| 1. |
- Strandberg, Gustav, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Bespoke climate indicators for the Swedish energy sector − a stakeholder focused approach
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Climate Services. - Göteborg : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet. - 2405-8807. ; 34, s. 100486-100486
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change concerns the energy sector to a high degree because the sector is sensitive both to changing conditions for power and heat production, and to changing demand for electricity, heating and cooling. In this study potential consequences of climate change on different parts of the Swedish energy sector were assessed in a series of workshops, where climate and energy scientists, energy systems experts and analysts met with representativesof the energy sector to assess the vulnerability of the sector and consider what climate indicators could be used to assess impacts of relevance. The impact of climate change depends on the energy type. Hydropower, for which production is naturally linked to weather and climate, is significantly impacted by climate change. For other forms of production, such as nuclear power, other factors such as e.g. policy and technology development are more important. The series of workshops held in this study, where different aspects of climate change and consequences were discussed, proved very successful and has increased our understanding of climate impacts on the energy system.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Bellamy, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Incentivising bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) responsibly : Comparing stakeholder policy preferences in the United Kingdom and Sweden
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Environmental Science and Policy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1462-9011 .- 1873-6416. ; 116, s. 47-55
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) plays a central role in scenario pathways that limit global warming in line with the objectives of the Paris Agreement. Yet deliberate policy efforts to incentivise BECCS—whether through amending existing climate policies or introducing entirely new ones—remain rare. In this paper, we contend that BECCS must be incentivised responsibly, through policy-making processes which account for diverse and geographically varying societal values and interests. More specifically, we make the case for responsible incentivisation by undertaking a comparative analysis of stakeholder attitudes to four idealised policy scenarios for BECCS, including representatives of government, business, nongovernmental and academic communities, in the UK and Sweden. The scenarios were: business as usual; international policy reform; national BECCS policy; and national policy for negative emissions technologies. Based on our findings, we recommend that policymakers 1) recognise the need to develop new incentives and make enabling reforms to existing policy instruments; 2) consider the risk of mitigation deterrence in their real world (and not abstracted) contexts; 3) employ multi-instrument approaches to incentivisation that do not overly rely on carbon pricing or 4) force a choice between technology specific or technology neutral policies; and 5) attend to the diversity of stakeholder and wider public perspectives that will ultimately determine the success—or failure—of their policy designs.
|
|
| 4. |
- Brynolf, Selma, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Review of electrofuel feasibility—prospects for road, ocean, and air transport
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Progress in Energy. - : IOP Publishing. - 2516-1083. ; 4:4, s. 042007-042007
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To meet climate targets the emissions of greenhouse gases from transport need to be reduced considerably.Electrofuels (e-fuels) produced from low-CO2 electricity, water, and carbon (or nitrogen) are potential low-climate-impact transportation fuels. The purpose of this review is to provide a technoeconomic assessment of the feasibility and potential of e-fuels for road, ocean, and air transport.The assessment is based on a review of publications discussing e-fuels for one or more transport modes. For each transport mode, (a) e-fuel options are mapped, (b) cost per transport unit (e.g. vehicle km) and carbon abatement costs are estimated and compared to conventional options, (c) prospects and challenges are highlighted, and (d) policy context is described.Carbon abatement costs for e-fuels (considering vehicle cost, fuel production and distribution cost) are estimated to be in the range 110–1250 € tonne−1 CO2 with e-gasoline and e-diesel at the high end of the range.The investigated combined biofuel and e-fuels production pathways (based on forest residues and waste) are more cost-competitive than the stand-alone e-fuel production pathways, but the global availability of sustainable biomass is limited making these pathways more constrained.While the potential for e-fuels to decarbonize the transport sector has been discussed extensively in the literature, many uncertainties in terms of production costs, vehicle costs and environmental performance remain. It is too early to rule out or strongly promote particular e-fuels for different transport modes. For e-fuels to play a significant role in transportation, their attractiveness relative to other transport options needs to be improved. Incentives will be needed for e-fuels to be cost-effective and increased clarity on how e-fuels are linked to existing policies is needed.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hansson, Julia, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS FOR DIFFERENT BIOFUELS AND ELECTROFUELS FROM FOREST RESIDUES-STRATEGIES FOR DROP-IN AND SINGLE MOLECULE FUELS ARE BOTH INTERESTING OPTIONS
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Biomass Conference and Exhibition Proceedings. - : ETA-Florence Renewable Energies. - 2282-5819. ; , s. 333-340
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study compares several forest biomass-based biofuels and some electrofuels, for use in cars and trucks, in terms of economic and climate performance and resource efficiency from a Swedish perspective. Both dropin fuels possible to blend in conventional fuels and single molecule fuels requiring new vehicles and infrastructure are included. Mature costs for feedstock, production, distribution, and vehicles are included. There is no clear winner between drop-in and single-molecular fuels when considering both costs, GHG emissions and resource efficiency, neither for cars nor trucks. For trucks, both single-molecular fuels in the form of methanol and DME (dimethyl ether) and drop-in fuels in the form of diesel based on lignin and from hydropyrolysis perform best (given a process designed to reach high GHG performance). For cars drop-in fuels such as petrol produced from lignin or hydropyrolysis perform well, closely followed by the single molecular fuels methanol, DME and methane and some of the other drop-in fuels. For cars, where electrification is progressing fast, it is reasonable to apply the drop-in fuel strategy. For trucks, either continue with the drop-in fuel strategy or, due to uncertainties linked to new fuel production processes, invest in single molecule fuels such as methanol and DME.
