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Sökning: WFRF:(Garcia Danilo 1973 ) > Rosenberg Patricia 1975

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1.
  • Cloninger, Kevin M., et al. (författare)
  • The Health Effects of Anthropedia’s Well-Being Coaching: A 6-Month Pilot Study Among Long-Term Unemployment Swedish Young Adults
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In recent years Sweden had an increased number of asylum seekers entering the country. Asylum seeking can affect the physical and mental health of individuals due to prolonged application processes and waiting times which can lead to inactivity. Physical inactivity is one of the leading risk factors leading to noncommunicable diseases and overall mortality. The Public Health Report Blekinge 2014 states that groups with low socioeconomic status are less likely to be physically active in comparison with groups with a high socioeconomic status. Physical activity contributes to physical and mental well-being, and increases the possibilities for creating social networks as well as being part of the society. The project “Health for Everybody” (Hälsa för Alla) offers physical and cultural activities to approximately 300 refugees who have been granted asylum in the Blekinge region. The activities are conducted with the help of physical trainers, testing staff and community workers. In its current format each group of 20 to 30 refugees is offered training once a week for a 10-week period. The participants’ physical and psychological health and lifestyle habits are measured before and after the program through bioimpedance, physical conditioning tests and self-reports of psychological aspects related to health and lifestyle. We examined the health effects of cultural activities and Well-Being Coaching among long-term unemployed Swedish young adults. While individuals receiving cultural activities only showed a slight decrease in anxiety, those receiving Well-Being Coaching showed significant increases in subjective well-being and decreases in depression, anxiety, and sense of defeat and entrapment.
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2.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • A Pilot Study on Newly Graduated Nurses' Personal Vulnerability for Burnout
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: 31st Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Washington, D.C., USA.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Nurses’ work is characterized by overload and hard decisions. Despite 80% of new ly graduated nurses being socially warm and dedicated, 72.97% lacked purpose and meaning and felt ineffective and disconnected from the rest of the world. Moreover, 51.70% had a personality profile with high risk for burnout and ill-being.
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3.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • A Pilot Study on Resilience (Harm Avoidance, Persistence, and Self-directedness) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • A Resilient profile is low in Harm Avoidance (i.e., relaxed, confident, and optimistic) and high in Persistence (i.e., industrious, perseverant, and hard-working) and Self-Directedness (i.e., responsible, reliable, self-acceptant, goal-oriented, and resourceful). We found that, compared to the general population, only 6.90% of Swedish newly graduated nurses had a resilient profile.
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4.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • A Pilot Study on Temperament (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Reward Dependence) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • One factor for burnout vulnerability among nurses is their temperament profile. Compared to the general population, about 80% of Swedish newly graduated nurses were sentimental, warm, dedicated, attached, and dependent (i.e., high Reward Dependence) and 50% were worrying, pessimistic, doubtful, shy and low in energy (i.e., high Harm Avoidance).
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5.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • A Quantification of Agentic and Communal Values in Adolescents’ Life Narratives
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: 167th American Psychiatric Association Annual Meeting, New York, New York, USA..
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background Life stories emphasize the narrative and self-organizing aspects of human behaviors and complement personality traits in explaining human identity. In contrast to most research on narratives in which the analysis is restricted to the researcher’s subjective evaluations and interpretations, we used computational methods to quantitatively investigate the relationship between personality and narratives events. Meta-cognitive strategies and principles that guide agentic (self-directedness; e.g., being autonomous, responsible and having self-control), communal (cooperativeness; e.g., showing empathy, helping behavior, and social tolerance), and transcendental (self-transcendence; e.g., the sense of being part of the whole universe) behavior were of special interest. We also investigated which pronouns were most common in relation to personality constructs that were significantly related to the narratives. Method Personality was assessed among 79 adolescents at one point in time using the NEO Personality Inventory – Revised (NEO-PI-R) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Six months later, adolescents were asked to write down the most positive or the most negative event that had happened to them in the last three months. Adolescents were explicitly instructed to answer the following questions within their narratives: What happened? Who were involved? Why do you think it happened? How did you feel when it happened? How do you think the involved persons felt? The descriptions were quantified using semantic spaces, a computational method in which the Latent Semantic Analysis algorithm generates a semantic representation of the narratives. This representation was used to study whether it predicted the personality measures. Results Only Self-directedness and Cooperativeness were predicted by the semantic representation of the narratives. High levels of Self-directedness and Cooperativeness were associated with plural pronouns (e.g., us), whereas low levels were associated with singular pronouns (e.g., one-self, mine). Conclusions Agentic and communal values are involved when adolescents describe positive and negative life experiences.
