| 1. |
- Eliasson, Kent, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Jobs and exposure to international trade within the service sector in Sweden
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The service sector is very heterogeneous with respect to internationalization; in some industries there is international trade (or it may potentially exist), whereas other industries are non-tradable. Data on international trade in services is, however, typically very limited, making it difficult to identify in which industries there are international trade. In this paper, we partially surmount the problems with insufficient service trade statistics by calculating locational Ginis for different industries in the private business sector as well as in the public sector. The basic idea is that from the regional concentration of different activities within a country one can identify industries where there appears to be regional trade, and hence also a potential for international trade. Based on our method we find that the number of employed in tradable service appears to be at least as large as in the manufacturing sector. Remarkably, a larger share of the skilled labor exposed to international trade is working in the service sector than in manufacturing, while a majority of the less skilled labor working in tradable industries is employed in manufacturing. When it comes to employment growth, we observe that the employment has increased in tradable service, while it has fallen in the manufacturing sector (the whole sector is regarded as tradable).
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| 2. |
- Hansson, Markus
(författare)
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Sårbarhet och möjligheter - Om papperslösa immigranters situation i majoritetssamhället
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study aims to increase the knowledge and understanding regarding the situation for undocumented immigrants in the Scandinavian welfare states, mainly from a Swedish perspective, but the situation in Denmark is also included in the discussion. Sweden and Denmark position themselves at the opposite sides of the spectrum regarding immigration policies within the European Union; Swedish immigration policies are regarded as one of the most liberal in the EU, whilst the Danish policies are considered to be among the harshest. The results from this study support the theory that the immigration policies of the host country impose a major influence on the daily lives of undocumented immigrants. Perhaps the most distinguishing characteristic of the undocumented experience, revealed through interviews with undocumented immigrants and voluntary aides in associations formed to help these people, is the high degree of vulnerability in the majority society. This vulnerability is a product of the lack of legal status, resulting in a vast discrepancy between the rights of the citizen and the rights of the undocumented immigrant. Subjectively, this vulnerability is perceived by the undocumented immigrant primarily in two ways, which I have chosen to refer to as legal vulnerability and social vulnerability. Legal vulnerability denotes a permanent disadvantage for the undocumented immigrant in the relationship to the citizen, in any situation that may occur. This means for example that the undocumented immigrant is effectively prevented from reporting any crime or negotiating salary levels that are perceived as unfair, with an employer. Social vulnerability refers to the exclusion from the official institutions of the welfare state, such as healthcare, social services and education. This vulnerability means that the undocumented immigrant has to seek their opportunities through alternative channels, such as informal institutions (i.e. the personal, social network, voluntary organizations etc.) or through an informal use of formal institutions. Different categories of undocumented immigrants handle their vulnerability in different ways. Undocumented immigrants that don’t suffer from a high degree of political vulnerability in their home country tend to have a larger interface with the host society than political refugees, which make them somewhat less vulnerable as undocumented immigrants as well, since they are more likely to have broader social networks. The possession of social capital as a compensation for the lack of human capital is more important for immigrants in general than for natives. Undocumented immigrants are even more dependent on social capital than their documented compatriots. Social capital is generated in the ethnical networks through the mechanisms of bounded solidarity and enforceable trust. Cultural distance and lack of options to the benefits provided by the networks make the networks stronger. The stronger the social networks, the more social capital they generate. Being the ones most dependant on social capital, the undocumented immigrants are also the most subordinate in those networks. They are frequently exploited by their documented compatriots in the ethnic market, and the strong ties of the ethnic networks often hinder the members’ integration in the majority society. The results from this study indicate that the harsher immigration laws of Denmark makes the undocumented immigrants go “further underground” and thus making them more vulnerable than the undocumented immigrants in Sweden.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Pär, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Effekter av direktinvesteringar på svenskt näringsliv
- 2020
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Rapporten visar att multinationella företag spelar en betydelsefull roll för globaliseringen av svenskt näringsliv, såväl nationellt som regionalt. De multinationella företagens fragmentering, funktionella specialisering och offshoring leder till effektivitetsvinster och tillväxt men också till regionala skillnader.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Pär, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Location of R&D within Swedish Multinational Enterprises
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The report analyzes factors that affect the localization of research and development (R&D) within Swedish-owned multinational enterprises in different countries (including Sweden). It also aims to investigate how Sweden is positioned with regard to these factors in an international perspective.
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| 5. |
- Hansson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Lokalisering av forskning och utveckling i multinationella koncerner i svenskt näringsliv
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten beskriver det svenska näringslivets forskning och utveckling (FoU) ur ett internationellt, nationellt och regionalt perspektiv. Några frågeställningar som behandlas är: Vilka faktorer har betydelse för svenska multinationella koncerners lokalisering av FoU? Har ökat utlandsägandet i svenskt näringsliv inneburit att FoU och annan kvalificerad verksamhet flyttat utomlands? Vad bestämmer den regionala lokaliseringen av FoU? Vad krävs i framtiden för att Sverige ska fortsätta vara en framstående forskningsnation?
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| 6. |
- Hansson, Pär, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Regional lokalisering av näringslivets forskning och utveckling
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utgifterna för forskning och utveckling (FoU) inom det svenska näringslivet är starkt koncentrerat till ett fåtal regioner och koncerner. I rapporten beskrivs i vilka branscher och regioner det sker mest FoU och hur utvecklingen har sett ut över tid. Dessutom analyseras vilka faktorer som är betydelsefulla för den regionala lokaliseringen (funktionella arbetsmarknadsregioner, FA-regioner).
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