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- Pick, Cari M., et al.
(författare)
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Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-4463. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts an evolutionary approach to capture the broad range of human social goals within a taxonomy of ancestrally recurring threats and opportunities. These motives-self-protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and kin care-are high in fitness relevance and everyday salience, yet understudied cross-culturally. Here, we gathered data on these motives in 42 countries (N = 15,915) in two cross-sectional waves, including 19 countries (N = 10,907) for which data were gathered in both waves. Wave 1 was collected from mid-2016 through late 2019 (32 countries, N = 8,998; 3,302 male, 5,585 female; M-age = 24.43, SD = 7.91). Wave 2 was collected from April through November 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic (29 countries, N = 6,917; 2,249 male, 4,218 female; M-age = 28.59, SD = 11.31). These data can be used to assess differences and similarities in people's fundamental social motives both across and within cultures, at different time points, and in relation to other commonly studied cultural indicators and outcomes.
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| 3. |
- Ganiban, Jody M., et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the Role of Personality in Explaining Associations Between Marital Quality and Parenting
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0893-3200 .- 1939-1293. ; 23:5, s. 646-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analyses assessed the degrees to which personality accounts for associations between marital quality and parenting and mediates genetic contributions to these relationships. Participants included 318 male and 544 female same-sex twin pairs from the Twin and Offspring Study in Sweden. All twins completed self-report measures of marital quality and personality (anxiousness, aggression, sociability). Composite measures of parent negativity and warmth were derived from the twins' and their adolescent children's ratings of the twins' disciplinary styles and the emotional tone of the parent-child relationship. Observational ratings of marital quality and parenting were also obtained for a subset of twins. Personality characteristics explained 33% to 42% of the covariance between reported marital quality and parenting and 26% to 28% of the covariance between observed marital quality and parenting. For both sets of analyses, personality accounted for more than half of the genetic contributions to covariance between marital quality and parenting. Results indicate that personality significantly contributes to associations between marital quality and parenting and that personality is an important path through which genetic factors contribute to family relationships.
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| 4. |
- Redfors, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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A framework to explore the role of mathematics during physics lessons in upper-secondary school
- 2016
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Ingår i: Insights from research in science teaching and learning. - Dordrecht : Springer Publishing Company.
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This chapter discusses a framework for analysing the role of mathematics during physics lessons in upper-secondary school. It takes as a starting point that relations made during physics lessons between Reality, Theoretical models and Mathematics are of the outmost importance. The framework was developed to analyse the communication during physics lessons. It was developed during a pilot study exploring the role of mathematics for physics teaching and learning in upper-secondary school during different kinds of physics lessons (lectures, problem solving and labwork). In the overall project observations have been made in three physics classes (in total 7 lessons) led by one teacher. Here the developed analytical framework is described together with selected results from one class (3 lessons) showing how the framework could be used. This chapter describes and discusses the uses of the framework and shows how results on students and teachers usages of links between the three entities Reality, Theoretical models and Mathematics can be brought to the forefront in an analysis of complex physics teaching situations. And, how the framework can be used to analyse the different organisational forms: lectures, problem solving in groups and labwork.
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| 5. |
- Sexton, Claire E., et al.
(författare)
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Novel avenues of tau research
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's and Dementia. - 1552-5260.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The pace of innovation has accelerated in virtually every area of tau research in just the past few years. METHODS: In February 2022, leading international tau experts convened to share selected highlights of this work during Tau 2022, the second international tau conference co-organized and co-sponsored by the Alzheimer's Association, CurePSP, and the Rainwater Charitable Foundation. RESULTS: Representing academia, industry, and the philanthropic sector, presenters joined more than 1700 registered attendees from 59 countries, spanning six continents, to share recent advances and exciting new directions in tau research. DISCUSSION: The virtual meeting provided an opportunity to foster cross-sector collaboration and partnerships as well as a forum for updating colleagues on research-advancing tools and programs that are steadily moving the field forward.
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| 7. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof Yrjö, et al.
(författare)
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Explaining the choice of accounting standards in municipal corporations : Positive accounting theory and institutional theory as competitive or concurrent theories
- 2009
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Ingår i: Critical Perspectives on Accounting. - Camden : Academic Press. - 1045-2354 .- 1095-9955. ; 20:2, s. 141-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal corporations exist in an institutional twilight area, being both private and public, a characteristic, which presumably would be reflected in their choice of accounting standards. The literature of accounting choice does not, however, live in a twilight area, but is fragmented into two main divisions: positive accounting theory (PAT) and institutional theory (IT); only in a very few cases do the theories meet or cross-fertilize. We use both theories in this paper and derive hypotheses from them to explain accounting choices made by municipal corporations. Through testing the hypotheses on a sample of 545 Swedish municipal corporations, we indicate the empirical relevance of both PAT and IT. We conclude by suggesting an integrative approach of PAT and IT in an eclectic alternative. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Hansson, Jonas, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Situation awareness in tactical police interventions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. - : Springer Nature. - 0882-0783 .- 1936-6469.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In extreme situations, the police have limited time to react when a threat or a situation arises suddenly. Situation awareness has been identified as a key factor for success in how tactical decisions are made. This helps the police to perform secure and legally correct interventions and decisions. We collected the primary data from 21 interviews with police officers, supplemented by literature and documents. We analyzed the relationship between tactical methods and situation awareness. The purpose of the article is to explore the relationship between police tactics and police officers’ work with situation awareness. Situation awareness has been studied through the lens of the Swedish police general tactical explanation model. We discuss how the general tactical explanation model provides the conditions for the police officers’ explanations to achieve situation awareness. We conclude that if the general tactical explanation model is applied during tactical interventions there are better possibilities to achieve situation awareness.
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