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- Danielson, Johan, 1975-
(författare)
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Anorectal Malformations : Long-term outcome and aspects of secondary treatment
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Faecal incontinence (FI) is defined as the inability to control bowel movements. The causes of FI are many and diverse. One of the more uncommon reasons for FI is Anorectal Malformations (ARMs). An ARM is a congenital anomaly that affects somewhere between 1/2500 and 1/5000 live born babies. Many ARM patients have persistent FI. Several different procedures have been utilised to address this issue. This thesis aims to evaluate (1) the long-term outcome in adulthood of ARMs in relation to the modern Krickenbeck classification, and (2) scope for treating FI with transanal injection with dextranomer in non-animal stabilised hyaluronic acid (NASHA/Dx), in patients both with and without ARMs.All patients treated for ARMs in Uppsala up to 1993 were invited to participate in a questionnaire study of quality of life and function. The study included 136 patients and compared them with 136 age- and sex-matched controls. The Krickenbeck classification was found to predict functional outcome, and ARM patients had more problems with incontinence and obstipation, as well as inferior Quality of Life (QoL), compared with controls. Thirty-six patients with FI, owing to causes other than ARMs, were treated with transanal submucous injection of NASHA/Dx. The patients were monitored for two years after treatment. Significant reductions in both their incontinence score and the number of their incontinence episodes were achieved. A significant improvement in QoL was observed in patients who had at least a 75% reduction in incontinence episodes. No serious complications occurred.A prospective study of transanal injection of NASHA/Dx was conducted on seven patients with persistent FI after ARMs. After six months a significant reduction in the number of incontinence episodes was obtained. A significant improvement in QoL was also found. No serious complications occurred.In conclusion, adult patients with ARMs have inferior outcome of anorectal function and QoL compared with controls. NASHA/Dx is effective and appears to be safe in treating FI in general. This effect seems to be the same in selected patients with persistent FI after ARMs.
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| 2. |
- Danielson, Johan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Outcome after Dynamic Graciloplasty for Treatment of Persistent Fecal Incontinence in Patients with Anorectal Malformations
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of pediatric surgery. - : GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG. - 0939-7248 .- 1439-359X. ; 29:3, s. 276-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Dynamic graciloplasty (DGP) has been used to treat severe fecal incontinence since the 1980s. Previous studies have shown an inferior outcome in patients with anorectal malformations (ARMs). Our experience has been that DGP has been appreciated by ARM -patients. The objective of the study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of DGP in our patients with ARM compared with patients with other underlying conditions. Materials and Methods Twenty-three patients operated with DGP at our institution from 1996 to 2010 were sent validated bowel function and quality of life questionnaires. Eighteen of 23 responded. Seven had ARM and 11 had other etiologies of fecal incontinence. The mean follow-up time was 11.6 years (range, 5-17). Results Four of 7 of the patients with ARM and 8 of 11 of patients with other etiologies used their implants at follow-up. The Miller incontinence score was slightly higher for patients with ARMs, but they had less constipation and higher Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL)- and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores. None of the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion This study cannot confirm earlier reports in which DGP has an inferior outcome in patients with ARM. We therefore believe that the procedure should remain a treatment option for selected patients.
