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- Berggren, Johan, et al.
(author)
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GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY HAS GREATER EFFECT THAN CALORIE RESTRICTION ON INCRETIN RELEASE AND INSULIN SECRETION ALREADY ON POSTOP. DAY 1
- 2015
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In: Obesity Surgery. - 1708-0428. ; 25:Suppl 1, s. 85-85
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: Gastric bypass surgery (GBP) provokes rapid improvement of type 2 diabetes (T2D) prior to significant weight loss. Thishas been attributed to altered secretion of the two incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependentinsulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Here we studied the effects of very low calorie diet (VLCD) vs. the immediate effects of GBP onglycaemia and incretin release.Methods: Eight T2D obese women and 8 obese controls (C) underwent mixed meal tests (MMT) 4 w before (MMT-4w), 1 day before(MMT-1d), 1 day after (MMT+1d) and six weeks after (MMT+6w) gastric bypass. MMT-4w was performed before VLCD and MMT+1dconstituted the first postoperative meal. Glucose, insulin and incretins were analyzed. Gastric bypass surgery was standardized to a 50cm biliary limb and 150 cm alimentary limb and a 5 cm gastric pouch.OBES SURG (2015) 25 (Suppl 1):S1–S364 S85Results: Despite similar glucose levels, the insulin response was markedly increased at MMT+1d, compared to MMT-4w and MMT-1d(2.4- and 2.8-fold). At MMT+6w a more rapid rise was evident. GLP-1 levels were similar in all MMTs except MMT+6w where anincreased response was seen; this was stronger in T2D vs. C. The GIP-response was higher at MMT+1d, compared to MMT-4w andMMT-1d (1.6- and 1.4-fold). The increased GIP-response was attenuated in C at MMT+6w, but still evident in T2D.Conclusions: VLCD has minor impact on the parameters analyzed; rather GBP per se elicits an immediate stimulatory effect on insulinand GIP levels in response to an MMT as first meal on day 1 after surgery.
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- Fava, Cristiano, et al.
(author)
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Dipping and variability of blood pressure and heart rate at night are heritable traits.
- 2005
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In: American Journal of Hypertension. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1941-7225 .- 0895-7061. ; 18:11, s. 1402-1407
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Blunted nocturnal blood pressure dipping (NBPD) as well as high variability in blood pressure (BPV) and low variability in heart rate (HRV), are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine whether these traits are heritable. Methods: We studied 260 healthy siblings without antihypertensive drugs from 118 Swedish families. The BPV and HRV were defined as the standard deviation of BP and heart rate values recorded during 24 h, daytime (6 AM to 10 Pm), and night-time (10 Pm to 6 AM). The NBPD was defined as the ratio between night-time and daytime BP. Heritability was estimated with a maximal likelihood method implemented in the Solar software package with and without adjustment for significant covariates. Results: At night, significant heritability was found for systolic (33%, P <.05), diastolic (36%, P <.05), and mean (42%, P <.01) BPV. After covariate adjustment the corresponding heritability values were 23% (P =.08), 29% (P <.05), and 37% (P <.05). Daytime BPV was not heritable. The heritability of NBPD was 38% (P <.05) for systolic, 9% (P =.29) for diastolic, and 36% (P <.05) for mean BP, but after adjustment only systolic NBPD was significant (29%, P <.05). Heart rate was highly heritable both during daytime (57%, P <.001) and night-time (58%, P <.001), but the variability of heart rate, after adjustment, was only significant at night (37%, P <.05). Conclusions: Our data suggest that BPV and HRV are partially under genetic control and that genetic loci of importance for these traits could be mapped by linkage analysis. Am J Hypertens 2005;18:1402-1407 0 2005 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd.
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