| 1. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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The Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort study 2014-16: design, methods and study population.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 34:2, s. 191-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve health care for older persons, we need to learn more about ageing, e.g. identify protective factors and early markers for diseases. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) are multidisciplinary epidemiological studies examining representative birth cohorts of older populations in Gothenburg, Sweden. So far, six birth cohorts of 70-year-olds have been examined over time, and examinations have been virtually identical between studies. This paper describes the study procedures for the baseline examination of the Birth cohort 1944, conducted in 2014-16. In this study, all men and women born 1944 on specific dates, and registered as residents in Gothenburg, were eligible for participation (n=1839). A total of 1203 (response rate 72.2%; 559 men and 644 women; mean age 70.5years) agreed to participate in the study. The study comprised sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, psychiatric, cognitive, and physical health examinations, examinations of genetics and family history, use of medications, social factors, functional ability and disability, physical fitness and activity, body composition, lung function, audiological and ophthalmological examinations, diet, brain imaging, as well as a close informant interview, and qualitative studies. As in previous examinations, data collection serves as a basis for future longitudinal follow-up examinations. The research gained from the H70 studies has clinical relevance in relation to prevention, early diagnosis, clinical course, experience of illness, understanding pathogenesis and prognosis. Results will increase our understanding of ageing and inform service development, which may lead to enhanced quality of care for older persons.
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| 2. |
- Hoff, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Between Uncertainty and Certainty
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Ethics. - 1046-7890. ; 22:2, s. 139-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, 10 hematologists and 10 lung oncologists were interviewed regarding the information they provide to patients in four situations of uncertainty: determining the treatment that is in the patient's best interest; recurrence or progression of the patient's disease; determining when to withdraw life-prolonging treatment; discussing death, addressing questions such as whether the patient will die from the disease, and when. The primary finding is that delivery of information to patients with low survival rates can be improved by more and better disclosure by physicians at an earlier stage. The crucial point for physicians is to ascertain the wishes of patients, to learn what to reveal about what patients should expect, short term and long term, as death approaches.
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| 3. |
- Hoff, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying Challenges to Communicating with Patients about Their Imminent Death.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Ethics. - 1046-7890. ; 25:4, s. 296-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research literature suggests that physicians' attitudes regarding disclosing a diagnosis of cancer have changed, from nondisclosure to full disclosure. Physicians' attitudes towards disclosing a patient's prognosis are likewise said to have changed, although not to the same degree. The aim of this study was to identify inherent challenges in communicating information about imminent death. It included one set of interviews with patients and another set with doctors, and subsequent discussions of ways to overcome obstacles to patients' understanding their situation. Patients were diagnosed with leukemia, myeloma, or lung cancer; the doctors were hematologists and lung oncologists. The two sets of interviews were analyzed separately using a content analysis model developed by Graneheim and Lundman. For each set of interviews, eight content areas were defined as belonging to an area of interest and scrutinized for the information they included regarding communicating prognoses to patients. The main finding was a discrepancy between patients' desire to be fully informed regarding their prognosis and physicians' reluctance to offer a prognosis until a patient had overt signs of approaching death. We conclude that existing guidelines for disclosure of bad news should be modified to encourage disclosure and discussion of uncertain prognostic information, unless a patient is clearly opposed to receiving such information or otherwise not a suitable partner for dialogue.
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| 4. |
- Hoff, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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In the shadow of bad news - views of patients with acute leukaemia, myeloma or lung cancer about information, from diagnosis to cure or death
- 2007
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Ingår i: BMC Palliative Care. - 1472-684X. ; 6:Article nr. 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many studies have been published about giving and receiving bad messages. However, only a few of them have followed the patients all the way through a disease as is done in this study. Many studies have been written about patients' coping strategies. In this study we will keep within the bounds of coping through information only. The aim of the study is to investigate patients' views of information during the trajectory of their disease, whether their reactions differ from each other and whether they differ in different phases of the disease.
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| 5. |
- Hoff, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Information from physicians and retention of information by patients - obstacles to the awareness of patients of progressing disease when life is near the end
- 2008
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Ingår i: BMC Palliative Care. - 1472-684X. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Discrepancies between the information that patients have received and the patients' awareness of their condition have frequently been observed in literature and given a number of different explanations. The chief contribution of this study is that by following patients over time it is possible not only to notice any changes in the patients' knowledge or awareness of their disease, but also to investigate the interview material for possible reasons for those changes. Since the study is based on two different groups of patients it will also be possible to notice if the category of disease matters for patients' awareness of their condition.
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| 6. |
- Hoff, Lena
(författare)
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Towards more prognostic information to patients with life threatening diseases: Why, how and when?
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Physicians’ attitudes towards disclosure to patients of cancer diagnoses have changed from non-disclosure to full disclosure. Also disclosure of prognosis are likewise said to have changed, though not to the same degree. The overriding aim of this dissertation is to analyse information disclosed to patients with severe cancer prognoses, from a Swedish perspective, through two sets of interviews with patients and doctors. The aim of the first study (I) is to explore how the interviewed patients related to the information given them by their physicians. The second study (II) focuses how the information the patients received, concerning the severity of their illness, related to their awareness (or lack thereof). In the third study (III) conducted several years later, physicians were interviewed about what information to disclose to patient in (four) situations where relevant scientific knowledge is lacking or uncertain. In the fourth study (IV) the interviews, from both perspectives, were further analysed in order to explore, how the patient’s impending death is communicated. The main finding of these papers is the discrepancy there is between patients’ desires for honest information and physicians’ reluctance to prognosticate until patients have overt signs of approaching death. The conclusion of this thesis is that, as a rule, patients should be more and better informed about their prognoses, unless the patient is clearly opposed to receiving such information or otherwise not a suitable partner for dialogue.
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| 7. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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