| 1. |
- Annika, Henesey, 1972, et al.
(author)
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Requirements Analysis of Information Integration of Small and Medium Size Ports with Port Communities using Web Portals: A Swedish Port Perspective
- 2007
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In: Conference Proceedings of WCTR 2007.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Information Technology has opened new ways for firms to both create and manage competitive advantages within their respective industries. Ports and the business of maritime shipping are no exception to the use of such tools. This paper investigates methods for interconnecting ports with their partners and assesses such port community systems in the context of a case study in Sweden. Based upon data collected on ports in Sweden, a framework for implementing a port-portal along with a well-defined methodology is outlined.
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| 2. |
- Alsolai, Hadeel, et al.
(author)
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A Systematic Review of Literature on Automated Sleep Scoring
- 2022
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In: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 10, s. 79419-79443
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sleep is a period of rest that is essential for functional learning ability, mental health, and even the performance of normal activities. Insomnia, sleep apnea, and restless legs are all examples of sleep-related issues that are growing more widespread. When appropriately analyzed, the recording of bio-electric signals, such as the Electroencephalogram, can tell how well we sleep. Improved analyses are possible due to recent improvements in machine learning and feature extraction, and they are commonly referred to as automatic sleep analysis to distinguish them from sleep data analysis by a human sleep expert. This study outlines a Systematic Literature Review and the results it provided to assess the present state-of-the-art in automatic analysis of sleep data. A search string was organized according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) strategy in order to determine what machine learning and feature extraction approaches are used to generate an Automatic Sleep Scoring System. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Rechtschaffen & Kales are the two main scoring standards used in contemporary research, according to the report. Other types of sensors, such as Electrooculography, are employed in addition to Electroencephalography to automatically score sleep. Furthermore, the existing research on parameter tuning for machine learning models that was examined proved to be incomplete. Based on our findings, different sleep scoring standards, as well as numerous feature extraction and machine learning algorithms with parameter tuning, have a high potential for developing a reliable and robust automatic sleep scoring system for supporting physicians. In the context of the sleep scoring problem, there are evident gaps that need to be investigated in terms of automatic feature engineering techniques and parameter tuning in machine learning algorithms.
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| 3. |
- Alsolai, Hadeel, et al.
(author)
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Employing a Long-Short-Term Memory Neural Network to Improve Automatic Sleep Stage Classification of Pharmaco-EEG Profiles
- 2022
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In: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3417. ; 12:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An increasing problem in today's society is the spiraling number of people suffering from various sleep disorders. The research results presented in this paper support the use of a novel method that employs techniques from the classification of sleep disorders for more accurate scoring. Applying this novel method will assist researchers with better analyzing subject profiles for recommending prescriptions or to alleviate sleep disorders. In biomedical research, the use of animal models is required to experimentally test the safety and efficacy of a drug in the pre-clinical stage. We have developed a novel LSTM Recurrent Neural Network to process Pharmaco-EEG Profiles of rats to automatically score their sleep-wake stages. The results indicate improvements over the current methods; for the case of combined channels, the model accuracy improved by 1% and 3% in binary or multiclass classifications, respectively, to accuracies of 93% and 82%. In the case of using a single channel, binary and multiclass LSTM models for identifying rodent sleep stages using single or multiple electrode positions for binary or multiclass problems have not been evaluated in prior literature. The results reveal that single or combined channels, and binary or multiclass classification tasks, can be applied in the automatic sleep scoring of rodents.
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| 4. |
- Anwar, Mahwish, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization in Container Terminal Logistics : A Literature Review
- 2019
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In: 27<sup>th</sup> Annual Conference of International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME). ; , s. 1-25
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many terminals that are located in large ports, such as Port of Rotterdam, Port of Singapore, Port of Hamburg, etc. employ various emerging digital technologies to handle container and information. Some technologies deemed attractive by large ports are: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT). The objective of this paper is to review the “state-of-the-art” of scientific literature on digital technologies that facilitate operations management for container terminal logistics. The studies are synthesized in form of a classification matrix and analysis performed. The primary studies consisted of 57 papers, out of the initial pool of over 2100 findings. Over 94% of the publications identified focused on AI; while 29% exploited IoT and Cloud Computing technologies combined. The research on Blockchain within the context of container terminal was nonexistent. Majority of the publications utilized numerical experiments and simulation for validation. A large amount of the scientific literature was dedicated to resource management and scheduling of intra-logistic equipment/vessels or berth or container storage in the yard. Results drawn from the literature survey indicate that various research gaps exist. A discussion and an analysis of review is presented, which could be of benefit for stakeholders of small-medium sized container terminals.
