| 1. |
- van Rooijen, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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APC resistance during the normal menstrual cycle
- 2007
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 98:6, s. 1246-1251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased serum levels of endogenous as well as exogenous estrogen are regarded to be responsible for acquired activated protein C (APC) resistance. It was the objective of this study to evaluate whether the physiological increase in serum estradiol concentration during the normal menstrual cycle affects the individual's sensitivity to APC. Seventy-two women with normal menstrual cycles were included in the study. Blood samples for analysis of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and APC resistance were drawn at two time points of the menstrual cycle (day 3-5 and day 22-25). Two methods of measuringAPC resistance were used: the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based assay and the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)-basedAPC resistance test. Independent of the method used, no changes in APC resistance were found, even though the E2 concentration increased significantly between the two menstrual phases. No correlations between E2 levels andAPC resistance, P4 levels and APC resistance or changes in E2 concentrations and changes in APC resistance were detected. Ten women were carriers of the factor V-Leiden mutation, Their baseline APC resistance was increased, but their response to elevated E2 during the menstrual cycle did not differ from that of non-carriers. In conclusion, our observations suggest that physiological differences in serum levels of estradiol and progesterone between the early follicular and the luteal phase in a normal menstrual cycle do not have any significant impact on the individual's sensitivity to APC.
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| 2. |
- von Rooijen, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid activation of haemostasis after hormonal emergency contraception
- 2007
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 97:1, s. 15-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hormonal emergency contraception (EC) is a well established contraceptive method, recommended to all women, although the effects on haemostais are not fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether exposure to EC has effects on well established cardiovascular risk factors, and also to examine whether differences exist between two EC treatments. In a prospective randomized cross over design II women used two different EC methods, one with estrogen and levonorgestrel (EE-EC) and one with levonorgestrel only (LNG-EC). Plasma concentrations of haemostatic factors (APC resistance, antithrombin, fibrinogen, prothrombin fragment 1+2, free protein S, factor VII and PAI-I), sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG),the apolipoprotein (apo)B/apoAI ratio and C-reactive protein (CRP) were followed frequently during the following 48 hours.
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