant changes were found in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients, whereas Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) patients endorsed an increase in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology. Furthermore, AN patients expressed the greatest dissatisfaction and accommodation difficulty with remote therapy when compared with the previously provided face-to-face therapy. The present study provides empirical evidence on the psychometric robustness of the CIES tool and shows that a negative confinement impact was associated with ED subtype, whereas OSFED patients showed the highest impairment in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology.
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| 6. |
- Abdul Rahim, Yassir, et al.
(författare)
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A nationwide case-control study on cardiovascular and respiratory-related disorders in patients with gambling disorder in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Public Health. - 1476-5616. ; 224, s. 45-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: We aimed to examine potential relationships and gender differences between cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, obesity, respiratory-related disorders, and gambling disorder (GD). We hypothesized that (1) GD patients would be more likely than controls to have CVD, diabetes, obesity, and respiratory-related diseases; and (2) females with GD would be more likely than men with GD to have CVD, diabetes, obesity, and respiratory-related diseases.Study design: National retrospective case-control study.Methods: We used data from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare between 2005 and 2019. A total of 10,766 patients were included, and 3592 of them had GD. Every GD patient was matched with two age-and gender-matched controls. Patient data, including the history of medical diagnoses, were extracted. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare GD patients and controls. Results: GD patients had a higher prevalence of CVD and respiratory-related disorders than controls. Diabetes rates were 5% for GD patients and 2% for controls; CVD (18% vs 12%); respiratory-related disease (7% vs 4%); and obesity (7% vs 3%). Women with a diagnosis of GD have a higher prevalence of obesity and somatic comorbidities other than diabetes compared to men. Conclusions: This is the largest case-control study conducted to date showing GD patients have a higher prevalence of CVD, diabetes, obesity, and respiratory-related disorders than controls. Women with GD appear to be more susceptible than men to CVD, obesity, and respiratory-related disorders; however, this may be partially explained by differences in help-seeking behavior. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of early identification of GD patients who may also have somatic conditions requiring treatment. This can be accomplished by implementing a screening program for GD, CVD, diabetes, obesity, and respiratory-related disorders, and by including healthy lifestyle management strategies.
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| 7. |
- Abdul Rahim, Yassir, et al.
(författare)
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Development of gambling disorder after bariatric surgery: a call for research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - 2296-2565. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between bariatric surgery and alcohol use disorder (AUD) suggests that there may be a parallel connection between bariatric surgery and gambling disorder (GD), although this has never been researched before. Here, we describe observations suggesting that patients undergoing bariatric surgery may develop gambling disorders after surgery. Obese, older adults, and women may be at particular risk of developing GD because of their higher susceptibility to somatic comorbidities. We call for research addressing factors affecting the development of GD in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and how this could be prevented.
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| 8. |
- Aigner, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Eating Disorders
- 2011
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Ingår i: World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1562-2975 .- 1814-1412. ; 12:6, s. 400-443
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. The treatment of eating disorders is a complex process that relies not only on the use of psychotropic drugs but should include also nutritional counselling, psychotherapy and the treatment of the medical complications, where they are present. In this review recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of eating disorders (anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED)) are presented, based on the available literature. Methods. The guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of eating disorders are based on studies published between 1977 and 2010. A search of the literature included: anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa, eating disorder and binge eating disorder. Many compounds have been studied in the therapy of eating disorders (AN: antidepressants (TCA, SSRIs), antipsychotics, antihistaminics, prokinetic agents, zinc, Lithium, naltrexone, human growth hormone, cannabis, clonidine and tube feeding; BN: