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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Hakeberg Magnus 1954 ) ;lar1:(hj)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Hakeberg Magnus 1954 ) > Jönköping University

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1.
  • Hägglin, Catharina, 1955, et al. (författare)
  • Dental anxiety in relation to mental health and personality factors. A longitudinal study of middle-aged and elderly women.
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 109:1, s. 27-33
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Little is known about the longitudinal course of dental anxiety in relation to age, mental health and personality factors. In 1968 69 a representative sample of 778 women aged 38 to 54 yr took part in a psychiatric examination. Three hundred and ten were followed up in 1992-93. A phobia questionnaire, including assessment of dental fear, and the Eysenck Personality Inventory were distributed to the participants at both occasions. High dental fear was reported by 16.8% of the women at baseline and was associated with a higher number of other phobias, a higher level of neuroticism, more psychiatric impairment, more social disability due to phobic disorder, and a higher anxiety level. Among women who reported high dental fear in 1968 69 (n=36), 64% remitted and 36% remained fearful. Among women with low dental fear in 1968 69 (n = 274), 5% reported high dental fear in 1992-93. Chronicity was associated with higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, and more psychiatric impairment at base-line. Remission was associated with higher extraversion at baseline. Dental anxiety increased or decreased over time in concert with the number of other fears.
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2.
  • Abrahamsson, Kajsa H., 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Attitudes to dental hygienists: evaluation of the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey in a Swedish population of patients and students.
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: International journal of dental hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 5:2, s. 95-102
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim was to evaluate and test the psychometric properties of the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey (DHBS) in a Swedish sample of different patient groups and students. It was hypothesized that negative dental hygienist beliefs would discriminate between fearful and non-fearful study groups. The DHBS was distributed together with the revised Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS-R) and the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). The study sample included 394 subjects (130 students, 144 general dental patients, 90 periodontal patients and 30 patients on a waiting list for dental fear treatment). The results verified that the DHBS discriminates well between dentally fearful and non-fearful study groups. The DHBS had high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96-0.98) in all the groups. The correlation between the DHBS and the DBS-R was high (rho = 0.82, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the DHBS correlated significantly with the DAS, as well as with a low but significant correlation to age (more negative attitudes in younger age groups) and gender (more negative attitudes amongst women). Regression analysis showed that gender and the DHBS items: 23, 16 and 28, i.e. items related to feeling helpless, worries/fears not being taken seriously and fear about 'bad news' possibly preventing treatment, were the most important predictors of dental fear. The results suggest that the DHBS may be a valid and reliable scale to use in order to assess patient's specific attitudes to dental hygienists. However, the psychometric properties including test-retest analysis and the underlying factor structure of the DHBS need to be further explored.
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3.
  • Abrahamsson, Kajsa H., 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Dental beliefs: evaluation of the Swedish version of the revised Dental Beliefs Survey in different patient groups and in a non-clinical student sample.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 114:3, s. 209-15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to evaluate and to test the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the revised Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS-R) in different patient groups and in a non-clinical sample of students. It was hypothesized that negative dental beliefs, assessed using the DBS-R, would discriminate between fearful and non-fearful study groups. The questionnaire was distributed together with the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). The sample included 550 adults who responded to the questionnaires (206 students, 177 general dental patients, 105 periodontal patients and 62 patients at a waiting list for dental-fear treatment). The internal drop-out rate was low. The results confirmed that the DBS-R discriminates well between fearful patients and the other study groups. The DBS-R had a high internal consistency in all the study groups. Furthermore, the DBS-R correlated significantly with age (higher values in younger age groups) and the DAS. Regression analyses showed that the DBS-R subdimensions of 'communication' and 'control'/or 'trust', respectively, were significant predictors for dental fear. The results suggest that the DBS-R is a reliable and valid instrument for use in different Swedish patient- and non-clinical population groups in order to assess attitudes to dentists. However, the underlying factor structure of the DBS-R needs to be further explored and established.
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4.
  • Abrahamsson, Kajsa H., 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Phobic avoidance and regular dental care in fearful dental patients: a comparative study.
