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1.
  • Hägglin, Catharina, 1955, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Dental anxiety in relation to mental health and personality factors. A longitudinal study of middle-aged and elderly women.
  • 2001
  • record:In_t: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 109:1, s. 27-33
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • Little is known about the longitudinal course of dental anxiety in relation to age, mental health and personality factors. In 1968 69 a representative sample of 778 women aged 38 to 54 yr took part in a psychiatric examination. Three hundred and ten were followed up in 1992-93. A phobia questionnaire, including assessment of dental fear, and the Eysenck Personality Inventory were distributed to the participants at both occasions. High dental fear was reported by 16.8% of the women at baseline and was associated with a higher number of other phobias, a higher level of neuroticism, more psychiatric impairment, more social disability due to phobic disorder, and a higher anxiety level. Among women who reported high dental fear in 1968 69 (n=36), 64% remitted and 36% remained fearful. Among women with low dental fear in 1968 69 (n = 274), 5% reported high dental fear in 1992-93. Chronicity was associated with higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, and more psychiatric impairment at base-line. Remission was associated with higher extraversion at baseline. Dental anxiety increased or decreased over time in concert with the number of other fears.
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2.
  • Stewart, R., et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Associations Between Oral Health and Risk of Dementia in a 37-Year Follow-Up Study: The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg
  • 2015
  • record:In_t: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614. ; 63:1, s. 100-105
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • ObjectivesTo investigate the association between incident dementia and previous number of teeth measured over a long interval. ParticipantsWomen with (n=158) and without (n=539) dementia in 2000 to 2005. MeasurementsTooth counts in 1968-69, 1980-81, and 1992-93. Covariates included age, education, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, blood pressure, body mass index, and cholesterol level. ResultsAfter adjustment for age, odds ratios (ORs) for dementia in 2000-05, comparing first with fourth tooth count quartiles, were 1.81 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-3.19) for tooth counts measured in 1968, 2.25 (95% CI=1.18-4.32) for those in 1980, and 1.99 (0.92-4.30) for those in 1992. After further adjustment for education, ORs were 1.40 (95% CI=1.03-3.19) for 1968, 1.96 (95% CI=0.98-3.95) for 1980, and 1.59 (95% CI=0.71-3.53) for 1992, and after additional adjustment for vascular risk factors, ORs were 1.38 (95% CI=0.74-2.58) for 1968, 2.09 (95% CI=1.01-4.32) for 1980, and 1.61 (95% CI=0.70-3.68) for 1992. ConclusionIn most of the analyses, lower tooth count was not associated with dementia, although a significant association was found for one of the three examinations. Further research may benefit from more-direct measures of dental and periodontal disease.
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3.
  • Ahlqwist, Margareta, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Dental status of women in a 24-year longitudinal and cross-sectional study. Results from a population study of women in Göteborg.
  • 1999
  • record:In_t: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 57:3, s. 162-7
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The aim of the study was to describe dental health status among middle-aged and elderly women over a 24-year period. Because of the design of the study it was possible to make both longitudinal and cross-sectional comparisons. The study started in 1968-69 with a combined medical and dental examination of women aged between 38 and 60 years. New dental examinations of these same women were performed in 1980-81 and again in 1992-93, and included new cohorts of 38-year-old women on both occasions. In the cross-sectional perspective, it was shown that the number of edentate individuals decreased significantly during the 24-year period. Among dentate women, the number of remaining teeth and restored teeth increased significantly cross-sectionally. However, the youngest age group, women of 38 years, showed a lower number of restored teeth in the latest study (in 1992-93). There was also a lower number of crowns, root-fillings, and pontics in the latest study for the youngest age group. The two older age groups studied cross-sectionally showed similar numbers in all studies. In the longitudinal study, there was a decrease with time in incidence of edentulism. Among the dentate women in the longitudinal study the number of restored teeth related to those remaining was high (range 76-90%) and did not change much between the studies in the different age groups. There was a clear tendency during the 24-year period in all age groups for more teeth to be restored with crowns rather than different fillings. In conclusion, this population study, with a follow-up of 24 years, shows that dental status improved in that fewer individuals lost all their teeth and younger age groups have more remaining teeth and fewer restorations than previously.
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4.
  • Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Assessment of patients with direct conditioned and indirect cognitive reported origin of dental fear.
  • 1997
  • record:In_t: European journal of oral sciences. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 105:3, s. 213-20
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • This study investigated the reported conditioned or cognitive origin of dental phobia in 100 adult patients at a specialized dental phobia clinic. It was shown that a majority of patients reported a conditioned background to their dental fear. Patients' avoidance time and level of dental anxiety corresponded to previously reported data for fearful groups. Individuals with an arousal conditioning etiology of dental fear reported significantly longer avoidance time as compared to individuals with a cognitively learned reaction. With the exception of an elevated level of general fears, most psychometrically assessed emotional reactions were well within normal ranges. However, patients with a non-conditioned, cognitive etiology reported significantly higher levels of trait anxiety and fear of embarrassment. In addition, a separate analysis among women revealed a greater fear of physical injuries among patients with cognitive etiology.
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5.
  • Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Assessment of patients with phobic dental anxiety.
  • 1997
  • record:In_t: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 55:4, s. 217-22
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • This study investigated a screening procedure for psychologic distress in adult patients with dental phobia before treatment of dental fear. The screening procedure was performed among 191 individuals in consecutive steps and included a medical/dental history, psychologic interviewing, and testing. Data collected during this process were analyzed and compared with SCL-90(R) data. The screening process was successful in selecting individuals without major psychologic distress problems. Among the excluded patients 91% had general symptoms scores on the SCL-90(R) exceeding a normative population mean, and 95% of included patients had a mean lower than an average for psychiatric outpatients. There were statistically significant differences between included and excluded patients on all subdimensions of the SCL-90. Thus, excluded patients had higher levels of psychologic distress, poorer psychosocial background, and more psychosomatic symptoms. This was accompanied by higher levels of negative attitudes toward dentists and their performance of dentistry, whereas no significant differences were found among the dental fear measures used.
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6.
  • Hakeberg, Magnus, 1954, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Reported burning mouth symptoms among middle-aged and elderly women.
  • 1997
  • record:In_t: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 105:6, s. 539-43
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The aims of this investigation were to assess the prevalence of burning mouth symptoms (BM) in a representative population of Swedish middle-aged and elderly women (n=1017) and its relation to general and oral health status. BM was reported by 4.6% (n=47), and 85% of the BM subjects had experienced BM for more than 6 months. A stepwise multiple logistic regression with BM/non-BM as dependent variable showed that 7 covariates were found to be predictive of BM. These variables were medication with antihypertensives, sedatives and female sex hormones. Moreover, headache, tinnitus, dry mouth, and reduced chewing ability were included in the final model.
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7.
  • Hakeberg, Magnus, 1954, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Structural relationships of dental anxiety, mood, and general anxiety.
  • 2001
  • record:In_t: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 59:2, s. 99-103
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to explore the structural relationships between dental anxiety, mood, and general anxiety among 220 dentally anxious patients who participated in a clinical study. A structural equation modeling analysis (SEM) was applied by using the LISREL program on the hypothesized latent variables dental anxiety, mood, and general anxiety, which were measured by means of several psychometric tests. The final model showed that mood and general anxiety had positive factor loadings on dental anxiety. However, the impact of the general anxiety latent variable was not significant as compared with the mood factor. Another finding was that the residual variance for the latent variable dental anxiety was 0.68, indicating that a major portion of the variance is still unexplained by the tested variables. In conclusion, this study showed a relationship between dental anxiety, general anxiety, and mood among dentally anxious patients.
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8.
  • Hägglin, Catharina, 1955, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Dental anxiety among middle-aged and elderly women in Sweden. A study of oral state, utilisation of dental services and concomitant factors.
