| 1. |
- Björk, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Are occupational, hobby, or lifestyle exposures associated with Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukaemia?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1470-7926 .- 1351-0711. ; 58:11, s. 722-727
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate a broad range of occupational, hobby, and lifestyle exposures, suggested as risk factors for Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). METHODS: A case-control study, comprising 255 Ph+CML patients from southern Sweden and matched controls, was conducted. Individual data on work tasks, hobbies, and lifestyle exposures were obtained by telephone interviews. Occupational hygienists assessed occupational and hobby exposures for each subject individually. Also, occupational titles were obtained from national registries, and group level exposure-that is, the exposure proportion for each occupational title-was assessed with a job exposure matrix. The effects of 11 exposures using individual data and two exposures using group data (organic solvents and animal dust) were estimated. RESULTS: For the individual data on organic solvents, an effect was found for moderate or high intensity of exposure (odds ratio (OR) 3.4, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.1 to 11) and for long duration (15-20 years) of exposure (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.0). By contrast, the group data showed no association (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.27 to 1.8; moderate or high intensity versus no exposure). For extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs), only individual data were available. An association with long occupational exposure to EMFs was found (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 4.5). However, no effect of EMF intensity was indicated. No significant effects of benzene, gasoline or diesel, or tobacco smoking were found. OR estimates below unity were suggested for personal use of hair dye and for agricultural exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Associations between exposure to organic solvents and EMFs, and Ph+CML were indicated but were not entirely consistent.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, NE, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer incidence in 13811 patients skin tested for allergy
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology. - 1698-0808. ; 15:3, s. 161-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. Several studies have shown a negative correlation between cancer and atopy-related diseases. There are also a few reports of a positive relationship. We wanted to further evaluate these relationships in a prospective study. Subjects and methods. The incidence of malignant diseases among adult patients with atopy-related diseases (asthma, rhinitis, urticaria, eczema etc; n=13811), who had been skin prick tested in 1976-1999 was compared with the incidence in the general population. Expected cancer incidence from the date of skin prick testing up to 1999 was obtained from cause-, sex-, calendar-year-, and 5-year-age-group specific incidence rates for the county. These rates were calculated from cancer incidence and population counts obtained from the Swedish Cancer Register. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cause-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRS) were calculated. Skin prick tests were performed with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, horse, dog, cat, timothy, mugwort, birch, and Cladosporium. Patients having one or several positive skin prick test reactions (>= 2+) were regarded as atopics. Results. 119 cases of cancer occurred among 6224 atopic individuals (SIR 1.0) compared with 216 cases (SIR 0.94, CI 0.82-1.08) among 6358 non-atopics. There was a slight excess of Hodgkin's lymphoma cases among atopic men (SIR 4.03, 95% CI 1-10.3), and of non Hodgkin lymphoma cases among atopic women (SIR 4.52, 95% CI 1.23-11.6). However, a large number of comparisons were made which can have caused random findings. Conclusions. The results showed no associations between atopy or allergic symptoms, and subsequent cancer risk, but supported the theory that type-I allergy is not related to cancer risk.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Mauritzson, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Survival time in a population-based consecutive series of adult acute myeloid leukemia--the prognostic impact of karyotype during the time period 1976-1993
- 2000
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - 1476-5551. ; 14:6, s. 1039-1043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A consecutive population-based series of 372 adult acute myeloid leukemias, successfully cytogenetically investigated at a single center between 1976 and 1993, is reported. All medical records were reviewed in order to ascertain the prognostic impact of karyotype, divided into three groups; favorable (t(8;21), t(15;17), and inv(16) irrespective of karyotypic complexity; n = 40), poor (der(1;7), inv(3), -5, del(5q), -7, t(9;22), and complex karyotypes including whole or partial losses of chromosomes 5 and/or 7; n = 56), and intermediate (other abnormalities or normal karyotype; n = 276). The possible modification by age, gender, time period, morphologic subtype, and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on this prognostic impact was also determined. The chemotherapy regimens used were heterogeneous over time but principally the same at any given point in time. The majority of the patients were treated with combinations including an anthracycline and cytarabine with curative intent. Gender, morphology, and BMT did not significantly modify the effect of cytogenetic patterns on survival time, whereas age and time period did. The hazard ratios for the subgroups favorable, intermediate, and poor were 1.0, 1.2 and 1.9 at age 20-49; 1.0, 2.5 and 4.5 at age 50-64; 1.0, 4.1 and 11.4 at age 65-74; 1.0, 1.4 and 2.2 for the time period 1976-1987 and 1.0, 2.0 and 6.7 for 1988-1993. The salient feature of the Kaplan-Meier curves was the improved survival during the later time period for patients with favorable and intermediate cytogenetic abnormalities. The present findings thus suggest that it is mainly these patient groups that have benefited from advances in therapy, including supportive care.