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| 3. |
- Danielson, Johan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome in adults with anorectal malformations in relation to modern classification – Which patients do we need to follow beyond childhood?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3468 .- 1531-5037. ; 52:3, s. 463-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/purposeKnowledge about the functional outcome in adults with anorectal malformations is essential to organize structured transition to adult care for this patient group. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional outcome and quality of life in adults with anorectal malformations characterized according to the Krickenbeck classification.MethodsOf 256 patients diagnosed with anorectal malformations at our institution in 1961–1993, 203 patients could be traced and were invited to participate in the study. One hundred and thirty-six patients replied (67%) and were compared with one hundred and thirty-six population based sex and age-matched controls. Patients and controls were evaluated with both a validated questionnaire as well as a study-specific questionnaire to assess bowel function. SF-36 was used for quality of life. Outcome in nine incontinence-related parameters, 10 constipation-related, 6 urogenital function-related, and 13 quality of life parameters were assessed in the patients and compared to the outcome of controls as well as to the type of anorectal malformations according to the Krickenbeck classification.ResultsThe ARM-patients had an inferior outcome (P < 0.05) for all incontinence parameters, 8 of 10 parameters for constipation, 2 of 6 for urogenital function and 7 of 13 quality of life parameters. Patients with rectobulbar and vestibular fistulas had the worst statistical outcome but patients with cloaca and rectoprostatic/bladder-neck fistula had worse outcome in absolute numbers. Forty-four patients (32%) reported incontinence of stool at least once a week and 16 (12%) had a permanent colostomy.ConclusionsThe functional outcome and quality of life in adults with anorectal malformations are closely related to the type of malformation. A large proportion of the patients have persistent fecal incontinence, constipation and sexual problems that have a negative influence on their quality of life. Structured multidisciplinary follow-up of adults with anorectal malformations by pediatric and colorectal surgeons, as well as urologists and gynecologists is therefore advocated.
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| 4. |
- Danielson, Johan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Persistent fecal incontinence into adulthood after repair of anorectal malformations
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. - : Springer. - 0179-1958 .- 1432-1262. ; 34:3, s. 551-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Persistent fecal incontinence beyond childhood is common in ARM patients. The aim of this study was to analyze a consecutive series of adult patients with persistent incontinence, establish the causes, and evaluate whether further treatment could be offered. Methods: Forty-four adult ARM patients with reported incontinence were invited. Eighteen patients (11 males, median age 40.5 years, range 18-50 years) accepted and underwent clinical examination, rectoscopy, and 3D-ultrasound. Five had previously been treated with secondary surgery to improve continence. Results: Seventeen of the 18 patients had abnormal findings at examination. Eight patients had obstruction of the reconstructed anus. Eleven patients had sacral deformities. Nine patients had a defect in the external anal sphincter and nine patients could not contract the sphincter on demand. Five patients had significant prolapse of mucosa. In one patient, the neoanus was totally misplaced, one patient had a rectovaginal fistula, and one patient had short bowel syndrome due to several small bowel resections. Ten patients were offered conservative and five surgical treatment. Conclusions: This case series of adults shows that a majority of the patients can be offered further treatment. This indicates a need for structured follow-up of ARM patients into adulthood.
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| 5. |
- Danielson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty results in better bowel function and quality of life in adulthood than pull-through procedures
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3468 .- 1531-5037. ; 50:9, s. 1556-1559
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/purpose: The short-term outcome of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) procedure has been reported to be better than after abdominoperineal or abdominosacroperineal (AP) procedures. This study aimed to investigate the long-term functional outcome and quality of life after PSARP in adulthood and compare with the outcome after AP procedures. Methods: Twenty-four patients operated with PSARP at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Uppsala, Sweden, from 1984 to 1993 were identified. They were compared with 20 patients that underwent AP pull-through procedures from 1974 to 1983. The patients were sent validated bowel function and quality of life (SF-36) questionnaires. Sixteen PSARP (median age 21, five females) patients and fourteen AP patients (seven abdominosacroperineal and seven abdominoperineal pull-throughs, median age 32, seven females) responded and were included in the study. Results: The median Miller incontinence score was 1 (range 0-13) in the PSARP group and 10 (range 3-16) in the pull-through group (P = 0.0042). The use of underwear protection and oral loperamide was significantly less frequent in the PSARP group (P = 0.0096 and 0.0021 respectively). The SF-36 scores of Vitality, Mental health and Mental Cluster Scale were higher in the PSARP group (P = 0.0291, 0.0500, 0.0421 respectively). Conclusions: PSARP results in superior bowel function and better quality of life in adulthood compared with AP procedures for the repair of anorectal malformations.
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