| 1. |
- Adamsson, Viola, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a healthy Nordic diet on cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolaemic subjects : a randomized controlled trial (NORDIET)
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 269:2, s. 150-159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a healthy Nordic diet (ND) on cardiovascular risk factors. Design and subjects. In a randomized controlled trial (NORDIET) conducted in Sweden, 88 mildly hypercholesterolaemic subjects were randomly assigned to an ad libitum ND or control diet (subjects' usual Western diet) for 6 weeks. Participants in the ND group were provided with all meals and foods. Primary outcome measurements were low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and secondary outcomes were blood pressure (BP) and insulin sensitivity (fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance). The ND was rich in high-fibre plant foods, fruits, berries, vegetables, whole grains, rapeseed oil, nuts, fish and low-fat milk products, but low in salt, added sugars and saturated fats. Results. The ND contained 27%, 52%, 19% and 2% of energy from fat, carbohydrate, protein and alcohol, respectively. In total, 86 of 88 subjects randomly assigned to diet completed the study. Compared with controls, there was a decrease in plasma cholesterol (-16%, P < 0.001), LDL cholesterol (-21%, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (-5%, P < 0.01), LDL/HDL (-14%, P < 0.01) and apolipoprotein (apo)B/apoA1 (-1%, P < 0.05) in the ND group. The ND reduced insulin (-9%, P = 0.01) and systolic BP by -6.6 +/- 13.2 mmHg (-5%, P < 0.05) compared with the control diet. Despite the ad libitum nature of the ND, body weight decreased after 6 weeks in the ND compared with the control group (-4%, P < 0.001). After adjustment for weight change, the significant differences between groups remained for blood lipids, but not for insulin sensitivity or BP. There were no significant differences in diastolic BP or triglyceride or glucose concentrations. Conclusions. A healthy ND improves blood lipid profile and insulin sensitivity and lowers blood pressure at clinically relevant levels in hypercholesterolaemic subjects.
|
|
| 2. |
- Adamsson, Viola, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a Nordic diet on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in hypercholesterolemic subjects: a randomized controlled study
- 2009
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Apart from lipid-lowering drugs, dietary changes can also reduce plasma LDL-C concentrations. No studies have been conducted to investigate the clinical effects of a diet with traditional foods originating from the Nordic countries. Method: In a randomised, controlled parallel-group intervention study 88 mildly hypercholesterolemic men and women were randomized to either an ad libitum Nordic diet (ND) or a control diet (CD) for 6 weeks. All meals and foods were provided to the participants in the ND group. Primary outcome measure was LDL-cholesterol, and secondary outcomes were blood pressure, plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. The ND was a high-fibre diet rich in plant foods (fruit, berries, vegetables, root vegetables, whole grain cereals and legumes), vegetable fats (rapeseed oil and nuts) and fatty fish, low-fat milk products, but low in salt, added sugars, saturated fats and red meats. Result: 86 subjects completed the study. Distribution of carbohydrates, fat and protein (E%) in ND was 54, 27, 19, respectively. ND lowered plasma total cholesterol 0.98±0.75 mmol/l (-16%), LDL-C by 0.83±0.67 mmol/l (-21%), HDL-C 0.08±0.23 mmol/l (-5%), including reduced LDL/HDL ratio by -0.42±0.57 (-14%) (all p<0.01 versus controls). Insulin concentrations decreased by 0.51± 2.25 (-9%, p=0.01) and systolic blood pressure by 7±13 mmHg (-5%, P<0.01) compared to controls. Despite diets were eaten ad libitum, body weight decreased by 3.0 kg in the ND (P<0.001). No significant differences were found for diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides or plasma glucose. Conclusion: A Nordic diet improves blood lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity as well as lowering blood pressure to a clinically significant extent in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Eklund, Monica, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Reading Among Students in Sweden : Recent Research and Present Trends in an International Perspective
- 2006
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of studies have been organised in Sweden, internationally on students ́ reading skills. IEA has organised the Six Subject Survey Study in 1970, the Reading Literacy Study in 1991 and PIRLS in 2001. The OECD has organised the PISA studies in 2000 and 2003.There have also been a number of studies undertaken only in Sweden. The Swedish National Agency for Education has published evaluation reports, covering the years 1992, 1995 and 2003, in which reading skills have been included. Karin Taube has been the project leader for a number of studies in different Swedish municipalities. These projects include testing of reading skills of all students in grade 3 in Stockholm 1993 –1999 and in grade 8 in Stockholm 1997 –2000.All these data some published and some not yet published, provide an opportunity to analyse questions related to students ́ reading. The data covers several years from 1970 to 2006 and concerns students in grades 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9. Some of the studies on reading allow comparisons over time. The studies organised within the framework of IEA make it possible to compare students’ reading skills in 1970, 1991 and 2001. The national assessments published by the Swedish National Agency for Education compare reading skills in 1989 (?), 1992, 1995 and 2003. The studies organised in Stockholm allows comparisons over the years 1993 to 1999 in grade 3 and 1997 to 2000 in grade 8. Also the PISA study may contribute, but only with two assessments in 2000 and 2003.Is it possible to speak about general trends based on the information available from the different studies? What may be the directions of these trends? Have reading skills among children and young people improved or do they read worse now than they used to do? How may changes in reading skills relate to changes in education policy and general changes in society during these years?
