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| 2. |
- Bosch-Sijtsema, Petra, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers and facilitators for BIM use among Swedish medium-sized contractors - “We wait until someone tells us to use it”
- 2017
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Ingår i: Visualization in Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2213-7459. ; 5:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The pace of diffusion of BIM (Building Information Modelling) use is considered to increase with governmental initiatives in which public clients in countries like Finland, Singapore, United Kingdom, and Sweden begin requiring BIM as a part of the project delivery. Currently, larger contractor firms use BIM to a certain extent. However, BIM use by mid-sized contractor firms (that is, firms with 50–500 employees that can successfully compete with larger contractors on projects costing a maximum of 50 million Euros) is relatively unknown. Hence, the aim of the paper is to explore current use and perceived constraints and driving forces of BIM-implementation with respect to mid-sized contractors. Methods: A mixed method approach was applied, and data was collected through an interview study and a survey involving chief executive officers or their closest sub-ordinates in mid-sized contractor firms in Sweden. The survey was based on a technology-, organization-, and environment framework that is used in information systems research to study the use of interorganizational information systems. The total population of firms in the survey corresponded to 104. The study presented the preliminary results based on 32 answers (with a 31% response rate). Results: Fifty-eight percent of the surveyed respondents stated that they had been involved in a project in which BIM was used in some manner. The most commonly used application included visualization, which also facilitates coordination and communication. The biggest perceived constraints involved partners that did not use BIM, lack of demand from clients, and the absence of internal demand in the company. With respect to the two last obstacles, significant differences existed between users and non-users. The most common perceived driving forces included the fact that BIM is perceived as a means to follow technical development and that BIM provides competitive advantages to the company. Conclusions: It is concluded that the main driver responsible for BIM-implementation is mainly determined by an individual’s subjective positive or negative evaluation of BIM, instead of external pressure from clients and partners or by the internal capacity and knowledge to use BIM.
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| 3. |
- Bosch-Sijtsema, Petra, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Hinder och drivkrafter for BIM i medelstora entreprenadföretag
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under senare år har det inom samhällsbyggnadssektorn förts en diskussion om att BIM (byggnadsinformationsmodellering) kan utveckla och effektivisera sektorn, genom att t ex. beställare börjar ställa krav på BIM som en del av projektleveransen. Idag använder de större entreprenadföretagen BIM i varierande omfattning under byggprocessen, men hur BIM- användningen ser ut bland medelstora entreprenadföretag är mindre känt. Mot denna bakgrund är syftet med projektet att undersöka vilka hinder och drivkrafter för BIM-användningen som medelstora entreprenadföretag upplever, samt förekomst och omfattning av BIM-användningen i dessa företag. Projektets övergripande mål är att visa på hur upplevda hinder för BIM- användningen kan överbryggas för öka företagens beredskap inför framtida beställarkrav på BIM. Data har samlats in via djupintervjuer och två enkätstudier för att bl a kartlägga omfattningen av BIM-användningen. Genom enkätstudierna har det var möjligt att få en tydlig bild av vad BIM används till, samt rangordningen på de upplevda hindren och drivkrafterna. Första enkätstudien, ”företagsenkäten”, riktades mot företagens ledning. Av de 32 företag som besvarade enkäten uppger 57 procent att de har varit involverade i något projekt där BIM/3D- modeller har använts i något skede. Det absolut vanligaste användningsområdet är visualisering och kollisionskontroller. Det största upplevda hindret var avsaknaden av beställarkrav på BIM, samt att samarbetspartners inte använder BIM. Bland de företag som hade erfarenhet av BIM upplevdes höga investeringar i hård- och mjukvara som det största hindret. Den klart starkaste drivkraften för att använda BIM är att företagen upplever att de kan hänga med i den tekniska utvecklingen, medan man inte lika starkt upplevde att BIM är en strategiskt viktig fråga. Den andra enkätstudien riktades mot företagens tjänstemän och besvarades av 194 personer. Av dessa hade 35 procent medverkat i projekt där BIM användes i något skede, 35 procent kände till BIM men hade inte medverkat i något projekt där BIM hade använts, medan 30 procent uppgav att de inte hade någon kännedom om BIM. Användningen av BIM för visualisering upplevdes som den främsta nyttan och var även det vanligaste användningsområdet. I likhet med företagsledningen ansåg tjänstemännen att BIM hjälpte företaget att hänga med i den tekniska utvecklingen, samt att BIM kan ge företaget en ökad konkurrenskraft. Avsaknaden av beställarkrav på BIM och höga investeringar i hård- och mjukvara upplevdes som de största hindren. Den omedelbara slutsatsen är att de största upplevda hindren ligger utanför de medelstora entreprenadföretagens kontroll och diskussionen om kommande beställarkrav på BIM har inte satt något större avtryck i företagens verksamhet. Vidare är det värt att notera att 30 procent av respondenterna i enkäten till tjänstemän uppger att de inte har någon kännedom om BIM. Men det finns starka skäl att anta att kännedomen om BIM kommer att öka i och med BIM ingår i utbildningen av ingenjörer på landets högskolor och universitet. Vidare är respondenterna väl medvetna om att det krävs förändring och utveckling av arbetssätt, upphandlingsformer, samt samarbetsformer med partners för att bättre utnyttja möjligheterna med BIM. Men detta är lite motsägelsefullt eftersom man samtidigt håller med i påståendet: ”Jag använder gärna BIM mer om det anpassas till vårt arbetssätt”. En annan slutsats är att icke-användarföretagen väntar på att någon annan skall kräva att de använder BIM, medan företagen som har använt BIM gör det för att de ser fördelar i sin egen verksamhet. Det är även värt att notera att icke-användarna av BIM i enkäten till tjänstemännen har i grunden en positiv inställning till BIM och dess olika användningsområden. När det gäller aktiviteter som företagen själva kan initiera och i synnerhet de företag som redan är involverade i projekt där BIM används, är att börja göra modellerna mera tillgängliga även i produktionsskedet. Slutligen, vad som både användar- och icke användarföretag skall dra nytta är att utnyttja de kunskaper nyutexaminerade byggnadsingenjörer har om BIM. Dessa nyutbildade byggnadsingenjörer kan få både formella och informella roller som BIM-facilitatorer.
