| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
-
Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 2. |
- Alimena, Juliette, et al.
(författare)
-
Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 47:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) can generically have lifetimes that are long compared to SM particles at the weak scale. When produced at experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, these long-lived particles (LLPs) can decay far from the interaction vertex of the primary proton-proton collision. Such LLP signatures are distinct from those of promptly decaying particles that are targeted by the majority of searches for new physics at the LHC, often requiring customized techniques to identify, for example, significantly displaced decay vertices, tracks with atypical properties, and short track segments. Given their non-standard nature, a comprehensive overview of LLP signatures at the LHC is beneficial to ensure that possible avenues of the discovery of new physics are not overlooked. Here we report on the joint work of a community of theorists and experimentalists with the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb experiments-as well as those working on dedicated experiments such as MoEDAL, milliQan, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, and FASER-to survey the current state of LLP searches at the LHC, and to chart a path for the development of LLP searches into the future, both in the upcoming Run 3 and at the high-luminosity LHC. The work is organized around the current and future potential capabilities of LHC experiments to generally discover new LLPs, and takes a signature-based approach to surveying classes of models that give rise to LLPs rather than emphasizing any particular theory motivation. We develop a set of simplified models; assess the coverage of current searches; document known, often unexpected backgrounds; explore the capabilities of proposed detector upgrades; provide recommendations for the presentation of search results; and look towards the newest frontiers, namely high-multiplicity 'dark showers', highlighting opportunities for expanding the LHC reach for these signals.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bera, Soumya, et al.
(författare)
-
One-particle density matrix characterization of many-body localization
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Annalen der Physik. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 0003-3804 .- 1521-3889. ; 529:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study interacting fermions in one dimension subject to random, uncorrelated onsite disorder, a paradigmatic model of many-body localization (MBL). This model realizes an interaction-driven quantum phase transition between an ergodic and a many-body localized phase, with the transition occurring in the many-body eigenstates. We propose a single-particle framework to characterize these phases by the eigenstates (the natural orbitals) and the eigenvalues (the occupation spectrum) of the one-particle density matrix (OPDM) in individual many-body eigenstates. As a main result, we find that the natural orbitals are localized in the MBL phase, but delocalized in the ergodic phase. This qualitative change in these single-particle states is a many-body effect, since without interactions the single-particle energy eigenstates are all localized. The occupation spectrum in the ergodic phase is thermal in agreement with the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, while in the MBL phase the occupations preserve a discontinuity at an emergent Fermi edge. This suggests that the MBL eigenstates are weakly dressed Slater determinants, with the eigenstates of the underlying Anderson problem as reference states. We discuss the statistical properties of the natural orbitals and of the occupation spectrum in the two phases and as the transition is approached. Our results are consistent with the existing picture of emergent integrability and localized integrals of motion, or quasiparticles, in the MBL phase. We emphasize the close analogy of the MBL phase to a zero-temperature Fermi liquid: in the studied model, the MBL phase is adiabatically connected to the Anderson insulator and the occupation-spectrum discontinuity directly indicates the presence of quasiparticles localized in real space. Finally, we show that the same picture emerges for interacting fermions in the presence of an experimentally-relevant bichromatic lattice and thereby demonstrate that our findings are not limited to a specific model.
|
|
| 4. |
- Jürgensen, Jan Henning, 1987-
(författare)
-
Condition-based Failure Rate Modelling for Individual Components in the Power System
- 2016
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The electrical power grid is one of the most important infrastructures in the modernsociety. It supplies industrial and private customers with electricity and supportsother critical infrastructures such as the water supply. Thus, it is significant that the power grid is a reliable system. However, the power system experiences a hugetransition from classical production methods such as coal and nuclear power plantsto distributed renewable energy forms such as wind energy and photovoltaic. This change to a more distributed system challenges the existing power grid as well as the traditional business models of electric utilities. Thus, cost minimization to increase profitability and improvement of the power grid to increase customer satisfactionare in the focus. One approach to increase the reliability of the grid and decrease maintenance costs is a condition-based maintenance approach which requirescondition monitoring techniques.This thesis introduces into failure rate modelling for individual power system components and develops a method to calculate individual failure rates based onthe average failure rate, failure statistics, and condition monitoring data. This approach includes the analysis of failure statistics to identify failure causes and failure locations which are population characteristics but can be utilized to describe the heterogeneity within the population. Thus, the thesis first introduces into the topic of failure analysis and heterogeneity in populations. Different factors are identified and categorized which describe the condition development of a component overtime. Then, the literature within failure rate estimation is reviewed to present the factors which are used within failure rate modelling and to outline the existingmethods which consider the individual. However, limitations are discussed which emphasize the demand for a new approach. Consequently, this thesis introduce intoa new approach for estimating the failure rate for individual components.
|
|
| 5. |
- Taussig, Michael J., et al.
(författare)
-
ProteomeBinders : planning a European resource of affinity reagents for analysis of the human proteome
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Nature Methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 4:1, s. 13-17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ProteomeBinders is a new European consortium aiming to establish a comprehensive resource of well-characterized affinity reagents, including but not limited to antibodies, for analysis of the human proteome. Given the huge diversity of the proteome, the scale of the project is potentially immense but nevertheless feasible in the context of a pan-European or even worldwide coordination.
|
|
