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- Orsini, N, et al.
(författare)
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Profile of physical activity behaviors among Swedish women aged 56-75 years.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 18:1, s. 95-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess profiles of physical activity (PA) behavior using accelerometers among middle-aged and elderly women in free-living conditions. A subset of 133 women aged 56-75 years from the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort with valid accelerometer data was included in the analysis. The proportion of women who met the PA recommendation of accumulating 30 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), in either one continuous bout or several shorter bouts lasting 8-10 min, on five or more days/week was 31%. The precision of mean daily estimates of MVPA and of inactivity based on 7 days monitoring was 0.80 and 0.86, respectively. On average, participants spent 103 min/day on MVPA, but only about a third of that time was accumulated in the recommended pattern of bouts lasting at least 8-10 min. Obese women had, on average, one bout of MVPA less than normal-weight women (mean 3.6 bouts/day). The mean MVPA decreased 10 min/day with every 5-year increase in age. A low proportion of women accumulated MVPA in the pattern recommended for health benefits. The proportion would increase considerably if women maintained their current amount of MVPA but increased the duration of each bout of MVPA.
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| 2. |
- Bergman, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Congestion road tax and physical activity
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Preventive Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0749-3797 .- 1873-2607. ; 38:2, s. 171-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Large-scale policy and environmental changes, such as congestion road taxes, may be a way to promote active transportation. PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the potential effect of a congestion road tax on physical activity. METHODS: Baseline data were collected during October-November 2003, follow-up data in May 2006, and analysis was performed in September 2008. The short self-administered version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity. Data from those with access to motorized vehicles in the Stockholm region (n=165), where the tax was in place, were compared with those from the Goteborg/Malmo regions (n=138). Within each region before and during the road tax implementation, the data were analyzed for differences in time spent at different intensity levels of physical activity, in addition to sitting, as well as for changes in reported time in overall (weighted) physical activity. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the magnitude of the changes of the intensity levels of physical activity, weighted overall physical activity, or sitting, between Stockholm and Goteborg/Malmo. Among those exposed to the congestion road tax and with access to motorized vehicles, an increase in moderate physical activity (p=0.036); overall physical activity (p=0.015); and a reduction in time spent sitting (p=0.009) was observed. No differences were observed among those unexposed. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study on the influence of a congestion road tax on levels of physical activity, though inconclusive, suggest that policy changes such as a congestion road tax might promote improvements in physical activity levels in individuals with motorized vehicles.
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| 6. |
- Hagströmer, M., et al.
(författare)
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Participation in organized weekly physical exercise in obese adolescents reduced daily physical activity
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatr. - 1651-2227. ; 98:2, s. 352-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the impact of organized weekly exercise for 13 weeks on aerobic fitness, objectively assessed habitual physical activity and body weight in obese adolescents. METHODS: After inclusion and diagnostic evaluation, the adolescents were randomized to either an exercise group or to a control group which lasted for 13 weeks and consisted of a variety of group exercise activities. Out of 47 adolescents 31 (66%) could be evaluated, 16 in the exercise group and 15 in the control group. RESULTS: After the intervention, the exercise group had decreased the daily time spent in moderate activity by 17 (32) min/day (p < 0.05), and the average intensity by 60 (96) counts/min (p < 0.05). A tendency for increased time spent in inactivity was found (37 min/day). No differences were seen in the control group for any of the variables measured. CONCLUSION: The exercise group showed, in contrast to expectations, a reduction in total daily physical activity with organized physical exercise compared to the control group. This may partly explain the failure of many intervention trials.
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| 10. |
- Anderson, Richard G., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Systematic Liquidity Estimators
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 FMA Annual Meeting – Academic Paper Sessions.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Empirical work investigating commonality in liquidity and systematic liquidity risk utilizes various different estimators of systematic liquidity. This paper is the first to compare and contrast such estimators. We distinguish two classes of systematic liquidity estimators that both have many followers in the literature: (1) weighted average estimators based on concurrent liquidity shocks and (2) principal components estimators based on both concurrent and past liquidity shocks. Our results show that the simpler weighted average estimators perform at least as well as the more complex principal components estimators. This finding is robust across different evaluation criteria and different underlying liquidity measures.
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