|
|
| 6. |
- Carlson, Johan, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Robot Station Optimization for Minimizing Dress Pack Problems
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 44, s. 389-394
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problems with robot dress packs are one of the major reasons for online adjustments of robot motions and for down time in robot stations. A factory study showed that many robots wear out more than one dress pack per year. The life length variation was in fact shown considerable, ranging from years to only months. The dress packs consist of attached cables and hoses which typically have significant impact on allowed robot configurations and motions in the station. In this paper, we present novel simulation methods for improving robot configurations and motions during off-line programming and optimization of robot stations. The proposed method is applied to a stud welding station resulting in the elimination of several problems related to the dress packs.
|
|
| 7. |
- Hansson, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Review of electrofuel feasibility - cost and environmental impact
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Progress in Energy. - Stockholm : IOP Publishing. - 2516-1083. ; A:2595
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrofuels, fuels produced from electricity, water, and carbon or nitrogen, are of interest assubstitutes for fossil fuels in all energy and chemical sectors. This paper focuses on electrofuels for transportation, where some can be used in existing vehicle/vessel/aircraft fleets and fueling infrastructure.The aim of this study is to review publications on electrofuels and summarize costs and environmental performance. A special case, denoted as bio-electrofuels, involves hydrogen supplementing existing biomethane production (e.g. anaerobic digestion) to generate additional or different fuels. We use costs, identified in the literature, to calculate harmonized production costs for a range of electrofuels and bio-electrofuels.Results from the harmonized calculations show that bio-electrofuels generally have lower costs than electrofuels produced using captured carbon. Lowest costs are found for liquefied bio-electro-methane, bio-electro-methanol, and bio-electro-dimethyl ether. The highest cost is for electro-jet fuel. All analyzed fuels have the potential for long-term production costs in the range 90–160 € per MWh. Dominant factors impacting production costs are electrolyzer and electricity costs, the latter connected to capacity factors (CFs) and cost for hydrogen storage. Electrofuel production costs also depend on regional conditions for renewable electricity generation, which are analyzed in sensitivity analyses usingcorresponding CFs in four European regions.Results show a production cost range forelectro-methanol of 76–118 € per MWh depending on scenario and region assuming an electrolyzer CAPEX of 300–450 € per kWelec and CFs of 45%–65%. Lowest production costs are found in regions with good conditions for renewable electricity, such as Ireland and western Spain. The choice of system boundary has a large impact on the environmental assessments. The literature is not consistent regarding the environmental impact from different CO2 sources. The literature, however, points to the fact that renewable energy sources are required to achieve low global warming impact over the electrofuel life cycle.
|
|
| 8. |
- Karlsson, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
-
Will the Nordics Become an Export Hub for Electro Fuels and Electricity?
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Energy. ; 101, s. 167-193
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Nordics have a huge renewable energy potential, mainly in the form of onshore and offshore wind as well as biomass potentials and can deliver some of the lowest electricity prices in Europe. They could export large amounts of electricity and hydrogen, supplying mainland Europe and abroad. But where and when should wind, PV and green fuel production capacity be built, and what kind of infrastructure is needed? Within the Nordics—who can/will become a net exporter of electricity and green fuels? To avoid sub-optimal solutions, some overall analysis and planning may be needed to secure societal benefits and reduce the overall cost. By comparing plans and visions for the build-out of electrolyser capacity, electricity and gas infrastructure, and wind and solar projects, we discuss consistency (or lack thereof) in the project pipelines. Furthermore, the future role of the Nordics is discussed by comparing scenario analysis from different modelling teams to identify robust conclusions and critical uncertainties. The impact goes beyond SDG 13 (Climate action) and supports e.g., SDG 8 (Decent work and economic growth) by implementing a more sustainable economic system and also offers the opportunity to provide affordable and clean energy (SDG 7).
|
|
| 9. |
- Hansson, Josef, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel nanostructured thermal interface materials: a review
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Materials Reviews. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0950-6608 .- 1743-2804. ; 63:1, s. 22-45
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The trend of continuing miniaturisation of microelectronics leads to new thermal management challenges. A key point in the heat removal process development is to improve the heat conduction across interfaces through improved thermal interface materials (TIMs). We identify the key areas for state-of-the art TIM research and investigate the current state of the field together with possible future advances.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hansson, P. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of local curvature on the interaction between hydrophobic surfaces
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nanotechnology 2010: Advanced Materials, CNTs, Particles, Films and Composites - Technical Proceedings of the 2010 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo, NSTI-Nanotech 2010. - 9781439834015 ; , s. 61-64
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface structure, including roughness and chemical heterogeneities, is known to be of importance for the surface interaction forces observed between hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. In this study, silica particles have been used to prepare structured particulated surfaces with a controlled roughness using Langmuir-Blodgett deposition or a drop coating technique. The surfaces were characterized by SEM and AFM. The AFM colloidal probe technique was employed for probing the interaction between a micro-size hydrophobic particle and hydrophobic surfaces with a sintered and silanized nano-sized silica particle monolayer. These measurements indicate that the adhesion force is increased by a decrease in particle size. Larger roughness gives larger crevices on the surface and more air/vapor accumulation but the capillary growth is impaired since the three-phase line (solid-liquid-air) has to move over a longer distance with an increase in the size of the surface features.
|
|
