| 1. |
- Ekenberg, Love, et al.
(författare)
-
Deliberation, representation, equity : research approaches, tools and algorithms for participatory processes
- 2017
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- What can we learn about the development of public interaction in e-democracy from a drama delivered by mobile headphones to an audience standing around a shopping center in a Stockholm suburb? In democratic societies there is widespread acknowledgment of the need to incorporate citizens' input in decision-making processes in more or less structured ways. But participatory decision making is balancing on the borders of inclusion, structure, precision and accuracy. To simply enable more participation will not yield enhanced democracy, and there is a clear need for more elaborated elicitation and decision analytical tools. This rigorous and thought-provoking volume draws on a stimulating variety of international case studies, from flood risk management in the Red River Delta of Vietnam, to the consideration of alternatives to gold mining in Ro?ia Montana in Transylvania, to the application of multi-criteria decision analysis in evaluating the impact of e-learning opportunities at Uganda's Makerere University. Editors Love Ekenberg (senior research scholar, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [IIASA], Laxenburg, professor of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University), Karin Hansson (artist and research fellow, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University), Mats Danielson (vice president and professor of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, affiliate researcher, IIASA) and Göran Cars (professor of Societal Planning and Environment, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm) draw innovative collaborations between mathematics, social science, and the arts. They develop new problem formulations and solutions, with the aim of carrying decisions from agenda setting and problem awareness through to feasible courses of action by setting objectives, alternative generation, consequence assessments, and trade-off clarifications. As a result, this book is important new reading for decision makers in government, public administration and urban planning, as well as students and researchers in the fields of participatory democracy, urban planning, social policy, communication design, participatory art, decision theory, risk analysis and computer and systems sciences.
|
|
| 2. |
- Brouwers, Lisa, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Multi-criteria decision-making of policy strategies with public-private re-insurance systems
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Risk, Decision, and Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1357-5309 .- 1466-4534. ; 9:1, s. 23-45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes an integrated flood catastrophe model as well as some results of a case study made in the Upper Tisza region in north-eastern Hungary: the Palad-Csecsei basin. The background data was provided through the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and complemented by interviews with different stakeholders in the region. Based on these data, for which a large degree of uncertainty is prevailing, we demonstrate how an implementation of a simulation and decision analytical model can provide insights into the effects of imposing different policy options for a flood risk management program in the region. We focus herein primarily on general options for designing a public-private insurance and reinsurance system for Hungary. Obviously, this is a multi-criteria and multi-stakeholder problem and cannot be solved using standard approaches. It should, however, be emphasised that the main purpose of this article is not to provide any definite recommendations, but rather to explore a set of policy packages that could gain a consensus among the stakeholders.
|
|
| 3. |
- Danielson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-disciplinary research in analytic decision support systems
- 2006
-
Ingår i: ITI 2006. - Zagreb : University Computing Centre SRCE, University of Zagreb. - 9537138054 ; , s. 123-128
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A main problem in nearly all contexts is that unguided decision making is tremendously difficult and can lead to inefficient decision processes and undesired consequences. Therefore, decision support systems (DSSs) are of prime concern to any organization and there have been numerous approaches to such from, e.g., computational, mathematical, financial, philosophical, psychological, and sociological angles. However, a key observation is that efficient decision making is not easily performed by using methods from one discipline only. The case is rather that if real world decision making is taken seriously, several aspects must be included. This article describes some efforts of the DECIDE research group for approaching decision making and developing DSSs in a cross-disciplinary environment.
|
|
| 4. |
- Danielson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-Disciplinary Research in Analytic Decision Support Systems
- 2006
-
Ingår i: ITI 2006. - Zagreb : University Computing Centre SRCE, University of Zagreb. - 9537138054 ; , s. 123-128
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A main problem in decision support contexts is that unguided decision making is difficult and can lead to inefficient decision processes and undesired consequences. Therefore, decision support systems (DSSs) are of prime concern to any organization and there have been numerous approaches to delivering decision support from, e.g., computational, mathematical, financial, philosophical, psychological, and sociological angles. A key observation, however, is that effective and efficient decision making is not easily achieved by using methods from one discipline only. This paper describes some efforts made by the DECIDE Research Group to approach DSS development and decision making tools in a cross-disciplinary way.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
A framework for evaluation of flood management strategies
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 86:3, s. 465-480
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The resulting impact of disasters on society depends on the affected country's economic strength prior to the disaster. The larger the disaster and the smaller the economy, the more significant is the impact. This is clearest seen in developing countries, where weak economics become even weaker afterwards. Deliberate strategies for the sharing of losses from hazardous events may aid a country or a community in efficiently using scarce prevention and mitigation resources, thus being better prepared for the effects of a disaster. Nevertheless, many governments lack an adequate institutional system for applying cost effective and reliable technologies for disaster prevention, early warnings, and mitigation. Modelling by event analyses and strategy models is one way of planning ahead, but these models have so far not been linked together. An approach to this problem was taken during a large study in Hungary, the Tisza case study, where a number of policy strategies for spreading of flood loss were formulated. In these strategies, a set of parameters of particular interest were extracted from interviews with stakeholders in the region. However, the study was focused on emerging economies, and, in particular, on insurance strategies. The scope is now extended to become a functional framework also for developing countries. In general, they have a higher degree of vulnerability. The paper takes northern Vietnam as an example of a developing region. We identify important parameters and discuss their importance for flood strategy formulations. Based on the policy strategies in the Tisza case, we extract data from the strategies and propose a framework for loss spread in developing and emerging economics. The parameter set can straightforwardly be included in a simulation and decision model for policy formulation and evaluation, taking multiple stakeholders into account.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hansson, Karin, 1973-
