| 1. |
- Boye, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Walk this way : Spatial grounding for city exploration
- 2014
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Ingår i: Natural interaction with robots, knowbots and smartphones. - New York, NY : Springer-Verlag. - 9781461482796 ; , s. 59-67
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently there has been an interest in spatially aware systems for pedestrian routing and city exploration, due to the proliferation of smartphones with GPS receivers among the general public. Since GPS readings are noisy, giving good and well-timed route instructions to pedestrians is a challenging problem. This paper describes a spoken-dialogue prototype for pedestrian navigation in Stockholm that addresses this problem by using various grounding strategies.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Braesel, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Three Redundant Synthetases Secure Redox-Active Pigment Production in the Basidiomycete Paxillus involutus.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Chemistry and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1301 .- 1074-5521. ; 22:10, s. 1325-1334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The symbiotic fungus Paxillus involutus serves a critical role in maintaining forest ecosystems, which are carbon sinks of global importance. P. involutus produces involutin and other 2,5-diarylcyclopentenone pigments that presumably assist in the oxidative degradation of lignocellulose via Fenton chemistry. Their precise biosynthetic pathways, however, remain obscure. Using a combination of biochemical, genetic, and transcriptomic analyses, in addition to stable-isotope labeling with synthetic precursors, we show that atromentin is the key intermediate. Atromentin is made by tridomain synthetases of high similarity: InvA1, InvA2, and InvA5. An inactive atromentin synthetase, InvA3, gained activity after a domain swap that replaced its native thioesterase domain with that of InvA5. The found degree of multiplex biosynthetic capacity is unprecedented with fungi, and highlights the great importance of the metabolite for the producer.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Götze, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Deriving Salience Models from Human Route Directions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Workshop on Computational Models of Spatial Language Interpretation and Generation 2013. - 9781627484015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an approach to derive individual preferences in the use of landmarks for route instructions in a city environment. Each possible landmark that a person can refer to in a given situation is modelled as a feature vector, and the preference (or salience) associated with the landmark can be computed as a weighted sum of these features. The weight vector, representing the person's personal salience model, is automatically derived from the person's own route descriptions. Experiments show that the derived salience models can correctly predict the user's choice of landmark in 69% of the cases.
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| 6. |
- Götze, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Landmark Salience Models from Users' Route Instructions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Location Based Services. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-9725 .- 1748-9733. ; 10:1, s. 47-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Route instructions for pedestrians are usually better understood if they include references to landmarks, and moreover, these landmarks should be as salient as possible. In this paper, we present an approach for automatically deriving a mathematical model of salience directly from route instructions given by humans. Each possible landmark that a person can refer to in a given situation is modelled as a feature vector, and the salience associated with each landmark can be computed as a weighted sum of these features. We use a ranking SVM method to derive the weights from route instructions given by humans as they are walking the route. The weight vector, representing the person’s personal salience model, determines which landmark(s) are most appropriate to refer to in new situations.
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| 7. |
- Götze, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Reference resolution for pedestrian wayfinding systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: 20th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science, 2017. - Cham : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 9783319472881 - 9783319567587 ; , s. 59-75
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- References to objects in our physical environment are common especially in language about wayfinding. Advanced wayfinding systems that interact with the pedestrian bymeans of (spoken) natural language therefore need to be able to resolve references given by pedestrians (i.e. understand what entity the pedestrian is referring to). The contribution of this paper is a probabilistic approach to reference resolution in a large-scale, real city environment, where the context changes constantly as the pedestrians are moving. The geographic situation, including information about objects’ location and type, is represented using OpenStreetMap data.
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| 8. |
- Götze, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Resolving spatial references using crowdsourced geographical data
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics, NODALIDA 2015. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. ; , s. 61-68
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a study in which we seek to interpret spatial references that are part of in-situ route descriptions. Our aim is to resolve these references to actual entities and places in the city using a crowdsourced geographic database (OpenStreetMap). We discuss the problems related to this task, and present a possible automatic reference resolution method that can find the correct referent in 68% of the cases using features that are easily computable from the map.
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| 9. |
- Götze, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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SPACEREF : a corpus of street-level geographic descriptions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'16). ; , s. 3822-3827
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes SPACEREF, a corpus of street-level geographic descriptions. Pedestrians are walking a route in a (real) urban environment, describing their actions. Their position is automatically logged, their speech is manually transcribed, and their references to objects are manually annotated with respect to a crowdsourced geographic database. We describe how the data was collected and annotated, and how it has been used in the context of creating resources for an automatic pedestrian navigation system.
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| 10. |
- Götze, Jana
(författare)
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Talk the walk : Empirical studies and data-driven methods for geographical natural language applications
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Finding the way in known and unknown city environments is a task that all pedestrians carry out regularly. Current technology allows the use of smart devices as aids that can give automatic verbal route directions on the basis of the pedestrian's current position. Many such systems only give route directions, but are unable to interact with the user to answer clarifications or understand other verbal input. Furthermore, they rely mainly on conveying the quantitative information that can be derived directly from geographic map representations: 'In 300 meters, turn into High Street'. However, humans are reasoning about space predominantly in a qualitative manner, and it is less cognitively demanding for them to understand route directions that express such qualitative information, such as 'At the church, turn left' or 'You will see a café'. This thesis addresses three challenges that an interactive wayfinding system faces in the context of natural language generation and understanding: in a given situation, it must decide on whether it is appropriate to give an instruction based on a relative direction, it must be able to select salient landmarks, and it must be able to resolve the user's references to objects. In order to address these challenges, this thesis takes a data-driven approach: data was collected in a large-scale city environment to derive decision-making models from pedestrians' behavior. As a representation for the geographical environment, all studies use the crowd-sourced Openstreetmap database. The thesis presents methodologies on how the geographical and language data can be utilized to derive models that can be incorporated into an automatic route direction system.
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