| 1. |
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An Enterprise Architecture Based Method for Quantified Analysis of IT System Impact on Maintenance Management
- 2009
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method for quantified analysis of the impact ICT systems have on maintenance management. The method is based on Enterprise Architecture (EA) which is a model based tool enabling holistic management of an enterprise?s ICT system portfolio and its relation and support to the business. A domain where the relation between ICT systems and business processes is crucial for cost efficient operation is maintenance of asset intensive geographically distributed processes, such as distribution of electric power. Power utilities invest many monetary resources in maintenance, a large proportion of these investments being related to development and integration of ICT systems. Thus, there is a need for the power utilities to understand how the products of these investments influence the performance of the maintenance process. The degree of efficiency of these investments runs a risk of being low unless there is a clear understanding of how specific ICT system solutions affects the maintenance activities. The suggested method combines EA with the Maintenance Scorecard and introduces Extended Influence Diagrams (EIDs) to enable a quantitative analysis of how cause and effect between ICT systems and the performance of maintenance processes are related to each other. The method provides management support for rationale decisions concerning ICT systemsￜ support of the domain of maintenance management. The paper is concluded with an example of how the method can be applied to a typical maintenance process within an electric power utility
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| 2. |
- Benyon, David, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces of Interaction
- 2010. - 8
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the world becomes increasingly computationally enabled, so our view of human-computer interaction (HCI) needs to evolve. The proliferation of wireless connectivity and mobile devices in all their various forms moves people from being outside a computer and interacting with it to being inside an information space and moving through it. Sensors on the body, wearable computers, wireless sensor networks, increasingly believable virtual characters and speech-based systems are all contributing to new interactive environments. New forms of interaction such as gesture and touch are rapidly emerging and interactions involving emotion and a real sense of presence are beginning. These are the new spaces of interaction we need to understand, design and engineer. Most importantly these new forms of interaction are fundamentally embodied. Older views of a disembodied cognition need to be replaced with an understanding of how people with bodies live in and move through spaces of interaction.
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| 3. |
- Benyon, David, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces of Interaction
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ACM/BCS Visions of Computer Science, International Academic Research Conference, Edinburgh. - : ACM/BCS.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Delannoy, Louis, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging consensus on net energy paves the way for improved integrated assessment modeling
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 17:1, s. 11-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Extracting, processing, and delivering energy requires energy itself, which reduces the net energy available to society and yields considerable socioeconomic implications. Yet, most mitigation pathways and transition models overlook net energy feedbacks, specifically related to the decline in the quality of fossil fuel deposits, as well as energy requirements of the energy transition. Here, we summarize our position across 8 key points that converge to form a prevailing understanding regarding EROI (Energy Return on Investment), identify areas of investigation for the Net Energy Analysis community, discuss the consequences of net energy in the context of the energy transition, and underline the issues of disregarding it. Particularly, we argue that reductions in net energy can hinder the transition if demand-side measures are not implemented and adopted to limit energy consumption. We also point out the risks posed for the energy transition in the Global South, which, while being the least responsible for climate change, may be amongst the most impacted by both the climate crisis and net energy contraction. Last, we present practical avenues to consider net energy in mitigation pathways and Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), emphasizing the necessity of fostering collaborative efforts among our different research communities.
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| 5. |
- Ericsson, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
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Process Improvement Framework Evaluation
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering, ICMSE 2010. - NEW YORK : IEEE. ; , s. 319-326
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper analyzes and evaluates frameworks used in the IT and business domain. The purpose has been to discuss the characteristics, weaknesses and strengths of the frameworks to illuminate how companies can benefit from using them in synergy. Specific strengths within a specific framework such as maturity models and improvement programs have been identified. Many organizations today also use several different frameworks with partly the same content. Therefore, paper concludes by advocating for cooperation between functions using different frameworks based on the similarities identified within this paper to avoid creation of isolated framework islands. To be able to adopt a holistic approach and improve the entire business at an organization it is necessary to develop common methods for similar actions.
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| 6. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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A formal method for cost and accuracy trade-off analysis in software assessment measures
- 2009
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Ingår i: RCIS 2009. - NEW YORK : IEEE. - 9781424428649 ; , s. 295-302
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Creating accurate models of information systems is an important but challenging task. It is generally well understood that such modeling encompasses general scientific issues, but the monetary aspects of the modeling of software systems are not equally well acknowledged. The present paper describes a method using Bayesian networks for optimizing modeling strategies, perceived as a trade-off between these two aspects. Using GeNIe, a graphical tool with the proper Bayesian algorithms implemented, decision support can thus be provided to the modeling process. Specifically, an informed trade-off can be made, based on the modeler's prior knowledge of the predictive power of certain models, combined with his projection of their costs. It is argued that this method might enhance modeling of large and complex software systems in two principal ways: Firstly, by enforcing rigor and making hidden assumptions explicit. Secondly, by enforcing cost awareness even in the early phases of modeling. The method should be used primarily when the choice of modeling can have great economic repercussions.