  • 1996
  • record:In_t: Gerodontology. - : Wiley. - 0734-0664 .- 1741-2358. ; 13:1, s. 25-34
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The aim of this project was to investigate dental anxiety and its expression in utilisation of dental services, oral health and oral symptoms. In a cross-sectional study of women's health in Göteborg (population 432,000), Sweden, 1016 women aged 38 to 84 years participated. This randomly selected population took part in a series of investigative procedures including medical and dental clinical examinations, interviews and questionnaires. Levels of dental anxiety were measured on the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). The average DAS score obtained was 7.2. The study showed that older women were significantly less anxious than younger ones. Severe dental anxiety (DAS > or = 15) was experienced by 3.9% of the participants. This frequency corresponds well with findings by Hällström and Halling in their analysis of data from the first Göteborg study of women's health 24 years ago. High levels of dental anxiety were correlated with longer intervals between dental visits, poorer oral function and aesthetics and a higher frequency of oral symptoms. Headaches were more prevalent in the younger age groups and a correlation with dental anxiety was revealed. Our previous studies have shown that symptoms such as tension headaches are prevalent among dental phobic patients and that they are reported to be reduced by therapy for dental fear. The clinical and radiographical examinations revealed a generally poorer oral status, with a statistically significant higher number of decayed teeth among women with high dental anxiety.
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9.
  • Hägglin, Catharina, 1955, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Evaluation of a Swedish version of the OHIP-14 among patients in general and specialist dental care.
  • 2007
  • record:In_t: Swedish dental journal. - 0347-9994. ; 31:2, s. 91-101
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to investigate the Swedish version of an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL) instrument, the short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and to assess OHRQL among patients in general dental care and specialist clinics (periodontics, TMD and implant dentistry) in G?teborg, Sweden. Consecutively selected patients were asked to answer the OHIP-14, the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and a questionnaire including socio-demographic, general health and oral health questions. 153 patients (50-89 years old) out of 237 (65%) returned the questionnaires. Cronbach's Alpha among the OHIP items was high (0.93) and the corrected item-scale correlation varied between 0.51 and 0.79. The correlation between the OHIP-14 score and the GOHAI was high (-0.83) indicating good criterion validity. The mean additive OHIP-14 score was 22.6 (SD = 10.5). Implant patients scored significantly higher than other patient groups with respect to missing teeth, dentures and mobile teeth. High scores were also associated with perceived poor general health and dissatisfaction with life-situation. The test-retest reliability was assessed in a separate sample (n = 47) and the correlation coefficient was 0.85. The Swedish version of OHIP-14 demonstrated good reliability and validity. The poorer OHRQL reported by the implant patients reflects the strong association found between OHIP score and dentures and missing teeth, while OHIP-14 did not show similar sensitivity to other impacts of oral disorders.
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10.
  • Hägglin, Catharina, 1955, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Factors associated with dental anxiety and attendance in middle-aged and elderly women.
  • 2000
  • record:In_t: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 28:6, s. 451-60
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to analyze the association between dental anxiety, dental attendance, health status and social factors. Our previous studies have shown that dental anxiety declines with age and is associated with poor oral health. In addition, correlations between dental anxiety, dental utilization and dental status have been revealed. However, the association of these factors with general health and social factors has not been analyzed in our previous studies. In a study of women's health in Göteborg, Sweden in 1992, 1.017 urban women aged 38 to 84 years took part in a series of investigations including clinical examinations, interviews and questionnaires. In addition to descriptive and simple inference statistics, a two-part multiple logistic regression model was utilized to investigate dental anxiety and dental utilization. Dental fear was less prevalent among older women, dentate or not, although 10% of females 62 years of age and older still reported high dental anxiety (DAS > or = 12). 94% of the younger (< or = 62 yr) and 76% of the older (> or = 70 yr) women reported regular dental attendance. When separating all women into dentate and edentulous groups, 94% of the dentate and 11% of the edentulous respondents reported regular dental care. Due to the large difference in dental attendance between dentate and edentulous women, these groups were analyzed separately. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that the following factors were associated with irregular dental utilization among dentate women: high dental anxiety, fewer teeth and restorations, more caries, poorer chewing ability and dissatisfaction with dental esthetics. In the multiple regression for dental anxiety, high fear was shown to be associated with irregular dental care, age (younger), fewer teeth, dissatisfaction with dental esthetics and lower scores on the SF-36 mental health scale. A separate analysis showed that individuals with high fear and regular, as opposed to irregular, dental attendance had more teeth at a statistically significant level, which were less often decayed and more often restored. In spite of the group with high fear and irregular attendance having fewer teeth, their level of decay was seven times higher. Overall, the results indicate a strong association between dental fear and dental attendance. Weak associations were found among socio-economic, dental health and general health factors.
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