(författare)
-
A Framework for Evaluation of Flood Management Strategies
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the last decades, a great deal of attention has been focused on the financial risk management of natural disasters. The reason is that the economic losses from floods, windstorms, earthquakes and other disasters in both the developing and developed countries are escalating dramatically. Catastrophic events, in particular floods, have contributed substantially to financial and human costs of disaster, accounting for over half of the fatalities and a third of the damages from all natural catastrophes worldwide. It has become apparent that an integrated water resource management approach would be beneficial in order to take the best interests of society and the environment into consideration. One improvement consists of models capable of handling multiple criteria as well as multiple stakeholders. In this thesis, a system approach is applied for coping with complex environmental and social decisions with respect to flood catastrophe policy formation, wherein the emphasis is on computer-based modelling and simulation techniques combined with methods for evaluating strategies. As a consequence, the SEMPAI framework is developed. The framework consists of a simulation model, a decision analytical tool, and a set of suggested policy strategies for policy formulation. The framework is applied to two different case studies and stakeholder workshops and assessments using expert interviews have demonstrated its appropriateness and applicability.
|
|
| 7. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
An e-participatory map over process methods in urban planning
- 2013
-
Ingår i: CeDEM 2013. - : Edition Donau-Universität Krems. - 9783902505309 ; , s. 119-132
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we put the concept of e-participation in a wider perspective. Based on experiences of using participatory process methods in urban planning, we address the importance of communicating underlying epistemological beliefs in various participatory methods. Using eight cases of urban planning, we show how an analysis of the interplay of the concept of agenda, participant, and method can be used when developing strategies for e-participation. The investigation reveals a lack of procedures and methods for actively visualizing different groups’ and individuals’ unequal influence on the participatory processes and decisions. In contrast to the usual governmentally controlled participation models, we propose a map clarifying the epistemological and ontological positions of different participatory methods, bridging various research paradigms and methods while identifying project teams' expectations and common concepts.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Assessment of a Flood Management Framework
- 2008
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall. - 1653-4360. ; 4:1, s. 25-37
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computer models are increasingly being used in society in order to gain an understanding of complex scientific and social problems. Despite a vast quantity of available modelling schemes, policy evaluation still remains one of the unsolved problems associated with flood management. Simulation models are increasingly employed for this problem as well as forming a basis for decision making. However, these models are often stand-alone and generally lack decision support for the evaluation of management policy strategies. We have, therefore, during recent years been developing a multi-criteria based framework (SEMPAI), particularly designed for flood damage strategy assessment in developing countries. The framework consists of a simulation model, a set of coping strategies, and a decision analytical tool. Needless to say, there are many aspects of such policy strategies that must be taken into consideration. In this paper, we assess some proposed features for evaluating flood management solutions through a qualitative study.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Coping with Complex Environmental and Societal Flood Risk Management Decisions : An Integrated Multi-criteria Framework
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 3:9, s. 1357-1380
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent years, a great deal of attention has been focused on the financial risk management of natural disasters. One reason behind is that the economic losses from floods, windstorms, earthquakes and other disasters in both the developing and developed countries are escalating dramatically. It has become apparent that an integrated water resource management approach would be beneficial in order to take both the best interests of society and of the environment into consideration. One improvement consists of models capable of handling multiple criteria (conflicting objectives) as well as multiple stakeholders (conflicting interests). A systems approach is applied for coping with complex environmental and societal risk management decisions with respect to flood catastrophe policy formation, wherein the emphasis is on computer-based modeling and simulation techniques combined with methods for evaluating strategies where numerous stakeholders are incorporated in the process. The resulting framework consists of a simulation model, a decision analytical tool, and a set of suggested policy strategies for policy formulation. The framework will aid decision makers with high risk complex environmental decisions subject to significant uncertainties.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Diversity and Public Decision Making
- 2012
-
Ingår i: World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology: An International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. - : World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology. - 2010-376X .- 2070-3740. ; :0071, s. 1678-1683, s. 1678-1683
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the realm of e-government, the development has moved towards testing new means for democratic decision-making, like e-panels, electronic discussion forums, and polls. Although such new developments seem promising, they are not problem-free, and the outcomes are seldom used in the subsequent formal political procedures. Nevertheless, process models offer promising potential when it comes to structuring and supporting transparency of decision processes in order to facilitate the integration of the public into decision-making procedures in a reasonable and manageable way. Based on real-life cases of urban planning processes in Sweden, we present an outline for an integrated framework for public decision making to: a) provide tools for citizens to organize discussion and create opinions; b) enable governments, authorities, and institutions to better analyse these opinions; and c) enable governments to account for this information in planning and societal decision making by employing a process model for structured public decision making.
|
|
