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- Svensson Holm, Ann-Charlotte B., et al.
(författare)
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Platelet membranes induce airway smooth muscle cell proliferation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0953-7104 .- 1369-1635. ; 22:1, s. 45-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of platelets in airway disease is poorly understood although they have been suggested to influence on proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC). Platelets have been found localized in the airways in autopsy material from asthmatic patients and have been implicated in airway remodeling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of various platelet fractions on proliferation of ASMC obtained from guinea pigs (GP-ASMC) and humans (H-ASMC). Proliferation of ASMC was measured by the MTS assay and the results confirmed by measurements of the DNA content. A key observation was that the platelet membrane preparations induced a significant increase in the proliferation of both GP-ASMC (129.9 +/- 3.0 %) and H-ASMC (144.8 +/- 12.2). However, neither supernatants from lysed or filtrated thrombin stimulated platelets induced ASMC proliferation to the same extent as the membrane preparation. We have previously shown that platelet-induced proliferation is dependent on 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways. In the present work we established that platelet membrane-induced ASMC proliferation was reduced in the presence of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor DPI and the 5-LOX inhibitor AA-861. In conclusion, our results showed that platelet membranes significantly induced ASMC proliferation, demonstrating that the mitogenic effect of platelets and platelet membranes on ASMC is mainly due to membrane-associated factors. The effects of platelet membranes were evident on both GP-ASMC and H-ASMC and involved 5-LOX and ROS. These new findings are of importance in understanding the mechanisms contributing to airway remodeling and may contribute to the development of new pharmacological tools in the treatment of inflammatory airway diseases.
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| 2. |
- Svensson Holm, Ann-Charlotte B., et al.
(författare)
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Platelets bind to hyaluronic acid through CD44 and induce a focal adhesion kinase dependent airway smooth muscle cell proliferation
- 2008
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Platelets have been implicated as important players in the remodeling process, e.g. due to their ability to induce airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the extracellular matrix component hyaluronic acid (HA), the HA-binding surface receptor CD44 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. The ability of ASMC to synthesize HA was investigated by fluorescent staining using biotinylated HA-binding protein and streptavidin conjugate. In addition, the interaction between ASMC and platelets was studied by fluorescent staining of the F-actin. We found that ASMC produced HA and that a CD44 blocking antibody and the hyaluronic acid synthase inhibitor 4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MU) inhibited platelet binding to the area surrounding the ASMC. Proliferation of ASMC was measured using the MTS-assay, and we found that the CD44 blocking antibody and 4-MU inhibited platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. We also found that co-culture of ASMC and platelets resulted in increased phosphorylation of FAK as detected by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the FAKinhibitor PF 573228 inhibited platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that HA, CD44 and FAK contribute to the increased ASMC proliferation caused by platelets. This event is initiated by an interaction between platelets CD44 and HA produced by the ASMC. These new findings may be important in understanding the interplay between ECM, platelets and ASMC in the remodeling process. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that FAK is phosphorylated and on that account activated during the CD44-dependent platelet/ASMC interaction and this contributes to proliferation of the ASMC. These new findings may be important in understanding the interplay between ECM, platelets and ASMC in the remodeling process.
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| 3. |
- Svensson Holm, Ann-Charlotte B., et al.
(författare)
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Platelets stimulate airway smooth muscle cell proliferation through mechanisms involving 5-lipoxygenase and reactive oxygen species
- 2008
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Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7104 .- 1369-1635. ; 19:7, s. 528-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous recruitment and inappropriate activity of platelets in the airways may contribute to airway remodeling, a characteristic feature of inflammatory airway diseases that includes increased proliferation of the smooth muscle. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the effect of platelets on proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) in culture and to determine the possible role of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this context. ASMC obtained from guinea pigs were cultured and co-incubated with washed platelets for 24 hours. Thereafter, the proliferation was measured with the MTS-assay; the results were also verified by using thymidine incorporation, DNA measurements and manual counting. The interaction between platelets and ASMC was visualized with fluorescence microscopy. We found that platelets bind to the ASMC and the presence of platelets caused a significant dose-dependent increase in ASMC proliferation. Co-incubation of ASMC with platelets also increased ROS-production, detected by the fluorescent probe DCFDA. Furthermore, the platelet-induced proliferation was reduced in the presence of the NADPH-oxidase inhibitors DPI and apocynin. A possible role of 5-LOX in platelet-induced proliferation and ROS-generation was evaluated by using the 5-LOX inhibitor AA-861 and the PLA2-inhibitor ATK. The results showed that inhibition of these enzymes significantly reduced the platelet-induced proliferation. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that the ASMC but not the platelets express 5-LOX. In addition, our experiments revealed that the presence of AA-861 and ATK significantly inhibited the ROS-production generated upon co-incubation of platelets and ASMC. In conclusion, we show that platelets have a marked capacity to induce ASMC proliferation. Furthermore, our study indicates that the interaction between platelets and ASMC leads to activation of 5-LOX in the ASMC followed by an increased ROS-production, events resulting in enhanced ASMC proliferation. The new findings are of importance in understanding possible mechanisms contributing to airway remodeling. © 2008 Informa UK Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Svensson Holm, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronic acid influence on platelet-induced airway smooth muscle cell proliferation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - San Diego, USA : Elsevier. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 318:5, s. 632-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hyaluronic acid (HA) is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is expressed throughout the body including the lung and mostly in areas surrounding proliferating and migrating cells. Furthermore, platelets have been implicated as important players in the airway remodelling process, e.g. due to their ability to induce airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of HA, the HA-binding surface receptor CD44 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. Proliferation of ASMC was measured using the MTS-assay, and we found that the CD44 blocking antibody and the HA synthase inhibitor 4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MU) significantly inhibited platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. The interaction between ASMC and platelets was studied by fluorescent staining of F-actin. In addition, the ability of ASMC to synthesise HA was investigated by fluorescent staining using biotinylated HA-binding protein and a streptavidin conjugate. We observed that ASMC produced HA and that a CD44 blocking antibody and 4-MU significantly inhibited platelet binding to the area surrounding the ASMC. Furthermore, the FAK-inhibitor PF 573228 inhibited platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. Co-culture of ASMC and platelets also resulted in increased phosphorylation of FAK as detected by Western blot analysis. In addition, 4-MU significantly inhibited the increased FAK-phosphorylation. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that ECM has the ability to influence platelet-induced ASMC proliferation. Specifically, we propose that HA produced by ASMC is recognised by platelet CD44. The platelet/HA interaction is followed by FAK activation and increased proliferation of co-cultured ASMC. We also suggest that the mitogenic effect of platelets represents a potential important and novel mechanism that may contribute to airway remodelling. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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