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- Gustafsson, Carina, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Psychosocial Interventions for People With Intellectual Disabilities and Mental Health Problems : A Survey of Systematic Reviews
- 2009
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In: Research on social work practice. - : Sage Publications. - 1049-7315 .- 1552-7581. ; 19:3, s. 281-290
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study is to provide a survey of systematic reviews that have evaluated the effects of psychosocial interventions for adult people with intellectual disabilities and/or an autistic syndrome with concurrent mental health problems. Reviews for inclusion were identified through searches of 10 electronic databases. The authors found that 3 out of 126 published reviews met the inclusion criteria for interventions, population, and being considered a systematic review. The results imply a weak scientific support for behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and some forms of integrated care and support. However, the primary studies included in the reviews have several methodological shortcomings. The results suggest future research initiatives in the direction of more effectiveness studies of good quality and reproduction of high-quality systematic reviews.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Josef, 1991, et al.
(author)
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Novel nanostructured thermal interface materials: a review
- 2018
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In: International Materials Reviews. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0950-6608 .- 1743-2804. ; 63:1, s. 22-45
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The trend of continuing miniaturisation of microelectronics leads to new thermal management challenges. A key point in the heat removal process development is to improve the heat conduction across interfaces through improved thermal interface materials (TIMs). We identify the key areas for state-of-the art TIM research and investigate the current state of the field together with possible future advances.
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| 5. |
- Hansson, Sven Ove, et al.
(author)
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Breeding for public health : A strategy
- 2018
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In: Trends in Food Science & Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0924-2244 .- 1879-3053. ; 80, s. 131-140
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Plant and animal breeding can contribute to promote human health by providing new and healthier food products that farmers can produce in an economically viable way and consumers will choose to buy and eat. However, this can only be achieved if breeding makes full use of knowledge about nutrition, consumer behaviour, farming and agricultural economics, A strategy is needed for breeding for public health. Scope and Approach: A multidisciplinary group of researchers has developed a strategy for plant and animal breeding for public health. The group includes experts in plant breeding, animal breeding, food science, nutrition science, clinical nutrition, agricultural economics, consumer research, and ethics. Key Findings and Conclusions: An outline is proposed of a strategy for breeding for public health. It aims at improving public health in both low- and high-income countries. To prevent chronic disease, the highest priority should be to develop healthy variants of traditional food items that can be introduced universally, i.e. completely replace the older, less healthy variants. In particular in low-income countries, food products with enhanced micronutrient content are urgently needed. In all countries, crops with improved fatty acid composition can contribute substantially to improved public health. A reasonable second priority is products that may not be suitable for universal introduction but will expectedly be demanded by large groups of consumers. One example could be diminishing the energy density of traditional foodstuffs by reducing their fat, sugar, and starch content and increasing their dietary fibre content, Changes in the current organization of the market for farm products are needed to encourage the production of healthier foodstuffs.
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| 6. |
- Kristiansson, Amanda, et al.
(author)
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The Role of α1-Microglobulin (A1M) in Erythropoiesis and Erythrocyte Homeostasis-Therapeutic Opportunities in Hemolytic Conditions
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 21:19, s. 1-21
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- α1-microglobulin (A1M) is a small protein present in vertebrates including humans. It has several physiologically relevant properties, including binding of heme and radicals as well as enzymatic reduction, that are used in the protection of cells and tissue. Research has revealed that A1M can ameliorate heme and ROS-induced injuries in cell cultures, organs, explants and animal models. Recently, it was shown that A1M could reduce hemolysis in vitro, observed with several different types of insults and sources of RBCs. In addition, in a recently published study, it was observed that mice lacking A1M (A1M-KO) developed a macrocytic anemia phenotype. Altogether, this suggests that A1M may have a role in RBC development, stability and turnover. This opens up the possibility of utilizing A1M for therapeutic purposes in pathological conditions involving erythropoietic and hemolytic abnormalities. Here, we provide an overview of A1M and its potential therapeutic effect in the context of the following erythropoietic and hemolytic conditions: Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), 5q-minus myelodysplastic syndrome (5q-MDS), blood transfusions (including storage), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), preeclampsia (PE) and atherosclerosis.
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| 7. |
- Nordin, Love Engstrom, et al.
(author)
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ESR Essentials: basic physics of MR safety-practice recommendations by the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology
- 2024
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In: European Radiology. - : SPRINGER. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectivesThe use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is safe from a long-term perspective since there are no known cumulative risks for patients or personnel. However, the technique comes with several acute risks associated with the powerful electromagnetic fields that are necessary to produce medical images. These risks include, among other things, a projectile hazard, loud noise, and the risk of heating. Safe use of MRI requires knowledge about the different hazards related to MRI and organizational structured work including the implementation of routines describing a safe workflow from the referral of a patient to the signed report. In this article, the risks associated with MRI are described along with suggestions for how each risk can be minimized or eliminated.ConclusionThe aim of this article is to provide support for the development of, and compliance with, MRI safety routines, and to work with the technique in a safe way. The scope of this treatise does not cover specific details of implant safety, however, the physical principles described can be applied to the risk assessment of implants.Key Points.
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| 8. |
- Nordin, Love Engstrom, et al.
(author)
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ESR Essentials: basic physics of MR safety-practice recommendations by the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology
- 2024
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In: EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY. - : SPRINGER. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectivesThe use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is safe from a long-term perspective since there are no known cumulative risks for patients or personnel. However, the technique comes with several acute risks associated with the powerful electromagnetic fields that are necessary to produce medical images. These risks include, among other things, a projectile hazard, loud noise, and the risk of heating. Safe use of MRI requires knowledge about the different hazards related to MRI and organizational structured work including the implementation of routines describing a safe workflow from the referral of a patient to the signed report. In this article, the risks associated with MRI are described along with suggestions for how each risk can be minimized or eliminated.ConclusionThe aim of this article is to provide support for the development of, and compliance with, MRI safety routines, and to work with the technique in a safe way. The scope of this treatise does not cover specific details of implant safety, however, the physical principles described can be applied to the risk assessment of implants.
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| 9. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Biological and environmental predictors of heterogeneity in neurocognitive ageing : Evidence from Betula and other longitudinal studies
- 2020
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In: Ageing Research Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1568-1637 .- 1872-9649. ; 64
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Individual differences in cognitive performance increase with advancing age, reflecting marked cognitive changes in some individuals along with little or no change in others. Genetic and lifestyle factors are assumed to influence cognitive performance in aging by affecting the magnitude and extent of age-related brain changes (i.e., brain maintenance or atrophy), as well as the ability to recruit compensatory processes. The purpose of this review is to present findings from the Betula study and other longitudinal studies, with a focus on clarifying the role of key biological and environmental factors assumed to underlie individual differences in brain and cognitive aging. We discuss the vital importance of sampling, analytic methods, consideration of non-ignorable dropout, and related issues for valid conclusions on factors that influence healthy neurocognitive aging.
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