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 16, s. 188-196
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present investigation was a comparative study of 169 highly fearful dental patients, some of whom received regular dental care (n = 28) and some who never, or only when absolutely necessary, utilized dental care (n = 141). It was hypothesized that phobic avoidance is related to anticipatory stress and anxiety reactions, negative oral health effects, psychological distress, and negative social consequences. Background factors (sex, age, education, and dental attendance pattern), dental anxiety, general fears, general state and trait anxiety, mood states, depression, and quality of life effects were studied. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and with exploratory factor and multiple logistic regression analysis. It was shown that dental anxiety is significantly higher among the avoiders and this is in particular evident for anticipatory dental anxiety. Oral health differed between the groups, and it was shown that avoiders had significantly more missing teeth, whereas regular attenders had significantly more filled teeth. The avoiders reported a stronger negative impact on their daily life, whereas there were no significant differences between the groups with regard to general emotions. The logistic regression analysis showed that phobic avoidance was predicted only by anticipated dental anxiety and missing teeth. It was concluded that differences between high dental fear patients with regular dental care and phobic avoidance were mainly related to anticipated fear and anxiety, oral health effects, and concomitant negative life consequences. These results are discussed in terms of subjective stress, negative cognitions, social support, and coping-strategies.
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5.
  • Abrahamsson, Kajsa H., 1956, et al. (författare)
  • The importance of dental beliefs for the outcome of dental-fear treatment.
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 111:2, s. 99-105
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study investigated the importance of dental beliefs and the predictive value of the Dental Belief Survey (DBS) in dental-fear treatment. The sample comprised 117 adult patients seeking treatment at a dental-fear clinic. Pretreatment data were collected during a screening procedure, including two visits to the dentist. Outcome measurements were completed after treatment. The dentist rated successful/unsuccessful treatment outcome. Patients unsuccessful in treatment (n = 48) reported more initial negative dental beliefs, while patients successful in treatment (n = 69) showed a larger decrease in negative beliefs between the first and second visit to the dentist. However, these differences were small. There was a significant difference between the groups at visit two. Thus, patients unsuccessful in treatment reported more negative beliefs about how dentists communicate. Regression analyses showed that improved dental beliefs during the first two visits to the dentist predicted dental-fear reduction, while longer avoidance time, female gender, low engagement in treatment, and depressed mood increased the risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome. Our results suggest that the DBS provides valuable information, and that patients' subjective perceptions about how dentists communicate are important for treatment outcome. However, initial dental beliefs were not found to predict clinical treatment outcome.
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6.
  • Ahlqwist, Margareta, et al. (författare)
  • Dental status of women in a 24-year longitudinal and cross-sectional study. Results from a population study of women in Göteborg.
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 57:3, s. 162-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of the study was to describe dental health status among middle-aged and elderly women over a 24-year period. Because of the design of the study it was possible to make both longitudinal and cross-sectional comparisons. The study started in 1968-69 with a combined medical and dental examination of women aged between 38 and 60 years. New dental examinations of these same women were performed in 1980-81 and again in 1992-93, and included new cohorts of 38-year-old women on both occasions. In the cross-sectional perspective, it was shown that the number of edentate individuals decreased significantly during the 24-year period. Among dentate women, the number of remaining teeth and restored teeth increased significantly cross-sectionally. However, the youngest age group, women of 38 years, showed a lower number of restored teeth in the latest study (in 1992-93). There was also a lower number of crowns, root-fillings, and pontics in the latest study for the youngest age group. The two older age groups studied cross-sectionally showed similar numbers in all studies. In the longitudinal study, there was a decrease with time in incidence of edentulism. Among the dentate women in the longitudinal study the number of restored teeth related to those remaining was high (range 76-90%) and did not change much between the studies in the different age groups. There was a clear tendency during the 24-year period in all age groups for more teeth to be restored with crowns rather than different fillings. In conclusion, this population study, with a follow-up of 24 years, shows that dental status improved in that fewer individuals lost all their teeth and younger age groups have more remaining teeth and fewer restorations than previously.
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7.
  • Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of patients with direct conditioned and indirect cognitive reported origin of dental fear.
