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- López, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Chemical characterisation and dilute-acid hydrolysis of rice hulls from an artisan mill
- 2010
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Ingår i: BioResources. - : North Carolina State University. - 1930-2126. ; 5:4, s. 2268-2277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chemical composition of rice hulls produced in an artisan mill and its conversion to fermentable sugars was investigated. The carbohydrate fraction represented 59.2% (w/w) of the dry hulls. Cellulose, with 36.6%, was the main component, followed by xylan with 13.9%. An important contribution of starch (8.7%) was also detected. The content of ash (19.6%) and lignin (15.5%) was comparable with that of rice hulls obtained in industrial mills. Dilute-sulphuric acid hydrolysis at different temperatures, from 160 to 210°C, was evaluated for production of fermentable sugars. Due to starch hydrolysis, the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysates produced at 160°C was higher than the values that have previously been reported for industrial sorts of rice hulls under comparable conditions. The xylan-to-xylose conversion increased steadily with increase of the temperature and reached a maximum (67.7%) at 190°C. Further increases of the hydrolysis temperature decreased the yield of sugars due to their dehydration to furfural and HMF.
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| 3. |
- Svensson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Hybridization generates a hopeful monster: a hermaphroditic selfing cichlid
- 2016
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Ingår i: Royal Society Open Science. - : The Royal Society. - 2054-5703. ; 3:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compared with other phylogenetic groups, self-fertilization (selfing) is exceedingly rare in vertebrates and is known to occur only in one small clade of fishes. Here we report observing one F-1-hybrid individual that developed into a functional hermaphrodite after crossing two closely-related sexually reproducing species of cichlids. Microsatellite alleles segregated consistent with selfing and Mendelian inheritance and we could rule out different modes of parthenogenesis including automixis. We discuss why selfing is not more commonly observed in vertebrates in nature, and the role of hybridization in the evolution of novel traits.
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