| 1. |
- Höglund, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Breed on Plasma Endothelin-1 Concentration, Plasma Renin Activity, and Serum Cortisol Concentration in Healthy Dogs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0891-6640 .- 1939-1676. ; 30:2, s. 566-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There are breed differences in several blood variables in healthy dogs.Objective: Investigate breed variation in plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentration, plasma renin activity, and serum cortisol concentration.Animals: Five-hundred and thirty-one healthy dogs of 9 breeds examined at 5 centers (2-4 breeds/center).Methods: Prospective observational study. Circulating concentrations of ET-1 and cortisol, and renin activity, were measured using commercially available assays. Absence of organ-related or systemic disease was ensured by thorough clinical investigations, including blood pressure measurement, echocardiography, ECG, blood and urine analysis.Results: Median ET-1 concentration was 1.29 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.97-1.82) pg/mL, median cortisol concentration 46.0 (IQR, 29.0-80.8) nmol/L, and median renin activity 0.73 (IQR, 0.48-1.10) ng/mL/h in all dogs. Overall, breed differences were found in ET-1 and cortisol concentrations, and renin activity (P < .0001 for all). Pair-wise comparisons between breeds differed in 67% of comparisons for ET-1, 22% for cortisol, and 19% for renin activity, respectively. Within centers, breed differences were found at 5/5 centers for ET-1, 4/5 centers for cortisol, and 2/5 centers for renin activity. Newfoundlands had highest median ET-1 concentration, 3 times higher than Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Doberman Pinschers, and Dachshunds. Median renin activity was highest in Dachshunds, twice the median value in Newfoundlands and Boxers. Median cortisol concentration was highest in Finnish Lapphunds, almost 3 times higher than in Boxers.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Breed variation might be important to take into consideration when interpreting test results in clinical studies.
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| 2. |
- Forsberg, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment with Anti-HER2 Chimeric Antigen Receptor Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (CAR-TILs) Is Safe and Associated with Antitumor Efficacy in Mice and Companion Dogs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 15:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary CAR-T cells are immune cells equipped with a claw that enable them to bind cancer cells. Usually, CAR-T cells are made using immune cells from blood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that also immune cells that reside in the tumor, so called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, can also be modified to carry the claw. This may mean that these cells, called CAR-TILs, will be able to attack cancer cells in two ways, using the claw or binding using its normal protein on the cell surface, the so-called T cell receptor. We show that CAR-TILs can be generated, and that they can kill melanoma cells in cell culture and in mice. Finally, to prepare for clinical trials, we also assess if CAR-TILs can be safe in a human cancer patient-like model, a companion dog suffering from cancer. Our data suggest that CAR-TILs may be a way to treat patients with melanoma but human clinical trials are needed. Patients with metastatic melanoma have a historically poor prognosis, but recent advances in treatment options, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have drastically improved the outcomes for some of these patients. However, not all patients respond to available treatments, and around 50% of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma and almost all patients with metastases of uveal melanoma die of their disease. Thus, there is a need for novel treatment strategies for patients with melanoma that do not benefit from the available therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T (CAR-T) cells are largely unexplored in melanoma. Traditionally, CAR-T cells have been produced by transducing blood-derived T cells with a virus expressing CAR. However, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can also be engineered to express CAR, and such CAR-TILs could be dual-targeting. To this end, tumor samples and autologous TILs from metastasized human uveal and cutaneous melanoma were expanded in vitro and transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding an anti-HER2 CAR construct. When infused into patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models carrying autologous tumors, CAR-TILs were able to eradicate melanoma, even in the absence of antigen presentation by HLA. To advance this concept to the clinic and assess its safety in an immune-competent and human-patient-like setting, we treated four companion dogs with autologous anti-HER2 CAR-TILs. We found that these cells were tolerable and showed signs of anti-tumor activity. Taken together, CAR-TIL therapy is a promising avenue for broadening the tumor-targeting capacity of TILs in patients with checkpoint immunotherapy-resistant melanoma.
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| 3. |
- Amein, Tahsein, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of non-chemical seed treatment methods for control of Alternaria brassicicola on cabbage seeds
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. - 1861-3829 .- 1861-3837. ; 118:6, s. 214-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the lack of foliar fungicide use, the organic production of Brassica seeds free of Alternaria spp. is difficult. Therefore, effective seed treatments certified for use in organic farming are needed to eradicate or at least effectively reduce the seed-borne inoculum. We here report results of greenhouse and field experiments in which non-chemical seed treatments were tested for control of A. brassicicola on cabbage seeds naturally infested with the pathogen. In greenhouse experiments, significant improvements were obtained by seed treatment with some commercialised and experimental microbial biocontrol agents, an emulsion of thyme oil in water (0.1%) and by the tested physical seed treatments methods (i.e. hot water, aerated steam and electron seed treatment). Resistance inducers tended to increase the percentage of healthy plants, but the effects were statistically not significant. Generally the combination of physical treatments with the effective agents did not result in improved performance. Positive effects on crop establishment and yield by the same treatments were also observed in field tests. Overall the results indicate that several options for non-chemical control of A. brassicicola on Brassica seeds exist that are comparable in efficacy to the chemical standard Aatiram (active ingredient thiram) used in this study.
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| 4. |
- Vladic, Tomislav, et al.
(författare)
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Sperm competition between alternative reproductive tactics of the Atlantic salmon in vitro
- 2010
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Ingår i: Aquaculture. - : Elsevier. - 0044-8486 .- 1873-5622. ; 302:3-4, s. 265-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The maintenance of brood stock in appropriate conditions is an important requirement for the production of high quality offspring. In this study, we investigated fertility of the two life history forms of Atlantic salmon males, precocious parr, brought up in breeding tanks in the hatchery and anadromous, migratory searanched males, caught when returning to the home river. The sperm quality was assessed by experiments between equal amount of sperm from one adult and one parr male in competition to fertilize eggs of a single female. The paternity was determined by a microsatellite analysis. Parr males achieved greater reproductive success than anadromous males under competition, and anadromous adults had greater fertility in controls as compared to the sperm competition situation. In total, parr males achieved 3.6 times greater fertilization success than anadromous males. Sperm ATP content contributed significantly to male fertility. Our results provide evidence that ejaculates of precociously mature Atlantic salmon parr are of increased quality as an adaptation to high sperm competition intensity due to better maintenance in the fish farm than in the wild.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Wright, Sandra, A. I., 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Behandling av köksväxtfrö : Treatment of vegetable seeds
- 2007
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Ingår i: Viola: Potatis och Grönsaker. ; 20, s. 32-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En vanlig orsak till försämrad frökvalitet är att fröna är smittade med bakterier eller svampar, detta påverkar planttätheten och orsakar sjukdomar. Producenter av köksväxtfrön för konventionell odling kan använda fungicider i fält som hämmar utvecklingen av svampsjukdomar, men fröproducenter för den ekologiska odlingen har knappt några effektiva metoder att tillgå, varken för svampbekämpning i fält eller för frösanering.
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