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6.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Affectivity in Bulgaria: Differences in Life Satisfaction, Temperament, and Character
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: The Affective Profiles Model - 20 Years of Research and Beyond. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 127-143
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The affective profiles model allows the comparison between diametrically different individuals, but also the comparison within individuals who differ in one affectivity dimension but that are similar in the other. This line of research indicates that individuals with different affective profiles regulate their emotions in distinct ways in order to adapt their stress levels and achieve greater subjective well-being. Nevertheless, even if some studies among North Americans and Swedes suggest that personality may play a key role in this process, the mechanism behind self-regulation within each profile is still poorly understood. Aims: We investigated differences in life satisfaction and personality traits (temperament and character) between individuals with distinct affective profiles in a population of Bulgarian adults. Method: The sample (see Angelova, Psychol Thought 13:127–145, 2020; Garcia et al., PeerJ 10:e13956, 2022) consisted of 443 individuals from Bulgaria (68.70% females) with a mean age of 34 years (SD = 15.05). Participants self-reported affect (Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule), personality (Temperament and Character Inventory), and life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale). Self-reported affect was used for affectivity profiling: self-fulfilling (high/low positive/negative affect), high affective (high/high positive/negative affect), low affective (low/low positive/negative affect), and self-destructive (low/high positive/negative affect). We conducted both variable-oriented (e.g., linear correlations, t-tests between diametrically different profiles) and person-oriented analysis (matched t-tests between profiles that differed in one affect dimension and were similar in the other). Results: Positive affect was positively related to Persistence, Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness, Self-Transcendence, and life satisfaction (r between 0.27 to 0.56), but negatively to Harm Avoidance (r = −0.40). Conversely, negative affect was negatively related to Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness, and life satisfaction (r between −0.25 to −0.47), but positive to Harm Avoidance (r = 0.42). The diametrical comparisons indicated that individuals with a self-fulfilling profile, compared to those with a self-destructive profile, reported lower scores in Harm Avoidance and higher scores in Reward Dependence, Persistence, Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness, Self-Transcendence, and life satisfaction. Additionally, individuals with a high affective profile, compared to individuals with a low affective profile, reported higher scores in Persistence, Self-Transcendence, and life satisfaction. The person-oriented analyses, however, showed that high positive affect was positively associated high Reward Dependence and Cooperativeness only when negative affect was high (high affective vs. self-destructive) and that high negative affect was negatively associated with Cooperativeness and positively associated with Self-Transcendence only when positive affect was low (self-destructive vs. low affective). Finally, life satisfaction was related to different personality traits for individuals with distinct profiles, the common denominator being high Self-Directedness. Conclusions: Besides replicating past studies regarding the relationship between personality and life satisfaction and affect, our study mapped the personality of individuals with different affective profiles throughout person-oriented analyses. This allowed us to understand more deeply the mechanisms behind self-regulation among individuals with distinct profiles. The development of some personality traits might influence a person’s affective profile only under certain conditions or only in conjunction with the development of character traits.
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7.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Agentic, communal, and spiritual traits are related to the semantic representation of written narratives of positive and negative life events
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Psychology of Well-Being. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2211-1522. ; 5:8, s. 1-20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: We used a computational method to quantitatively investigate the relationship between personality and written narratives of life events. Agentic (i.e., self- directedness), communal (i.e., cooperativeness), and spiritual (self-transcendence) traits were of special interest because they represent individual differences in intentional val- ues and goals, in contrast to temperament traits, which describe individual differences in automatic responses to emotional stimuli. We also investigated which pronouns were most common in relation to personality constructs that were significantly related to the narratives. Methods: Personality was assessed among 79 adolescents at one point in time using the NEO Personality Inventory—Revised (NEO-PI-R) and the temperament and char- acter inventory (TCI). Six months later, adolescents were asked to write down the most positive or the most negative event that had happened to them in the last 3 months. Adolescents were explicitly instructed to answer the following questions within their narratives: What happened? Who were involved? Why do you think it happened? How did you feel when it happened? How do you think the involved persons felt? The descriptions were quantified using a computational method in which the latent semantic analysis algorithm generates a semantic representation of the narratives. Results: Only self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence were related to the semantic representation of the narratives. Moreover, cooperativeness and self- transcendence were associated with less frequent usage of singular pronouns (e.g., me respectively mine). Conclusions: Agentic, communal, and spiritual traits are involved when adolescents describe positive and negative life experiences. Moreover, high levels of communal and spiritual traits are related to less self-focused narratives.