  • 1997
  • Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 105:3, s. 213-20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study investigated the reported conditioned or cognitive origin of dental phobia in 100 adult patients at a specialized dental phobia clinic. It was shown that a majority of patients reported a conditioned background to their dental fear. Patients' avoidance time and level of dental anxiety corresponded to previously reported data for fearful groups. Individuals with an arousal conditioning etiology of dental fear reported significantly longer avoidance time as compared to individuals with a cognitively learned reaction. With the exception of an elevated level of general fears, most psychometrically assessed emotional reactions were well within normal ranges. However, patients with a non-conditioned, cognitive etiology reported significantly higher levels of trait anxiety and fear of embarrassment. In addition, a separate analysis among women revealed a greater fear of physical injuries among patients with cognitive etiology.
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8.
  • Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of patients with phobic dental anxiety.
  • 1997
  • Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 55:4, s. 217-22
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study investigated a screening procedure for psychologic distress in adult patients with dental phobia before treatment of dental fear. The screening procedure was performed among 191 individuals in consecutive steps and included a medical/dental history, psychologic interviewing, and testing. Data collected during this process were analyzed and compared with SCL-90(R) data. The screening process was successful in selecting individuals without major psychologic distress problems. Among the excluded patients 91% had general symptoms scores on the SCL-90(R) exceeding a normative population mean, and 95% of included patients had a mean lower than an average for psychiatric outpatients. There were statistically significant differences between included and excluded patients on all subdimensions of the SCL-90. Thus, excluded patients had higher levels of psychologic distress, poorer psychosocial background, and more psychosomatic symptoms. This was accompanied by higher levels of negative attitudes toward dentists and their performance of dentistry, whereas no significant differences were found among the dental fear measures used.
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9.
  • Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Factor analysis and reduction of a Fear Survey Schedule among dental phobic patients.
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 103:5, s. 331-8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A fear survey instrument, based on the Fear Survey Schedule-II and five additional fear items, was administered to 109 patients (70 women and 39 men) on a waiting list at a specialized dental fear clinic. The fear survey was analyzed to identify its factorial structure. Five fear factors, explaining 54% of the total variance, were identified concerning areas of "illness and death", "failures and embarrassment", "social situations", "physical injuries", and "animals and natural phenomena". An ad hoc reduction of items was carried out to form a shorter, more practical to use questionnaire, which resulted in factors of four or five items with loadings greater than 0.50. The factors intercorrelated significantly (rp varying between 0.33 and 0.59) and "illness and death" correlated highly with "physical injuries" (rp = 0.59) and "animals and natural phenomena" (rp = 0.56), while "failures and embarrassment" correlated highly to "social situations" (rp = 0.54). Statistically significant, but generally lower correlations were found between each factor and the dental fear measures. The highest correlations were found between fear of "physical injuries" and dental fear. There was also a high and significant correlation between sex and fear of "animals and natural phenomena".
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10.
  • Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Relaxation vs. cognitively oriented therapies for dental fear.
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Journal of dental research. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 79:9, s. 1645-51
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cognitive therapy has been reported for the treatment of dental phobia, but comparisons with other behavioral treatments are scarce. This study investigated the outcome of two modes of treatment for phobic dental fear. Relaxation and cognitively oriented therapy were compared in a sample of 112 adult fearful dental patients. The patient made questionnaire assessments of background and outcome variables, and the specialist dentist rated successful/non-successful outcome. It was shown that a higher number of patients who received cognitively oriented therapy completed the treatment program, while anxiety was more reduced among patients who received relaxation-oriented therapy. Dropout during the initial phobia therapy with a psychologist was related to lower motivation (willingness to engage in treatment), while failures during dental treatment after the completion of therapy were related to higher levels of general fear and anxiety. A multiple logistic regression model explaining 67% of the variance revealed that the risk of failure was only slightly increased by general fears, while patients with low (below median) motivation ran a 3.6-times-higher risk of dropping out. In conclusion, it was shown that the two treatment methods were both effective in reducing dental phobic reactions. However, while cognitively oriented therapy resulted in a higher number of patients completing therapy, relaxation-oriented treatment generally resulted in a more significant reduction in dental fear as well as in general anxiety and fear. Motivation was found to be a significant predictor of successful treatment outcome.
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