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- Ekstedt, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Consistent enterprise software system architecture for the CIO : a utility-cost based approach
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. - 0769520561
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously, business operations of most large companies were supported by a number of isolated software systems performing diverse specific tasks, from real-time process control to administrative functions. In order to better achieve business goals, these systems have in recent years been extended, and more importantly, integrated into a company-wide system in its own right, the enterprise software system. Due to its history, this system is composed of a considerable number of heterogeneous and poorly understood components interacting by means of equally diverse and confusing connectors. To enable informed decision-making, the Chief Information Officer (CIO), responsible for the overall evolution of the company's enterprise software system, requires management tools. This paper proposes enterprise software system architecture (ESSA) as a foundation for an approach for managing the company's software system portfolio. In order to manage the overwhelming information amounts associated with the enterprise software system, this approach is based on two concepts. Firstly, the approach explicitly relates the utility of knowledge to the cost of its acquisition. The utility of knowledge is derived from the increased value of better-informed decision-making. The cost of knowledge acquisition is primarily related to the resources spent on information searching. Secondly, the approach focuses on ensuring the consistency of the architectural model.
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| 2. |
- Enblad, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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A Phase I/IIa Trial Using CD19-Targeted Third-Generation CAR T Cells for Lymphoma and Leukemia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 24:24, s. 6185-6194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been effective for patients with CD19(+) B-cell malignancies. Most studies have investigated the second-generation CARs with either CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory domains in the CAR receptor. Here, we describe the first clinical phase I/IIa trial using third-generation CAR T cells targeting CD19 to evaluate safety and efficacy.Patients and Methods: Fifteen patients with B-cell lymphoma or leukemia were treated with CAR T cells. The patients with lymphoma received chemotherapy during CAR manufacture and 11 of 15 were given low-dose cyclophosphamide and fludarabine conditioning prior to CAR infusion. Peripheral blood was sampled before and at multiple time points after CAR infusion to evaluate the persistence of CAR T cells and for immune profiling, using quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, and a proteomic array.Results: Treatment with third-generation CAR T cells was generally safe with 4 patients requiring hospitalization due to adverse reactions. Six of the 15 patients had initial complete responses [4/11 lymphoma and 2/4 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)], and 3 of the patients with lymphoma were in remission at 3 months. Two patients are still alive. Best predictor of response was a good immune status prior to CAR infusion with high IL12, DC-Lamp, Fas ligand, and TRAIL. Responding patients had low monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs; CD14(+)CD33(+)HLA(-)DR(-)) and low levels of IL6, IL8, NAP3, sPDL1, and sPDL2.Conclusions: Third-generation CARs may be efficient in patients with advanced B-cell lymphoproliferative malignancy with only modest toxicity. Immune profiling pre- and posttreatment can be used to find response biomarkers.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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A method for assessing the business value of information system scenarios with an estimated credibility of the result
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Services Technology and Management. - 1460-6720 .- 1741-525X. ; 13:1-2, s. 105-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method for assessing the business value of information system scenarios. The purpose of the method is to provide information system decision makers with high quality information about potential future scenarios at a relative low cost of investigation. The method features three frameworks; one for functional assessments of information system scenarios, one for non-functional assessments of information system scenarios and finally a general business value taxonomy. The former two serve as an input structure to the latter one. The business various concepts in the business value taxonomy were prioritised by business managers to reflect the organisation's business needs. A problem with estimating the business value of an information system scenario is that it is a very complex undertaking; there are a vast number of aspects that need to be assessed in order to get a correct result. To be cost efficient all of these aspects cannot be addressed so the results of the method will inevitably contain a degree of uncertainty. The method thus also provides an estimate of the uncertainty of its results. The method has been tested in a comprehensive case study at a large European power company.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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An IT management assessment framework : Evaluating enterprise architecture scenarios
- 2007
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Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 5:4, s. 415-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enterprise architecture, EA, is an established approach for the model-based and holistic management of IT. The scope of EA is however wide and the predominant EA frameworks suggest the creation of broad and detailed models. IT management cannot control all areas spanned by the present frameworks for EA models. In order to ensure well-informed decisions, IT management has a series of questions that need to be answered. This paper proposes an assessment framework that can be used to identify relevant questions for assessments of EA and EA scenarios, within the areas of EA that IT management can control. Three top dimensions in the proposed framework are presented: IT organization, IT systems, and Business organization. The framework further includes sub dimensions for identifying questions. An application of the assessment framework, as it was applied to assess EA scenarios in a power company, is also described.