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| 7. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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A Method for Choosing Software Assessment Measures using Bayesian Networks and Diagnosis : CSMR 2009, PROCEEDINGS
- 2009
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Ingår i: 13TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND REENGINEERING: CSMR 2009, PROCEEDINGS. - LOS ALAMITOS, CA. : IEEE COMPUTER SOC.. - 9780769535890 ; , s. 241-245
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Creating accurate models of information systems is an important but challenging task. While the scienti c aspects of such modeling are generally acknowledged, the monetary aspects of the modeling of software systems are not. The present paper describes a Bayesian method for optimizing modeling strategies, perceived as a trade-off between these two aspects. Speci cally, an informed trade-off can be made, based on the modeler's prior knowledge of the predictive power of certain models, combined with her projection of the costs. It is argued that this method enhances modeling of large and complex software systems in two principal ways: Firstly, by enforcing rigor and making hidden assumptions explicit. Secondly, by enforcing cost awareness even in the early phases of modeling. The method should be used primarily when the choice of modeling can have great economic repercussions.
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| 8. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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EAF(2) - A Framework for Categorizing Enterprise Architecture Frameworks
- 2009
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Ingår i: SNPD 2009. - LOS ALAMITOS : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. ; , s. 327-332
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- What constitutes an enterprise architecture framework is a contested subject. The contents of present enterprise architecture frameworks thus differ substantially. This paper aims to alleviate the confusion regarding which framework contains what by proposing a meta framework for enterprise architecture frameworks. By using this meta framework, decision makers are able to express their requirements on what their enterprise architecture framework must contain and also to evaluate whether the existing frameworks meets these requirements. An example classification of common EA frameworks illustrates the approach.
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| 9. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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Factors Affecting Successful Project Management of Technology-Intense Projects
- 2010
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Ingår i: PICMET '10 - Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology, Proceedings - Technology Management for Global Economic Growth. - New York : IEEE. - 9781890843229 ; , s. 1538-1543
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, engineering and other technology intense businesses are increasingly carried out in project form. This allows better use of scarce resources, a simplified decision-making process as well as specific organization forms being tailored to the task at hand. However, despite these advantages, complex industrial projects often fail in the sense that budgets, time-frames and customer requirements are not met. Organizations also spend lots of money on introducing project models and certifying their project managers. Are these actions really efficient, i.e. do they lead to improved management of projects? The aim of this article is to describe the impact of (i) use of project model, (ii) project manager certification, and (iii) size of organization on ( a) employment of risk analysis, (b) existence of project sponsor, ( c) existence of steering committee, and (d) existence of project manager task description, respectively. This paper presents correlations derived from N=59 semi-structured interviews with project managers of technology centered projects from several countries. Two statistically significant relations were found through a correlation analysis: between the use of a project models and the existence of steering committee and between the use of a project model and the existence of a project manager task description.
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| 10. |
- Ghajargar, Maliheh, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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From "Explainable AI" to "Graspable AI"
- 2021
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Ingår i: TEI 2021 - Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450382137
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), researchers have asked how intelligent computing systems could interact with and relate to their users and their surroundings, leading to debates around issues of biased AI systems, ML black-box, user trust, user’s perception of control over the system, and system’s transparency, to name a few. All of these issues are related to how humans interact with AI or ML systems, through an interface which uses different interaction modalities. Prior studies address these issues from a variety of perspectives, spanning from understanding and framing the problems through ethics and Science and Technology Studies (STS) perspectives to finding effective technical solutions to the problems. But what is shared among almost all those efforts is an assumption that if systems can explain the how and why of their predictions, people will have a better perception of control and therefore will trust such systems more, and even can correct their shortcomings. This research field has been called Explainable AI (XAI). In this studio, we take stock on prior efforts in this area; however, we focus on using Tangible and Embodied Interaction (TEI) as an interaction modality for understanding ML. We note that the affordances of physical forms and their behaviors potentially can not only contribute to the explainability of ML systems, but also can contribute to an open environment for criticism. This studio seeks to both critique explainable ML terminology and to map the opportunities that TEI can offer to the HCI for designing more sustainable, graspable and just intelligent systems.
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