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| 2. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 3. |
- Wu, L.N., et al.
(författare)
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Fluorine vaporization and leaching from Mg slag treated at different conditions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Research. - 1022-6680 .- 1662-8985. ; 753-755, s. 88-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both treatments and leaching tests of an Mg slag sample containing F of 2.15% from an Mg factory in northwest China were conducted in the present study, focusing on problems of F pollutions. By treating at 1000-1200°C in a muffle furnace, F leaching was decreased to a minimum level of 0.49-2.85 mg/l from the Mg slag with an original F leaching of 13.9 mg/l. The F leaching values increased to 4.83-95.5 mg/l, while treating the slag samples in a vacuum furnace. The treatments of Mg slag may thus be carried out in oxidizing atmosphere and under 1200°C to minimize fluorine pollutions and to improve environmental performances of the Pidgeon process.
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| 4. |
- Bang, Han-Sur, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Tungsten-Inert-Gas Preheating on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Al Alloy and Mild Steel
- 2016
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Ingår i: Strength of Materials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0039-2316 .- 1573-9325. ; 48:1, s. 152-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of tungsten-inert-gas (TIG) welding preheating on the mechanical properties of Al6061-T6 and SS400 welded joints by friction stir welding (FSW). FSW joints with and without TIG welding preheating are characterized and compared in terms of their mechanical and microstructural properties. The results show that the TIG assisted hybrid FSW welded joints (TIG-HFSW) provide an enhanced joint strength. The transversal tensile strength of the TIG-HFSW joints exhibited approximately 104% of the Al6061-T6 base metal tensile strength and was higher than that of the FSW joints. Microstructural investigations also reveal that in the HAZ and TMAZ of TIG-HFSW joints, the grains of Al6061-T6 are smaller than those of the FSW welds
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| 5. |
- Jiang, L., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental investigation on BOF slag oxidation in air
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ironmaking & steelmaking. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0301-9233 .- 1743-2812. ; 46:8, s. 747-754
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag contains a significant amount of iron-containing species, which is considered to be iron resources and therefore need to be recovered. In this work, the oxidation behaviour of BOF slag under air (at selected oxidation temperatures and holding time) was investigated to explore the potential of transforming non-magnetic wustite in the BOF slag into magnetic spinel, which may subsequently be recovered by magnetic separation. The experimental results show that the iron-containing spices in the BOF slag can be oxidised into magnetic spinel phases in the investigated temperature range of 1000–1150°C and thereafter be recovered by magnetic separation. The formation of these phases is closely related to the oxidation temperatures and holding time: a higher oxidation temperature and longer holding time lead to a larger amount of formed magnetic species; however, the amount of formed magnetic species decreases at elevated temperature (>1050°C) and with extended holding time (>40 min).
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| 6. |
- Wang, Mengjing, et al.
(författare)
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Wafer-Scale Growth of 2D PtTe2 with Layer Orientation Tunable High Electrical Conductivity and Superior Hydrophobicity
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 12:9, s. 10839-10851
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platinum ditelluride (PtTe2) is an emerging semimetallic two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) crystal with intriguing band structures and unusual topological properties. Despite much devoted efforts, scalable and controllable synthesis of large-area 2D PtTe2 with well-defined layer orientation has not been established, leaving its projected structure–property relationship largely unclarified. Herein, we report a scalable low-temperature growth of 2D PtTe2 layers on an area greater than a few square centimeters by reacting Pt thin films of controlled thickness with vaporized tellurium at 400 °C. We systematically investigated their thickness-dependent 2D layer orientation as well as its correlated electrical conductivity and surface property. We unveil that 2D PtTe2 layers undergo three distinct growth mode transitions, i.e., horizontally aligned holey layers, continuous layer-by-layer lateral growth, and horizontal-to-vertical layer transition. This growth transition is a consequence of competing thermodynamic and kinetic factors dictated by accumulating internal strain, analogous to the transition of Frank–van der Merwe (FM) to Stranski–Krastanov (SK) growth in epitaxial thin-film models. The exclusive role of the strain on dictating 2D layer orientation has been quantitatively verified by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) strain mapping analysis. These centimeter-scale 2D PtTe2 layers exhibit layer orientation tunable metallic transports yielding the highest value of ∼1.7 × 106 S/m at a certain critical thickness, supported by a combined verification of density functional theory (DFT) and electrical measurements. Moreover, they show intrinsically high hydrophobicity manifested by the water contact angle (WCA) value up to ∼117°, which is the highest among all reported 2D TMDCs of comparable dimensions and geometries. Accordingly, this study confirms the high material quality of these emerging large-area 2D PtTe2 layers, projecting vast opportunities employing their tunable layer morphology and semimetallic properties from investigations of novel quantum phenomena to applications in electrocatalysis.
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| 7. |
- Wopereis, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Multimodal Aerial Locomotion : An Approach to Active Tool Handling 10 Author
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE robotics & automation magazine. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 1070-9932 .- 1558-223X. ; 25:4, s. 57-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research focus in aerial robotics is shifting from contactless inspection toward interaction and manipulation, with the number of potential applications rapidly increasing [1]. Eventually, aerial manipulators, i.e., unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with manipulators, will likely take on hazardous maintenance tasks now performed by humans. For this to happen, aerial manipulators must be able to perform all the different operations required in these maintenance routines.
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