| 1. |
- Wänman, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive Value of the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score for Survival and Ambulatory Function After Surgery for Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression in 110 Patients with Prostate Cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 46:8, s. 550-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) in 110 patients with prostate cancer operated for metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association between SINS and clinical outcomes after surgery for MSCC in patients with prostate cancer. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The SINS is a useful tool for assessing tumor-related spinal instability, but its prognostic value regarding survival and neurological outcome is still controversial. METHODS: We analyzed 110 consecutive patients with prostate cancer who underwent surgery for MSCC. The patients were categorized according to their SINS. Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC, n = 84) and those with hormone-naïve disease (n = 26) were analyzed separately. RESULTS: In total, 106 of 110 patients met the SINS criteria for potential instability or instability (scores 7-18). The median SINS was 10 (range 6-15) for patients with CRPC and 9 (7-16) for hormone-naïve patients. In the CRPC group, the SINS was classified as stable (score 0-6) in 4 patients, as potentially unstable (score 7-12) in 70 patients, and as unstable (score 13-18) in 10 patients. In the hormone-naïve group, 22 patients met the SINS criteria for potential instability and 4 patients for instability. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall risk for death between the SINS potentially unstable and unstable categories (adjusted hazard ratio 1.3, P = 0.4), or in the risk of loss of ambulation 1 month after surgery (adjusted odds ratio 1.4, P = 0.6). CONCLUSION: The SINS is helpful in assessing spinal instability when selecting patients for surgery, but it does not predict survival or neurological outcomes. Patients with a potential spinal instability benefit equally from surgery for MSCC as do patients with spinal instability.Level of Evidence: 3.
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| 2. |
- Blanton, Michael R., et al.
(författare)
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Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV : Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
- 2017
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 154:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and. high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median z similar to 0.03). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between z similar to 0.6 and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs. and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the. Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Grabowski, Radoslaw
(författare)
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Burnt grain and crop cleaning residues: An archaeobotanical contribution to the understanding of 3rd–6th century ad longhouses in jutland and funen (Denmark)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. - : Archeologicke Centrum Olomouc. - 1804-848X .- 2336-1220. ; 11:1, s. 47-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses the composition and spatial distribution of carbonised archaeobotanical material from postholes to identify and delineate agrarian and household activities within settlements. The paper presents the analyses of seven houses/farmsteads dating to the 3rd–6th century AD, which were excavated on four separate sites: Flensted, Skovby Nygård and Gedved Vest in east-central Jutland, and Odensevej on the island of Funen. To infer settlement activities from the distributions of carbonised plant macro remains, the paper defines the various stages of plant processing and carbonisation circumstances. It also discusses assumptions about plant processing sequences and the formation of charred plant assemblages that were made during the analysis. The results show that the distribution of charred plant macro-remains can assist in the identification and delineation of spaces with different functions. The presented cases identify the locations of dwelling spaces, spaces where processed crops were stored and/or used, and spaces where fine sieving of grain was performed. The results also show a similarity between the analysed houses, which suggests the existence of a regional tradition of ordering household space. These patterns also confirm assumptions about mid-1st millennium houses previously made on the basis of other archaeological evidence.
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| 5. |
- Grabowski, Radoslaw
(författare)
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Cereal cultivation in east-central Jutland during the Iron Age, 500 BC–AD 1100
- 2013
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Ingår i: Danish Journal of Archeology. - : Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library. - 2166-2290 .- 2166-2282. ; 2:2, s. 164-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims at presenting a cereal cultivation history for the Iron Age (500 BC–AD 1100) in east-central Jutland (Vejle and Århus County). The developments in cereal cultivation are presented based on recent investigations of material from the Iron Age sites of Gedved Vest and Kristinebjerg Øst, as well as a compilation of 10 previously analysed sites.The combined data show that barley (Hordeum vulgare) was the dominant cereal throughout the period, with a seemingly rapid shift from naked barley (Hordeum vulgare var nudum) to hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare var vulgare) around the year 1 BC/AD. Rye (Secale cereale) is present in archaeobotanical assemblages throughout the period, but secure evidence of its cultivation exist only from the end of the second century AD onward. From the fourth century AD onward, the record indicates that rye may have been utilised as a dominant crop alongside barley.The cultivation of subdominant cereals, hulled wheats (Triticum dicoccum/spelta/monococcum), naked bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and oat (Avena sativa), is also discussed. A reappearance of naked barley during the fourth to sixth century AD is also elaborated upon.Agricultural strategies are assessed based on the material and an interpretation is put forward that cultivation from the fifth century BC to at least the third century AD took place on manured, spring sown fields, which were slowly rotated between cultivation and fallow. The shift toward crop-rotation of barley and rye is also investigated
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| 6. |
- Grabowski, Radoslaw, 1982-
(författare)
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Cereal husbandry and settlement : Expanding archaeobotanical perspectives on the southern Scandinavian Iron Age
