| 1. |
- Strand, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
-
On the Significance of Concentrated Solar Power R&D in Sweden
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress 2011, Linköping.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is an emerging renewable energy technology that has the potential to provide a major part of European energy needs at competitive cost levels. Swedish industry is strongly involved in CSP-based energy production either in the form of growing providers on the European energy market or as developers and producers of key components for CSP power plants. The growing industrial interest is reflected and accompanied by state of the art research in this field at the Department of Energy Technology at KTH. In the present paper the main challenges and opportunities for CSP R&D are presented and linked to the industrial environment and interests in Sweden. Related to these challenges, an overview of the latest research activities and results at the Department of Energy Technology is given with examples concerning CSP plant operation and optimisation, techno- economic cycle studies and high temperature solar receiver development.
|
|
| 2. |
- Aichmayer, Lukas, et al.
(författare)
-
Micro Gas-Turbine Design for Small-Scale Hybrid Solar Power Plants
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2013. San Antonio, USA. June 3-7. - : ASME. - 9780791855188
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are a promising technology for supplying controllable low-carbon electricity in off-grid regions. A thermoeconomic model of three different hybrid micro gas-turbine power plant layouts has been developed, allowing their environmental and economic performance to be analyzed. In terms of receiver design, it was shown that the pressure drop is a key criterion. However, for recuperated layouts the combined pressure drop of the recuperator and receiver is more important. The internally-fired recuperated micro gas-turbine was shown to be the most promising solution of the three configurations evaluated, in terms of both electricity costs and carbon emissions. Compared to competing diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units are between 10% and 43% lower, while specific CO2 emissions are reduced by 20 – 35%.
|
|
| 3. |
- Guedez, Rafael, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimization of Thermal Energy Storage Integration Strategies for Peak Power Production by Concentrating Solar Power Plants
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOLARPACES 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 1642-1651
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration of thermal energy storage systems in concentrating solar thermal power plants allows power production to be shifted from times where there is low demand to periods where electricity prices are higher. Although increasing the total investment, thermal energy storage can therefore enhance profitability of the solar power plant. The present study presents optimum power plant configurations for a given location considering different price-based grid integration strategies. Such optimum plant configurations were determined using a thermo-economic optimization approach where the operating strategy was set such that electricity was generated once the market price exceeds a given price level, defined as the minimum price selling indicator. Plants were optimized for different indicator values to cover designs from base load and peak power production. For each of these price-operating strategies, optimum plant configurations were found by varying two solar-related design parameters, namely the solar multiple and the storage size, whilst simultaneously evaluating the economic performance of each design. Finally, an economic analysis was performed for each of the optimum power plants, assuming financial conditions throughout the lifetime of the power plant. Results show that the optimum plant configurations vary with respect to the chosen operating strategy. Optimum configurations for peak power production yielded relatively smaller storage units than that of the optimum baseload plants. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that under current cost estimations, and for the specified location, concentrating solar thermal power is not an attractive option for utility-grid investors. However, it is shown that when considering a reduction in investment costs or the possibility of having renewable electricity incentives such as the investment tax credit treasury cash grant, concentrating solar thermal power plants can become an economically viable technology.
|
|
| 4. |
- Guédez, Rafael, et al.
(författare)
-
Reducing the Number of Turbine Starts in Concentrating Solar Power Plants through the Integration of Thermal Energy Storage
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME TurboExpo 2013. - 9780791855188
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The operation of steam turbine units in solar thermal power plants is very different than in conventional base-load plants. Due to the variability of the solar resource, much higher frequencies of plant start-ups are encountered. This study provides an insight to the influence of thermal energy storage integration on the typical cycling operation of solar thermal power plants. It is demonstrated that the integration of storage leads to significant reductions in the annual number of turbine starts and is thus beneficial to the turbine lifetime. At the same time, the effects of storage integration on the electricity costs are analyzed to ensure that the designs remain economically competitive. Large storage capacities, can allow the plant to be shifted from a daily starting regime to one where less than 20 plant starts occur annually. Additionally, the concept of equivalent operating hours is used to further analyze the direct impact of storage integration on the maintenance planning of the turbine units.
|
|
| 5. |
- Sandoz, Raphael, et al.