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8.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Dark Identity: Distinction between malevolent character traits through self-descriptive language
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Ninth Self Biennial International Conference. Melbourne, Australia: 25-28 September.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: Peoples’ tendencies to be manipulative, opportunistic, selfish, and callous are reflected in three dark character traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Since individual differences are encoded in natural language, we expected that the words that people use to describe themselves reflected their malevolent traits. Method: A total of 2,374 participants, recruited from Amazon’s MTurk, responded to the Short Dark Triad and were asked to generate 10 self-descriptive words. The first analysis was a word-frequency analysis. In the second analysis, the words were quantified using the Latent Semantic Analysis algorithm, which quantifies meaning by computing the words co-occurrence in natural language. Results: The 2,374 participants generated a total of 25,698 words (2,373 unique words). For each dark trait we found specific words participants used to describe themselves. The quantified meaning of the words and the dark traits showed significant correlations (Machiavellianism: r=.19, p<.0001; narcissism: r=.35, p<.0001; psychopathy r=.35, p<.0001). Conclusion: We found that specific keywords and the dark traits are predictable from the meaning of words people use for self-presentation. Our results also suggest that each of these dark traits is not only distinctive of a person’s identity but also to an explicit awareness of the dark self
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9.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Dark Identity: Distinction between Malevolent Character Traits through Self-descriptive Language
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Statistical Semantics - Methods and Applications. Sikström, Sverker, Garcia, Danilo (Eds.). - Cham : Springer. - 9783030372491 - 9783030372507
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Peoples’ tendencies to be manipulative, opportunistic, selfish, callous, amoral, and self-centered (i.e., an outlook of separateness; Cloninger 2004, 2007, 2013) are reflected in individual differences in three dark traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy (Paulhus and Williams 2002). At a general level, individuals who express any of these dark traits also express uncooperativeness as one common aspect of their vicious character (cf. Garcia and Rosenberg 2016). In addition, people who express different levels of each of these malevolent traits, also express different levels of extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism and other personality tendencies (cf. Vernon et al. 2008). However, these associations are inconsistent across samples (Garcia and Rosenberg 2016). What is even more, besides temperament and character traits, the concept of the self and a person’s identity is also expressed when individuals intentionally describe themselves (see Chap. 8); some might describe themselves as talkative, others as shy, goal-directed, manipulative, kind, loving, and etcetera. The question is, if the words people use to describe themselves express their malevolent character? In other words, is the meaning of these words related to their dark tendencies? Our aim was to find a clearer distinction between people’s dark tendencies by investigating the relationship between how people intentionally describe themselves and their self-reported malevolent character traits. In the first analysis, we quantified the self-descriptive words to represent the semantic meaning of each malevolent character trait using the Latent Semantic Algorithm. These semantic representations of malevolent character where then used to predict the self-reported scores of the Dark Triad. The second set of analyses were word-frequency analyses that mapped the self-descriptive words to individuals’ self-reported malevolent character traits scores (i.e., one-dimension analysis; see Garcia and Sikström, 2019) and profiles (i.e., three-dimensional analysis; see Garcia et al. 2020). The self-reported narcissism score was uniquely predicted by the semantic representations of narcissism. This was similarly for the self-reported psychopathy score; but not for the self-reported Machiavellianism score, which was predicted by all three semantic representations of the Dark Triad traits. At the one-dimension level, the word “sarcastic” differentiated individuals with Machiavellian tendencies, “mean” was indicative of high psychopathy and finally narcissistic tendencies were differentiated by self-descriptive words such as “leader” and “outgoing”. People low in Machiavellianism and psychopathy were both unified by self-presentations such as “kind” and “caring”, whereas people low in narcissism indicated by self-descriptions such as “shy” or “introvert”. At the three-dimensional level, profiles gave more nuanced findings suggesting specific keywords that unify or that make the dark traits unique. Hence, we suggest that self-descriptive words, alongside the computational methods and the profiling approach used here, may complement traditional methods for the identification of a person’s dark identity, which seems to be an explicit and aware part of the self.
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10.
  • Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Dark Time Matter: Dark Character Profiles and Time Perspective
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Psychology. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2152-7180 .- 2152-7199. ; 9:1, s. 63-79
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Humans seem to have a unique ability to consciously organize the flow of time (i.e., past, present, and future) and to intentionally choose goals and values (i.e., character: self, others, the universe). These two parts of human awareness have implications for individuals’ relation to a society that will flourish or perish. In fact, a balanced time perspective is suggested as necessary for the experience of well-being and optimal societal functioning. Nevertheless, low character development might be expressed as a Dark Triad: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate if individuals differ in their outlook on time depending on their dark character profiles. Method: We re-analyzed data from a previous study in which participants (N = 338) responded to the Short Dark Triad Inventory and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. However, here we use the Dark Cube (Garcia, 2017a), a model of malevolent character based on Cloninger’s biopsychosocial theory of personality and in the assumption of a Dark Triad, thus, clustering individuals in eight profiles (i.e., the combination of high/low in three malevolent character traits). Results: The results for each trait suggest multi-finality (i.e., same antecedents, different outcomes) and equifinality (i.e., different antecedents, same outcomes). For example, individuals high in narcissism presented a balanced time perspective when manipulative behavior was also high and psychopathy was low. Conclusions: In certain conditions, malevolent character is associated to a balanced time perspective. Thus, suggesting that in order to understand well-being and optimal societal functioning, we need to look at human awareness in relation to both time (i.e., past, present, future) and space (i.e., character: self, others, the universe).
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