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| 7. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Architecture scenario analysis - Estimating the credibility of the results
- 2007
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Ingår i: 17th Annual International Symposium of the International Council on Systems Engineering, INCOSE 2007 - Systems Engineering. - : The International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE). - 9781605601199 ; , s. 750-764
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Good decision support requires good information. A key aspect of good information is that it is credible. Presently, architecture frameworks and methods within systems engineering often lacks support for mediating the credibility of the analyses made. This paper presents a method for enterprise architecture analyses that employs an evidential reasoning algorithm for multi-attribute decision analysis. By doing this, the quality of the analyses as decision support is demonstrated. The method includes an assessment framework, based on established theories, for evaluating architecture scenarios functional and non-functional qualities. The paper also presents a full scale case study where method has been employed at a large European power company.
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| 8. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, 1977-
(författare)
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Business Value Assessment of IT Investments : An Evaluation Method Applied to the Electric Power
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- s the dependence of IS/IT has grown in modern organizations, IT investments have soared in the last couple of decades. Large amounts of money are spent with the hope that the investments will generate value for the business organizations using the systems. It is hence easy to understand the needs for methods to assess the business value of IT-investments. The investment decision is basically about selecting the best IT-system or the best combination of IT-systems, i.e. the system(s) that provides the most business value in dimensions that are important business-wise. However, a problem with many of the avail-able methods is that they often fail to concretely explain what technical characteristics the IT systems(s) should have to achieve the business value desired. A complicating aspect of IT-investment evaluations is also that the evaluations usually include a high degree of un-certainty. In this thesis, an IT investment evaluation method is presented that indicatively assesses the differences in contribution to business value from IT-investment alternatives. The method provides, at a relatively low cost of investigation, indications of not only the technical differences between the IT-investment alternatives in a specific investment situation, but also an assessment of the differences in types and amounts of their business value. The presented method has been applied in a large case study at an electric power company. Furthermore, it also incorporates concepts found within Enterprise architecture (EA), particularly in how the information used in the evaluation is collected. The presented thesis is a composite thesis that, besides an introduction, includes five papers (paper A-E). Paper A presents an outline of the method as well as its application in the case study. It also presents the theoretical fundaments for the criteria used for the technical evaluation and the business value assessment including the method’s applications in relation to Enterprise architecture. The following two papers primarily present necessary steps in the development of the method. First, paper B presents the process to develop a functional reference model (used for the functional assessments in the method), including its application in the case study. Second, a breakdown of the term business value into a set of IS/IT-affected value dimension is presented in paper C. The last two papers present the final steps, i.e. the technical evaluation of the investment alternatives (paper D) and the final business value assessment (paper E). The papers include the methods to perform these analyses as well as the application of the method in the case study and the results of the case study.
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| 9. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Business Value Evaluation of IT Systems : Developing a Functional Reference Mode
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the the Fourth Conference on Systems Engineering.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper an approach to develop and refine a functional reference model for IT-systems is presented. Such reference models form a fundament on which to evaluate the business value of IT systems. The approach involves scrutinizing the functional reference model with respect to correctness, completeness, granularity and measurability. In the particular case of this study, the functional reference model represents systems functionality needed to support asset management processes in industries such as electric energy production and distribution. It is based on the IEC 61968 standard and its Interface Reference Model, IRM, which has been refined in the process described in the paper. The refinement included a comprehensive field study, interviewing experts in the field of asset management at a large European energy company, as well as vendors of asset management systems.A general method for evaluating IT investment scenarios is outlined in the paper and the refined functional reference model is an important component in this method. Creation of this IT evaluation method is an ongoing research project, where the functional reference model forms a central part. The purpose of the IT investment evaluation method is to give decision makers a tool to evaluate potential investment scenarios with respect to the value the investment would generate to the business. The first part of the method consists of evaluating the technical quality of the system scenarios. Technical quality is divided into functional and non-functional attributes, where the functional reference model is used for the functional assessment. The second part of method consists of establishing the business value based on the evaluation of the technical qualities. This paper thus focuses on the first part, and in particular the development of the functional reference model which is a central piece in the IT investment evaluation method.
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