(författare)
-
Air-Based Bottoming-Cycles for Water-Free Hybrid Solar Gas-Turbine Power Plants
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME TurboExpo 2013. - 9780791855188
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thermoeconomic model of a novel hybrid solar gas- turbine power plant with an air-based bottoming cycle has been developed, allowing its thermodynamic, economic, and environmental performance to be analyzed. Multi-objective optimization has been performed to identify the trade-off between two conflicting objectives: minimum capital cost and minimum specific CO2 emissions. In-depth thermoeconomic analysis reveals that the additional bottoming cycle significantly reduces both the levelized cost of electricity and the environmental impact of the power plant (in terms of CO2 emissions and water consumption) when compared to a simple gas-turbine power plant without bottoming cycle. Overall, the novel concept appears to be a promising solution for sustainable power generation, especially in water-scarce areas.
|
|
| 6. |
- Spelling, James, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Comparative Thermoeconomic Study of Hybrid Solar Gas-Turbine Power Plants
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo. - 9780791855188
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction of the first generation of commercial hybrid solar gas-turbine power plants will present the designer with a large number of choices. To assist decision making, a thermoeconomic study has been performed for three different power plant configurations, namely simple- and combined- cycles as well as simple-cycle with the addition of thermal energy storage. Multi-objective optimization has been used to identify Pareto-optimal designs and highlight the trade-offs between minimizing investment costs and minimizing specific CO2 emissions. The solar hybrid combined-cycle plant provides a 60% reduction in electricity cost compared to parabolic trough power plants at annual solar shares up to 20%. The storage integrated designs can achieve much higher solar shares and provide a 7 – 13% reduction in electricity costs at annual solar shares up to 90%. At the same time, the water consumption of the solar gas-turbine systems is significantly lower than conventional steam-cycle based solar power plants.
|
|
| 7. |
- Spelling, James, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Thermoeconomic Study of Hybrid Solar Gas-Turbine Power Plants
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International SolarPACES Conference 2011, Granada.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A dynamic simulation model of a hybrid solar gas-turbine power plant has been developed, allowing determination of its thermodynamic and economic performance. Designs were based around two representative gas-turbines: a high efficiency machine and a low temperature machine. In order to examine the trade-offs that must be made, multi-objective thermo-economic analysis was performed, with two conflicting objectives: minimum investment costs and minimum specific CO2 emissions. At current fuel prices, gas-turbine solarisation was shown to result in only a small increase in levelised electricity costs at moderate solar shares. In the future, with higher fuel prices and carbon taxes, it was shown that electricity from hybrid solar gas-turbines could be cheaper than from fossil-only gas-turbines.
|
|
| 8. |
- Spelling, James, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Thermoeconomic Study of Low-Temperature Intercooled-Recuperated Cycles for Pure-Solar Gas-Turbine Applications
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International SolarPACES Conference 2011, Granada.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A dynamic model of a megawatt-scale low-temperature intercooled-recuperated solar gas-turbine power plant has been developed in order to allow determination of the thermodynamic and economic performance. The model was then used for multi-objective thermo-economic optimisation of both the power plant performance and cost, using a population-based algorithm. In order to examine the trade-offs that must be made and identify ‘optimal’ plant sizes and operating conditions, two conflicting objectives were considered, namely minimum investment costs and maximum annual electricity production. Levelised electricity costs from a 50 – 60 MWe power plant are predicted to be below 150 USD/MWhe, competitive with other solar thermal power technologies, and optimal plant sizes and configurations have been identified.
|
|
| 9. |
- Spelling, James, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Thermoeconomic Study of Low-Temperature Intercooled-Recuperated Cycles for Pure-Solar Gas-Turbine Applications
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of solar energy engineering. - : ASME International. - 0199-6231 .- 1528-8986. ; 134:4, s. 041015-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A dynamic model of a megawatt-scale low-temperature intercooled-recuperated solar gas-turbine power plant has been developed in order to allow determination of the thermodynamic and economic performance. The model was then used for multi-objective thermoeconomic optimization of both the power plant performance and cost, using a population-based algorithm. In order to examine the trade-offs that must be made and identify optimal' plant sizes and operating conditions, two conflicting objectives were considered, namely minimum investment costs and maximum annual electricity production. Levelized electricity costs from a 65 MWe power plant operating at 950°C are predicted to be below 130 USD/MWhe, competitive with other solar thermal power technologies. Optimal plant sizes and configurations have been identified.
|
|
| 10. |
- Spelling, James, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Advanced Hybrid Solar Tower Combined-Cycle Power Plants
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier. - 1876-6102. ; 49, s. 1207-1217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hybrid solar gas-turbine technology is a promising alternative to conventional solar thermal power plants. In order to increase the economic viability of the technology, advanced power plant concepts can be envisioned, with the integration of thermal energy storage and combined-cycle power blocks. In order to pinpoint the most promising configurations, multi-objective optimization has been used to identify Pareto-optimal designs and highlight the trade-offs between minimizing investment costs and minimizing specific CO2 emissions. Advanced solar hybrid combined-cycle power plants provide a 60% reduction in electricity costs compared to parabolic trough power plants. Furthermore, a 22% reduction in costs and a 32% reduction in CO2 emissions are achieved relative to a combination of parabolic trough and combined-cycle power plants.
|
|