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| 5. |
- Anwar, Mahwish, et al.
(author)
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The feasibility of Blockchain solutions in the maritime industry
- 2019
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Purpose / ValueThe concept of Blockchain technology in supply chain management is well discussed, yetinadequately theorized in terms of its applicability, especially within the maritime industry,which forms a fundamental node of the entire supply chain network. More so, the assumptivegrounds associated with the technology have not been openly articulated, leading to unclearideas about its applicability.Design/methodology/approachThe research is designed divided into two Stages. This paper (Stage one) enhancedliterature review for data collection in order to gauge the properties of the Blockchaintechnology, and to understand and map those characteristics with the Bill of Ladingprocess within maritime industry. In Stage two an online questionnaire is conducted toassess the feasibility of Blockchain technology for different maritime use-cases.FindingsThe research that was collected and analysed partly from deliverable in theConnect2SmallPort Project and from other literature suggests that Blockchain can be anenabler for improving maritime supply chain. The use-case presented in this paper highlightsthe practicality of the technology. It was identified that Blockchain possess characteristicssuitable to mitigate the risks and issues pertaining to the paper-based Bill of Lading process.Research limitationsThe study would mature further after the execution of the Stage Two. By the end of bothStages, a framework for Blockchain adoption with a focus on the maritime industry wouldbe proposed.Practical implicationsThe proposed outcome indicated the practicality of technology, which could be beneficialfor the port stakeholders that wish to use Blockchain in processing Bill of Lading orcontracts.Social implicationsThe study may influence the decision makers to consider the benefits of using the Blockchaintechnology, thereby, creating opportunities for the maritime industry to leverage thetechnology with government’s support.
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| 6. |
- Bai, Guohua, et al.
(author)
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Coping with System Sustainability : A Sociocybernetics Framework for Social-Economic System Architecture
- 2012
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In: Systems research and behavioral science. - : Wiley Blackwell. - 1092-7026 .- 1099-1743. ; 29:3, s. 263-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper proposes an epistemological model based on cybernetic principles and activity theory to interpret two levels of problems that are intertwined in our social-economic system, namely the liveability and sustainability problems. In the first part of the paper, important principles and concepts from related fields of cybernetics and activity theory are introduced for later construction of a model. In the second part, a model is constructed based on the introduced concepts. To validate the proposed model, the current economic crisis is studied in the third part. An important contribution of the proposed model is a theoretical understanding of the two levels problems, and how to construct macro social-economical policies to avoid similar crisis in the future.
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| 7. |
- Bakhtyar, Shoaib, et al.
(author)
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A Simulation Study of the Electronic Waybill Service
- 2015
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In: Proceedings - EMS 2015. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781509002061 ; , s. 307-312
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present results from a simulation study, whichwas designed for investigating the potential positive impacts, i.e., the invoicing and processing time, and financial savings,when using an electronic waybill instead of paper waybillsfor road-based freight transportation. The simulation modelis implemented in an experiment for three different scenarios,where the processing time for waybills at the freight loadingand unloading locations in a particular scenario differs fromother scenarios. The results indicate that a saving of 65%–99%in the invoicing time can be achieved when using an electronicwaybill instead of paper waybills. Our study can be helpful todecision makers, e.g., managers and staff dealing with paperwaybills, to estimate the potential benefits when making deci-sions concerning the implementation of an electronic waybillsolution for replacing paper waybills.