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| 5. |
- Mauritzson, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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The prognostic impact of karyotypic subgroups in myelodysplastic syndromes is strongly modified by sex
- 2001
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048. ; 113:2, s. 347-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prognostic impact of karyotypic patterns in a consecutive series of 389 adult myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) was investigated. Time period did not significantly influence the survival times. In the analyses, the MDS cases were subdivided into the cytogenetic subgroups used in the International Prognostic Scoring System, i.e. favourable [-Y, del(5q) or del(20q) as single aberrations or normal karyotype, n = 241], poor [-7, del(7q), der(1;7) or complex karyotypes, i.e. > or = three abnormalities, n = 89] and intermediate (other aberrations, n = 59). The survival times correlated well with the prognostic subgroups, confirming that the cytogenetic classification was valid. Expressed as hazard ratios (HRs), with the favourable subgroup as the reference, the intermediate and poor subgroup HRs increased to 1.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.1) and 3.2 (2.4-4.1) respectively. Sex, age, morphological subtype and smoking habits significantly modified this prognostic impact. Shorter survival was detected for men in the favourable and the intermediate subgroups, but not in the poor prognosis subgroup. Using women in the favourable subgroup as the reference and adjusting for age, the HR for men was 1.6 (1.2-2.1) in the favourable subgroup. Adjusting for smoking habits as well decreased the HR to 1.4 (1.1-2.0) and, when also excluding cases with del(5q) as the sole anomaly, no significant difference could be discerned [HR 1.2 (0.9-1.6], suggesting that the better outcome for women in the favourable subgroup was mainly as a result of the '5q-syndrome' and to smoking habits. In the intermediate subgroup, the corresponding HRs were 3.0 (1.5-6.0) when adjusted for age and 2.7 (1.3-5.5) when also adjusted for smoking habits. Different survival times between men and women have never previously been reported for this MDS group. Although it remains to be elucidated whether environmental and/or constitutional factors cause the observed sex-related difference, these observations have obvious clinical ramifications, not least in designing and evaluating therapy protocols.
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| 6. |
- Mikoczy, Zoli, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer incidence and mortality of isocyanate exposed workers from the Swedish polyurethane foam industry: updated findings 1959-98.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1470-7926. ; 61:5, s. 7-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To assess whether cancer incidence and mortality in chronic obstructive lung diseases were increased in the Swedish polyurethane foam industry cohort, updated with 11 more years of follow up. Methods: The mortality and cancer incidence (1959–98) experienced by a cohort of 4175 male and female employees employed for at least one year in the period 1959–87 at one of nine Swedish polyurethane foaming plants were investigated. Comparisons were based on calendar year, sex, and five-year age group specific mortality and incidence rates for Sweden. Workplaces and job tasks were categorically assessed for exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI) by occupational hygienists. Results: Fewer cancer cases than expected were observed, but the lung cancer incidence was enhanced in women. Women with "apparent exposure" to TDI or MDI did not, however, have a higher lung cancer incidence than those with "no or low exposure". Moreover, a nested case referent study did not find that polyurethane dust exposure had been more prevalent among the female lung cancer cases than among referents. No increased mortality in chronic obstructive lung diseases was observed in the cohort. Conclusions: Results support the findings from two other cohort studies of an increased lung cancer risk among female workers in the polyurethane foam manufacturing industry. Chance or confounding from smoking are not obvious explanations for the coherent findings. However, the study was not able to link isocyanate exposed employment with lung cancer risk.
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| 7. |
- Mikoczy, Zoli, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer incidence in the Swedish leather tanning industry: updated findings 1958-99.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1470-7926 .- 1351-0711. ; 62:7, s. 4-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedAims: To assess how a 10 year extension of the follow up period affected cancer incidence in the Swedish leather tanning cohort. Methods: A cohort of 2027 tannery workers (of which 482 were women) who had been employed for at least one year between 1900 and 1989 at one of three Swedish leather tanneries, was established. The start of observation varied between 1958 and 1966 for the three plants. Through linkage with the Swedish Cancer Registry, incident cancer cases were recorded up to 1999. Cause specific expected cancer incidence was calculated for 1958-99 based on calendar year, sex, and five year age group specific incidence rates for the counties where the plants had been located. Altogether 56 022 person-years at risk were generated. Results: A total of 351 incident cancer cases were observed compared to 302 expected, which resulted in an increased standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.29). An enhanced risk for prostate cancer was observed (SIR 1.44, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.86), mainly attributable to the later part of the observation period (1990-99). In this updated analysis the previously observed risk excess for soft tissue sarcomas was no longer significant (SIR 2.62, 95% CI 0.96 to 5.70). For multiple myelomas and sinonasal cancer the slight non-significant excesses remained, still based on very few cases. Conclusions: The increased risk for prostate cancer in the present study might be a chance finding, but is noteworthy, since it is in acccordance with the finding of increased SIR for prostate cancer among leather workers in another recent Swedish study. Moreover, excess risks for prostate cancer among farmers have been reported, indicating pesticides as possible causative agents. Leather tanners have also been exposed to pesticides.
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