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Reading and education for students of immigrant origin in some Swedish municipalities
- 2009
-
Ingår i: US-China Education Review. - Libertyville, IL : David Publishing. - 1548-6613 .- 1930-1529. ; 6:11, s. 17-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers from Mid Sweden University and Kalmar University organised surveys on reading skills in Swedish municipalities. This paper will focus on the surveys made in four municipalities between 2002 and 2007. All students in grade 8 in these four municipalities participated in the surveys-in total 16, 287 students. These surveys included a reading test for the students and information about the students collected from the teachers, including participation in instruction in Swedish as a second language and in their mother tongues. Students of immigrant origin in Sweden are offered the possibility to participate in instruction in Swedish as a second language and in instruction in the student's mother tongue. No obvious trends over time in the participation in Swedish as a second language and mother tongue instruction were found in the four municipalities on the tests we gave, in spite of national trends. There was no difference in results on the reading tests in Swedish between those students who participated in mother tongue instruction and those who did not, but there was a difference in test results between those who participated in Swedish as a second language and those who did not. Those who did not participate (in Swedish as a second language instruction) did, on average, score higher on the test. When different language groups are compared, it can be noted that a majority in all groups of immigrant students neither participate in Swedish as a second language nor in mother tongue instruction. However, there are important differences between boys and girls and between language groups. Girls seemed to be more willing than boys to participate in voluntary mother tongue instruction, while boys more often than girls had to participate in compulsory lessons in Swedish as a second language.
|
|
| 9. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Reading and students’ well-being
- 2006
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mid Sweden University and Kalmar University have organised studies on reading skills among students in grade 8 in Ekerö, Härnösand, Kristianstad, Nacka, Sollentuna and Tyresö. These studies have included a reading test and a questionnaire where the students have been asked to give information about themselves, their schooling and their motivation. Some of the questions have dealt with the students feeling of well-being in relation to their schools, the school work and their class mates. This data is analysed from the perspective of how students’ well-being and reading test results relate to each other. The data is also further analysed from a perspective of gender, students’ mother tongue and ethnical background.
|
|
| 10. |
- Taube, Karin, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
-
Läsundersökningsprojekt i samarbete med kommuner
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sedan 1993 har Karin Taube i samarbete med ett antal kommuner genomfört en rad läsundersökningsprojekt. Sådana undersökningar har bl.a. genomförts i Stockholms kommun, i kommunerna Täby, Sollentuna, Upplands Väsby, Tyresö samt Ekerö. Under hösten 2004 har en överenskommelse gjorts att genomföra en liknande undersökning under 2005 i skolår 8 i Härnösands kommun.Läsning är en central färdighet av betydelse för elevernas fortsatta skolgång och för deras möjligheter att lyckas på arbetsmarknaden. Utifrån detta perspektiv har flera kommuner bedömt det som mycket viktigt att utvärdera och noggrant följa upp hur elevernas läsfärdigheter i kommunen utvecklas. De läsundersökningar som genomförts har gett de deltagande kommunerna en möjlighet att följa hur elevernas läsfärdighet ser ut i kommunen samtidigt som resultaten har kunnat jämföras med andra kommuner. Genom att de lästest som har använts i de olika undersökningarna bygger på det internationellt utprövade testet som användes i den stora internationella undersökningen IEA Reading Literacy 1991 har också en jämförelse kunnat göras med ett nationellt urval av elever som deltog i denna undersökning.Insamlade data har också kunnat användas för vidare analyser. Utifrån de insamlade data har ett antal specialstudier genomförts kring läsning bland elever med invandrarbakgrund, åldersblandade klasser och användning av olika läsinlärningsmetoder. Planer finns på fler studier som bygger på insamlade data. På detta sätt har undersökningarna fyllt det dubbla syftet att både ge kommunerna kunskap om läsfärdigheter bland kommunens elever och att ge forskarna en möjlighet till fördjupade analyser kring läsning och därmed relaterade frågor.
|
|