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| 8. |
- Bakhtyar, Shoaib, 1985-
(author)
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Designing Electronic Waybill Solutions for Road Freight Transport
- 2016
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In freight transportation, a waybill is an important document that contains essential information about a consignment. The focus of this thesis is on a multi-purpose electronic waybill (e-Waybill) service, which can provide the functions of a paper waybill, and which is capable of storing, at least, the information present in a paper waybill. In addition, the service can be used to support other existing Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) services by utilizing on synergies with the existing services. Additionally, information entities from the e-Waybill service are investigated for the purpose of knowledge-building concerning freight flows.A systematic review on state-of-the-art of the e-Waybill service reveals several limitations, such as limited focus on supporting ITS services. Five different conceptual e-Waybill solutions (that can be seen as abstract system designs for implementing the e-Waybill service) are proposed. The solutions are investigated for functional and technical requirements (non-functional requirements), which can potentially impose constraints on a potential system for implementing the e-Waybill service. Further, the service is investigated for information and functional synergies with other ITS services. For information synergy analysis, the required input information entities for different ITS services are identified; and if at least one information entity can be provided by an e-Waybill at the right location we regard it to be a synergy. Additionally, a service design method has been proposed for supporting the process of designing new ITS services, which primarily utilizes on functional synergies between the e-Waybill and different existing ITS services. The suggested method is applied for designing a new ITS service, i.e., the Liability Intelligent Transport System (LITS) service. The purpose of the LITS service isto support the process of identifying when and where a consignment has been damaged and who was responsible when the damage occurred. Furthermore, information entities from e-Waybills are utilized for building improved knowledge concerning freight flows. A freight and route estimation method has been proposed for building improved knowledge, e.g., in national road administrations, on the movement of trucks and freight.The results from this thesis can be used to support the choice of practical e-Waybill service implementation, which has the possibility to provide high synergy with ITS services. This may lead to a higher utilization of ITS services and more sustainable transport, e.g., in terms of reduced congestion and emissions. Furthermore, the implemented e-Waybill service can be an enabler for collecting consignment and traffic data and converting the data into useful traffic information. In particular, the service can lead to increasing amounts of digitally stored data about consignments, which can lead to improved knowledge on the movement of freight and trucks. The knowledge may be helpful when making decisions concerning road taxes, fees, and infrastructure investments.
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| 9. |
- Bakhtyar, Shoaib, et al.
(author)
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Electronic Waybill Solutions : A Systematic Review
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A critical component in freight transportation is the waybill, which is a transport document that has essential information about a consignment. Actors within the supply chain handle not only the freight but also vast amounts of information,which are often unclear due to various errors. An electronic waybill (e-Waybill) solution is an electronic replacement of the paper waybill in a better way, e.g., by ensuring error free storage and flow of information. In this paper, a systematic review using the snowball method is conducted to investigate the state-of-the-art of e-Waybill solutions. After performing three iterations of the snowball process,we identified eleven studies for further evaluation and analysis due to their strong relevancy. The studies are mapped in relation to each other and a classification of the e-Waybill solutions is constructed. Most of the studies identified from our review support the benefits of electronic documents including e-Waybills. Typically, most research papers reviewed support EDI (Electronic Documents Interchange) for implementing e-Waybills. However, limitations exist due to high costs that make it less affordable for small organizations. Recent studies point to alternative technologies that we have listed in this paper. Additionally in this paper, we present from our research that most studies focus on the administrative benefits, but few studies investigate the potential of e-Waybill information for achieving services, such as estimated time of arrival and real-time tracking and tracing.
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| 10. |
- Bakhtyar, Shoaib, et al.
(author)
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Freight transport prediction using electronic waybills and machine learning
- 2014
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In: 2014 International Conference on Informative and Cybernetics for Computational Social Systems. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781479947539 ; , s. 128-133
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A waybill is a document that accompanies the freight during transportation. The document contains essential information such as, origin and destination of the freight, involved actors, and the type of freight being transported. We believe, the information from a waybill, when presented in an electronic format, can be utilized for building knowledge about the freight movement. The knowledge may be helpful for decision makers, e.g., freight transport companies and public authorities. In this paper, the results from a study of a Swedish transport company are presented using order data from a customer ordering database, which is, to a larger extent, similar to the information present in paper waybills. We have used the order data for predicting the type of freight moving between a particular origin and destination. Additionally, we have evaluated a number of different machine learning algorithms based on their prediction performances. The evaluation was based on their weighted average true-positive and false-positive rate, weighted average area under the curve, and weighted average recall values. We conclude, from the results, that the data from a waybill, when available in an electronic format, can be used to improve knowledge about freight transport. Additionally, we conclude that among the algorithms IBk, SMO, and LMT, IBk performed better by predicting the highest number of classes with higher weighted average values for true-positive and false-positive, and recall.
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