| 1. |
- Hansson, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Does EU Aid Promote Growth?
- 2007
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Ingår i: The European Union and Developing Countries. Trade, Aid and Growth in an Integrating World. - 9781845422462 ; , s. 188-214
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Hansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Do Multinationals Pay Less in Taxes than Domestic Firms? Evidence from the Swedish Manufacturing Sector
- 2016
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a strong general concern amongst policymakers worldwide that multinational enterprises engage in far-reaching tax-planning activities. It is generally thought that by using transfer pricing or other techniques to shift profits, multinational enterprises can avoid taxation and thereby erode tax bases. Several attempts have been made to tackle this problem, not least through the OECD/G20 initiated Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting. It is hard, however, to empirically quantify the magnitude of tax-planning activities that takes place. In this paper, we rely on census data from tax return and income statements and balance sheets reported by Swedish manufacturing firms in the 1997-2007 time period to identify possible profit-shifting activities by multinational enterprises. We study systematic differences between multinational and comparable domestic firms in tax payments, profits, earnings before interest and taxes, and equity ratios using difference-in-differences estimations based on propensity score matching. The detailed data allow us to narrow down the empirical focus and investigate not only whether multinational pay less in taxes than domestic firms, but also how tax planning activities may take place through transfer pricing and/or internal debt set-ups.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Do Swedish multinationals pay less in taxes than domestic firms?
- 2018
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Ingår i: The World Economy. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0378-5920 .- 1467-9701. ; 41:2, s. 393-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, there has been growing concern that multinational enterprises (MNEs) engage in strategic tax planning in order to shift profits to low-tax jurisdictions. This common perception is generally confirmed by empirical evidence, which is foremost provided for countries with high corporate taxes and relatively complex tax systems. We investigate whether multinational firms in a country with a comparatively more competitive tax system undertake profit shifting. We do this using detailed census data from corporate income statements and balance sheets filed by Swedish manufacturing firms between 1997 and 2007. We detect profit shifting by comparing MNEs with (purely) domestic firms. In particular, we identify systematic differences in tax payments, earnings (before interest and taxes) and equity ratios between multinational and comparable domestic firms based on propensity score matching. In addition, we examine the tax behavioural impact of acquiring multinational status using difference-in-differences estimations and/or propensity score matching. Our results reveal that the extent to which multinational firms have lower tax payments than their domestic counterparts depends on their production characteristics and foreign market outreach. In particular, we find evidence indicating that firms operating in few foreign markets and firms that become multinational engage in profit shifting from Sweden.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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FDI, taxes and agglomeration economies in the EU15
- 2013
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Ingår i: Applied Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-4283 .- 0003-6846. ; 45:18, s. 2653-2664
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an empirical analysis of the impact of tax differentials and agglomeration economies on foreign direct investment (FDI). The paper departs from most previous work on FDI and tax competition in a number of ways. First, it incorporates several measures of agglomeration in order to investigate whether agglomeration economies mitigate the downward spiral in tax rates. As the strength of agglomeration economies may vary with the degree of integration, we use a panel of bilateral FDI flows for a highly integrated region including countries with similar economic structure–the EU15–from 1986 to 2004. Second, the empirical analysis explicitly deals with the problem of selection bias by using the Heckman sample selection approach. Also, by focusing on the EU15, we are able to provide additional information on the determinants of FDI between similar, higher-income countries. The empirical analysis provides some evidence of corporate marginal effective tax rates having an impact on FDI. This result, however, is sensitive to the inclusion of agglomeration economies. In particular, we find both Marshall types of technological externalities and overall concentration of economic activity to have an influence on FDI flows and, moreover, mitigating the negative impact of taxes.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Integration and the Structure of Public Spending
- 2008
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Ingår i: Comparative Political Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3829 .- 0010-4140. ; 41:7, s. 1001-1027
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- he voluminous tax competition literature suggests that increased economic integration leads to reduced tax rates and suboptimal levels of government spending as countries compete for mobile factors of production. Integration may influence not only the size of the government but also the structure of public spending. Comprehensive studies analyzing the effect of integration on the overall structure of government spending are rare, however. This article fills this void by providing an empirical analysis of the effects of economic integration on the overall structure of public spending in a number of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries using panel data on the different government spending components for the period 1970 to 2002. The authors find that integration negatively influences government consumption and investment but that there is no empirical evidence that transfers are positively or negatively affected by integration, as suggested by the compensation and efficiency views, respectively.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Labor Taxes and FDI Decisions in the European Union
- 2011
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper uses panel data on bilateral FDI flows in the European Union to empirically analyze the impact of labor and corporate taxations on FDI decisions. While the effect of corporate taxes on FDI is well documented, the impact of labor taxes on FDI has been neglected. This is surprising since labor taxation may influence FDI as well. The reason for this is that taxation of labor affects the production cost and the ability to attract and retain productive labor and ultimately the investment return. By employing a Heckman two-step estimation model, which controls for possible sample selection bias due to many zero bilateral observations, it is found that labor taxes do influence FDI decisions. The effect is significant both statistically and economically, although the magnitude is smaller than for corporate tax.
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| 10. |
- Olofsdotter, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Skatters inverkan på företags lokaliserings- och investeringsbeslut
- 2014
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Jobs and economic growth are created where businesses are located and investments made. A number of factors affect where firms choose to locate and where and how much that is invested. Many of these factors are hard to influence in the short run while others are governed by politicians and can be designed in order to stimulate desirable business and investment behaviour. One such factor is taxation. This report summarises the economic literature on the impact of taxation on business location and investment decisions. Even if the focus is on the impact the corporate income tax rate has on businesses’ localisation and investment decisions, other taxes, such as taxation of labour income and personal capital income, are also discussed. The results of the report suggest that taxes play an important role for enterprises’ localisation and investment decisions. The corporate tax rate impacts where entreprises locate, where foreign direct investments take place, and where profits are reported. The corporate tax rate is an important policy instrument for especially new EU member states as they lack many of the other important factors, such as agglomeration effects, and can by having attractive corporate tax rates gain investments. Hence, the corporate tax rate should be lower in the new member states than in the old. Labour taxation is also an important factor influencing the amount of foreign direct investment that are invested in a country, but more so in the old member states. While the corporate tax rate is important for already established and profit making enterprises, the personal capital income tax is relatively more important for the creation of new and innovative enterprises. For Sweden – a small country located in the periphery – the implication of the results suggests that the corporate tax rate should be below the rate in the big countries located in the European core. In addition, it may be worthwhile to investigate whether the, in an international perspective, high tax rate on personal capital income hinders enterprise creation and should be lowered.
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