| 1. |
- Fuoli, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Optimising transparency, reliability and replicability: annotation principles and inter-coder agreement in the quantification of evaluative expressions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Corpora. - : Edinburgh University Press. - 1755-1676 .- 1749-5032. ; 10:3, s. 315-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manual corpus annotation facilitates exhaustive and detailed corpus-based analyses of evaluation that would not be possible with purely automatic techniques. However, manual annotation is a complex and subjective process. Most studies adopting this approach have paid insufficient attention to the methodological challenges involved in manually annotating evaluation - especially concerning transparency, reliability and replicability. This article illustrates a procedure for annotating evaluative expressions in text that facilitates more transparent, reliable and replicable analyses. The method is demonstrated through a case study analysis of APPRAISAL (Martin and White, 2005) in a small-size specialised corpus of CEO letters published by the British energy company, BP, and four competitors before and after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010. Drawing on Fuoli and Paradis's (2014) model of trust-repair discourse, we examine how ATTITUDE and ENGAGEMENT resources are strategically deployed by BP's CEO in the attempt to repair stakeholders' trust after the accident.
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| 2. |
- Hommerberg, Charlotte, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Appraisal and the language of wine appreciation : A critical discussion of the potential of the Appraisal framework as a tool to analyse specialised genres
- 2015
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Ingår i: Functions of language. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 0929-998X .- 1569-9765. ; 22:2, s. 161-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the language used by critics to appraise wine, at the same time investigating the validity and usefulness of categories in the Appraisal framework, as set out by Martin & White (2005). Our analysis of a corpus of wine reviews suggests that sub-categories of Appreciation — used to evaluate products, and non-human targets by reference to aesthetics and other values — may need extending or enhancing in terms of delicacy, depending on the register of the texts under investigation. An adapted version of the Appraisal system of Attitude is used as basis for our investigation. The assessment of our adapted model was carried out in the form of a comparison between two analysts’ independent annotations which function as a basis for a critical discussion of the proposed categories. The bulk of the paper discusses the relevance of our findings for the analysis of specialised genres in general, the field of wine criticism in particular and the application of the Appraisal model for discourse analysis. We conclude that the understanding and application of analytical categories is dependent on the analyst’s previous experience with the Appraisal model as well as acquaintance with the discourse field.
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| 3. |
- Hommerberg, Charlotte, 1960-
(författare)
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Bringing consumption reviews into relief by combining appraisal and argumentation analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Text & Talk. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1860-7330 .- 1860-7349. ; 35:2, s. 155-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent years have seen a rapid influx of reviews in the field of different aesthetic and consumption domains, which is indicative of the importance assigned by present-day society to what we choose to experience and consume. Given their prevalence, there is a need to find an adequate analytic framework which allows insightful understanding of the discursive construction of such reviews. This paper aims to propose such a framework by combining tools from the Appraisal model with ideas from argumentation theory. The combined methodology is demonstrated using one text from a corpus of wine reviews written by the extraordinarily influential wine critic Robert Parker. The analysis takes into consideration both meanings that are internal to the text and meanings that are text-external, so-called world knowledge. I argue that the technique of reconstruction adopted from argumentation theory helps to highlight and explain how the appraisal works in the text. The findings are generalizable to the extent that the methodology can be used for any type of review text, especially in the domain of present-day luxury consumption, which is not overtly argumentative but which can still be found to have an assessment-basis format that leads its readers towards a certain worldview that they are invited to co-construct and see as rational.
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