| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Adelino, Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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Trade Credit and the Transmission of Unconventional Monetary Policy
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We show that trade credit in production networks is important for the transmission of unconventional monetary policy. We find that firms with bonds eligible for purchase under the European Central Bank’s Corporate Sector Purchase Program act as financial intermediaries and extend more trade credit to their customers. The increase in trade credit flows is more pronounced from core countries to periphery countries and towards financially constrained customers. Customers increase investment and employment in response to the additional financing, while suppliers with eligible bonds increase their customer base, potentially favoring upstream industry concentration. Our findings suggest that the trade credit channel of monetary policy produces heterogeneous effects on regions, industries, and firms.
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| 3. |
- Dai, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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The dispersion process of carbon nanotubes sonicated in aqueous solutions of a dispersant
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) dispersions are created by sonicating pristine SWNT powders added to aqueous solutions of the dispersant block copolymer Pluronic F127. In those dispersions, the amount of the dispersed SWNT is determined by the combination of TGA and UV-Vis methods, while the dispersant concentration is estimated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the amount of dispersant adsorbed at the SWNT surface is obtained by 1H NMR diffusion experiments. A part of the dispersant is taken up by non-dispersed and precipitated particles. Dispersion curves recording the amount of the dispersed SWNT as a function of either the initial dispersant concentration or the final dispersant concentration are obtained at different initial SWNT loadings and sonication times. The results show in detail the way the original SWNT particles are divided into smaller and smaller sizes thereby increasing the available SWNT surface to be covered by dispersant. Centrifugation sets the size-threshold above which SWNT particles are retained in the dispersion which determined the SWNT content as a function of sonication time.
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| 4. |
- Ferreira Fernandes, Ricardo Manuel, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Block copolymers adsorbed on single-walled carbon nanotubes. Block polydispersity and the modes of surface attachment
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 1H NMR peak intensities, 1H NMR diffusion measurements and TGA experiments were used to clarify the fate of the dispersing molecules, block copolymer Pluronic F127, during preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersions and their state in the created dispersions. In the dispersions, a fraction of the F127 molecules is adsorbed to the CNT surface. The mode of adsorption is the attachment and significant immobilization of the hydrophobic polypropylene oxide (PPO) block to the CNT surface and, as a result, the 1H NMR signal from the attached PPO blocks is lost. On the other hand, the hydrophilic polyethylene oxide (PEO) blocks remain highly mobile and thereby detectable by NMR. The F127 is revealed to exhibit significant block polydispersity. Molecules with large PPO blocks become enriched upon the surface of that fraction of the initial CNT powder that does not become dispersed. The molecular motions involved in creating the observed NMR features are clarified.
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| 5. |
- Nadiv, Roey, et al.
(författare)
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Polymer nanocomposites : insights on rheology, percolation, jamming and molecular mobility
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) loading in a polymer matrix strongly affect the rheological behavior and in turn hamper the overall performance of the composite. The majority of the research in this topic has focused on bulk rheological properties, while here we employ NMR diffusion experiments to explore the mobility (diffusivity) of epoxy molecules when loaded with CNTs. Rheology and light microscopy indicate percolation, or jamming events of CNT aggregates, caging a substantial amount of epoxy molecules while small angle X-ray scattering indicates rearrangements of epoxy molecules in the vicinity of the nanotubes. NMR diffusion experiments distinguish between the diffusion of the caged molecules and that of the free ones, and relate the fraction of the former to the system viscosity. These findings demonstrate the utility of NMR diffusion experiments as an additional method applied to the rheological behavior of polymer mixtures.
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| 6. |
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