antidepressants (TCA, SSRIs, RIMA, NRI, other AD), antiepileptics, odansetron, d-fenfluramine Lithium, naltrexone, methylphenidate and light therapy; BED: antidepressants (TCA, SSRIs, SNRIs, NRI), antiepileptics, baclofen, orlistat, d-fenfluramine, naltrexone). Results. In AN 20 randomized controlled trials (RCT) could be identified. For zinc supplementation there is a grade B evidence for AN. For olanzapine there is a category grade B evidence for weight gain. For the other atypical antipsychotics there is grade C evidence. In BN 36 RCT could be identified. For tricyclic antidepressants a grade A evidence exists with a moderate-risk-benefit ratio. For fluoxetine a category grade A evidence exists with a good risk-benefit ratio. For topiramate a grade 2 recommendation can be made. In BED 26 RCT could be identified. For the SSRI sertraline and the antiepileptic topiramate a grade A evidence exists, with different recommendation grades. Conclusions. Additional research is needed for the improvement of the treatment of eating disorders. Especially for anorexia nervosa there is a need for further pharmacological treatment strategies Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15622975.2011.602720
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| 9. |
- Baenas, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Does Confinement Affect Treatment Dropout Rates in Patients With Gambling Disorder? A Nine-Month Observational Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: COVID-19 pandemic and confinement have represented a challenge for patients with gambling disorder (GD). Regarding treatment outcome, dropout may have been influenced by these adverse circumstances. The aims of this study were: (a) to analyze treatment dropout rates in patients with GD throughout two periods: during and after the lockdown and (b) to assess clinical features that could represent vulnerability factors for treatment dropout. Methods: The sample consisted of n=86 adults, mostly men (n=79, 91.9%) and with a mean age of 45years old (SD=16.85). Patients were diagnosed with GD according to DSM-5 criteria and were undergoing therapy at a Behavioral Addiction Unit when confinement started. Clinical data were collected through a semi-structured interview and protocolized psychometric assessment. A brief telephone survey related to COVID-19 concerns was also administered at the beginning of the lockdown. Dropout data were evaluated at two moments throughout a nine-month observational period (T1: during the lockdown, and T2: after the lockdown). Results: The risk of dropout during the complete observational period was R=32/86=0.372 (37.2%), the Incidence Density Rate (IDR) ratio T2/T1 being equal to 0.052/0.033=1.60 (p=0.252). Shorter treatment duration (p=0.007), lower anxiety (p=0.025), depressive symptoms (p=0.045) and lower use of adaptive coping strategies (p=0.046) characterized patients who abandoned treatment during the lockdown. Briefer duration of treatment (p=0.001) and higher employment concerns (p=0.044) were highlighted in the individuals who dropped out after the lockdown. Treatment duration was a predictor of dropout in both periods (p=0.005 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The present results suggest an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment dropout among patients with GD during and after the lockdown, being treatment duration a predictor of dropout. Assessing vulnerability features in GD may help clinicians identify high-risk individuals and enhance prevention and treatment approaches in future similar situations.
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| 10. |
- Del Pino-Gutiérrez, Amparo, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of alcohol consumption on clinical aspects of gambling disorder.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1447-0349 .- 1445-8330. ; 26:2, s. 121-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Similarities between gambling disorder and substance use disorders have been extensively described. To date, however, few studies using large clinical samples have been carried out that reliably assess the relationship between different levels of alcohol consumption and gambling disorders. The present study aimed to assess the impact of baseline alcohol consumption levels on the clinical profile in a large sample of treatment-seeking individuals. Nine hundred and fifty-one consecutive outpatients diagnosed with gambling disorder according to DSM-IV criteria were compared after being included in three alcohol consumption groups (low risk, abuse and risk of dependence) based on their total raw scores on the AUDIT questionnaire. Results showed a high prevalence of risk of alcohol dependence in GD patients who were immigrants, unemployed, and had a low level of education. A positive linear trend was also found between alcohol consumption level and the prevalence of other current and life-time comorbid mental disorders, and for the presence of drug abuse. Statistically significant differences were found between the three alcohol consumption groups in terms of the evolution and severity of the gambling disorder, self-directedness personality trait, and levels of general psychopathology, hostility and paranoid ideation. In conclusion, the results showed an association between increased alcohol consumption and greater dysfunction.
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