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The here presented PhD project explores the phenomenon of cereal cultivation during the Iron Age (c. 500 BC – AD 1100) in southern Scandinavia. The main body of the thesis consists of four articles. These were written with the aim to identify chronological, geographical, theoretical and methodological gaps in current research, to develop, apply and evaluate approaches to how new knowledge on Iron Age cereal cultivation can be attained, and to assess the interaction between archaeobotany and other specialisms currently used in settlement archaeology. The introduction section of the thesis also contains a historical overview of archaeobotanical research on cereal cultivation in southern Scandinavia.The first article is a compilation and summary of all available previously performed archaeobotanical investigations in southern Sweden. This data is compared and discussed in relation to similar publications in Denmark and smaller scale compilations previously published in Sweden. The main result of the study is an updated and enhanced understanding of the main developments in the investigation area and a deepened knowledge of local development chronologies and trajectories in different parts of southern Sweden.The second article is a methodological presentation of a multiproxy analysis combining plant macrofossil analysis, phosphate analysis, magnetic susceptibility analysis and measurement of soil organic matter by loss on ignition. The applicability of the method for identification and delineation of space functions on southern Scandinavian Iron Age sites is discussed and illustrated by two case studies from the Danish site of Gedved Vest. Particular focus is placed on exploration of the use of the functional analysis for assessment of taphonomic and operational contexts of carbonised plant macrofossil assemblages.The third article aims at presenting an Iron Age cereal cultivation history for east-central Jutland, an area identified at the outset of the project as under-represented in archaeobotanical studies. The article combines data from depth analyses of material from the sites of Gedved Vest and Kristinebjerg Øst (analysed with the methods and theory presented in the second article) with a compilation of previously performed archaeobotanical analyses from east-central Jutland. The main results of the study are that developments in the study area appear to follow a chronology similar to that previously observed on Funen rather than the rest of the peninsula. Rye cultivation is furthermore discussed as more dynamic and flexible than previously presented in Scandinavian archaeobotanical literature.The fourth and final article leaves archaeobotany as the main topic. It focuses instead on evaluating, theorising and expanding the multiproxy method presented in the second article by a thorough comparison of the botanical, geochemical and geophysical methods to other techniques of functional analysis currently used in archaeology. These techniques include studies of artefact distributions, assessments of spatial relations between settlement features, and studies of the structural details of dwellings and other constructions. The main result is that there is a correspondence between the functional indications provided by botanical, geochemical and geophysical methods and techniques used in mainstream archaeology. The comparison furthermore shows that a combination of the two data sets allows for more highly resolved functional interpretations than if they are used separately.The main conclusion of the PhD thesis, based on the discussions in all four articles, is that archaeobotanical questions commonly necessitate the assessment of non-botanical archaeological material. The comparison of archaeobotanical data to other segments of the archaeological record does, however, enable the use of the former as an archaeological resource for addressing non-botanical questions. The increased understanding of (mainly settlement) site dynamics resulting from this integration of methods allows archaeobotanists to address increasingly complex botanical questions. Increased and more structured integration between archaeobotany and other specialisms operating within the framework of settlement archaeology is therefore argued to be the preferred approach to performing both high quality archaeobotany and settlement archaeology.
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| 7. |
- Grabowski, Radoslaw
(författare)
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Changes in cereal cultivation during the Iron Age in southern Sweden : a compilation and interpretation of the archaeobotanical material
- 2011
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Ingår i: Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. - Berlin : Springer-International. - 0939-6314 .- 1617-6278. ; 20:5, s. 479-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Macrofossil data from 73 sites dating to the south Swedish Iron Age (500 b.c.-a.d. 1100) have been compiled and analyzed in order to elucidate long term changes in cereal cultivation. The analyses indicate that “permanent field” agriculture was established at the end of the Bronze Age utilizing Hordeum vulgare var vulgare as a primary crop and Triticum aestivum ssp vulgare/compactum, Triticum spelta/dicoccum/monococcum, Avena sativa and Secale cereale as secondary crops. An observed change towards the end of Roman Iron Age (1-a.d. 400) is the expansion of Secale cereale and Avena sativa cultivation. Evidence also suggests that winter sowing of the former commenced at the latest during the eighth, ninth and tenth centuries a.d. The introduction of winter sowing possibly coincided with the establishment of crop rotation agriculture. During most of the Iron Age southern Sweden displays significant regional variations with regards to cereal cultivation practice. There is however evidence that a more homogenous agriculture appeared across the investigated area from the beginning of the Viking Age (a.d. 800-1100) onwards.
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| 8. |
- Grabowski, Radoslaw, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Functional interpretation of Iron Age longhouses at Gedved Vest, East Jutland, Denmark : multiproxy analysis of house functionality as a way of evaluating carbonised botanical assemblages
- 2014
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Ingår i: Archaeological and Anthropological Science. - Berlin : Springer. - 1866-9565 .- 1866-9557. ; 6:4, s. 329-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to describe a methodology for defining functional spaces within south Scandinavian Iron Age longhouses using a multiproxy application of archaeobotanical (carbonised plant macrofossil), geochemical (phosphate, loss on ignition) and geophysical (magnetic susceptibility) analyses. The applicability of the methods is illustrated by two case studies from the site of Gedved Vest, eastern Jutland, Denmark. The approach is described and evaluated from an archaeobotanical perspective, discussing its possible implications for interpretation of carbonised plant assemblages from Iron Age settlement contexts. Possible implications to archaeology beyond the scope of archaeobotany are also discussed
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| 9. |
- Grabowski, Radoslaw
(författare)
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Identification and delineation of settlement space functions in the south Scandinavian Iron Age : theoretical perspectives and practical approaches
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Archaeology and Ancient History (JAAH). - Uppsala : Uppsala universitet. - 2001-1199. ; :12, s. 1-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an overview of methods used in south Scandinavian ar-chaeology for identification and delineation of settlement space functions. The overview includes commonly utilised archaeological approaches, such as arte-fact distribution studies and inferences based on assessment of house and set-tlement morphologies, as well as archaeobotanical, geochemical and geophysi-cal approaches to functional analysis. The theoretical potential and limitations of each presented functional parameter are outlined and thereafter applied and compared using material from five case study sites in east-central Jutland, Hal-land and Bohuslän. The presentation of the site of Gedved Vest in east-central Jutland also incorporates a comparison of two common approaches to geo-chemical sampling: 1) sampling and analysis of soil retrieved from feature fills, and 2) horizontal sampling of soil from the interface between the topsoil (A/Ap) and the subsoil (C) - horizons along a pre-determined grid.
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| 10. |
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