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| 4. |
- Isaksson, Anders, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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BIM use in the production process among medium sized contractors : A survey of Swedish medium sized contractors
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building Information Modelling (BIM) is claimed to transform the AEC industry, whereas current research has argued that diffusion of BIM use proceeds at a slower rate than the optimistic predictions. However, governmental initiatives where public clients in countries like Finland, Singapore, United Kingdom and Sweden start to require a Building Information Model as a part of the project delivery, are supposed to increase the pace of diffusion of BIM use. Today, larger contractor firms use BIM to a varying extent. But BIM use in mid-sized contractor firms, with 50 – 500 employees, which successfully can compete with larger contractors on projects up to 50 million Euros, is relatively unknown. The aim of the paper is to explore the current use and perceived challenges and driving forces of BIM-implementation among mid-sized contractors. The data used in this study is collected through a survey send to chief executive officers, or their closest sub-ordinates, of mid-sized construction firms in Sweden. The survey is based on a technology-, organization-, environment framework that is used in information systems research in order to study the use of inter-organizational information systems. The total population of firms in the survey is 136. The preliminary results presented in this paper are based on 31 answers (30 percent response rate). 58 percent of the respondents said that they have been involved in a project where BIM has been used in some way. The most commonly used application is visualization. The highest obstacles perceived are that partners are not using BIM, there is no demand from clients, and there is no internal demand in the company. For the two last obstacles there were significant differences between users and non-users. The most common perceived driving forces were that BIM is a means for following the technical development and BIM can give the company competitive advantages. Moreover, the results indicate that the main driver behind BIM-implementation is mainly determined by an individual’s subjective positive or negative evaluation of BIM, rather than by external pressure from clients and partners, or by internal capacity and knowledge to use BIM.
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| 5. |
- Isaksson, Anders, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental considerations in the Swedish building and construction industry: the role of costs, institutional setting, and information
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7772 .- 1566-4910. ; 33:4, s. 615-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite increasing evidence that being an environment-friendly company not only benefits the environment but also makes long-term economic sense, the transition to a more sustainable society is extremely slow. This is true of the building and construction industry as well. At a strategic level, environmental issues have received more attention with the establishment of roles such as environmental managers and implementation of advanced environmental management systems. However, adoption has been slow in the absence of a holistic approach to environmental challenges, partly reinforced by a perception that giving more than the legally required level of environmental consideration will only add to costs without corresponding financial benefits. This raises the following question that the study aims to answer: What is the most important factor influencing decision makers’ in adopting environmental considerations? To this end, it analysed questionnaire data collected from decision makers in the Swedish construction industry along with an in-depth case study of a specific building and construction company. The results show that decision makers perceive informational and institutional constraints on the adoption of environmental considerations. Lack of information is perceived as the biggest obstacle to environmental considerations. If information and knowledge about clients’ and end users’ financial benefits from adopting environmental considerations need to be exploited, they have to be supported by contractual forms that discard a short-term focus on the investment costs of a building in favour of a focus on long-term operational and maintenance costs and benefits.
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| 6. |
- Linderoth, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived potential of BIM – the mediating role of practice.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings International Conference on Civil and Building Engineering Informatics (ICCBEI), Taiwan, April 19-21..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- BIM is claimed to be one of the most promising developments in the industry and many researchers and practitioners seem to agree on BIM’s potential applicability in- and benefits for construction. However, what the potential, or full potential is, is a bit unclear. As well as for other Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), an objective full potential for BIM does not exist due to technology and knowledge development. But is there some alternative concept instead of potential that better capture the technologies enabling features and the interpretive dimensions? The concept of IT-affordance has been used to describe the appropriation of open ended flexible technologies and is described as: a potential for action that emerges out of the interrelationships among the technical features of a system, people’s ability and predisposition to use these features in certain ways, and the organizational context within which this takes place. The aim of the paper is to explore how the blend of technology’s features, people’s abilities and predispositions, and the organizational context influence the perceived potential for action (PPA). This will be achieved by a survey to three different groups: practitioners with and without experience of BIM-use, and last year’s bachelor students in civil engineering. It is concluded that experience of technology has a positive impact on PPA, but a blend of experiences from BIM use in practice and circumstances in practice has a strong negative moderating effect on users PPA. Among practitioners with experience of BIM, the PPA is aligned with the project logic. this is, PPA is strongly predicted by perceptions of BIM as mean for supporting decisions for cost reduction, at the same time as lack of internal competence is perceived as a constraint.
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| 7. |
- Linderoth, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Potentials for Environmental Management Accounting In an "Ordinary" Company : A Study of a Building and Construction Company
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st annual conference World Accounting Frontiers Series (WAFS). - : University of Macau. - 9789993798651 ; , s. 376-395
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a result of the growing concern in society of sustainable development researchers have paid more and more attention to topics like corporate social responsibility, environmental accounting, environmental management accounting (EMA). Advocates for EMA regard it as the fifth stage in the evolution of management accounting, but many organizations still have the focus on the first two stages: cost determination and financial control, and the provision of information for management planning and control. The aim of the paper is to investigate constraints and facilitators for taking environmental considerations in decision making, in order to uncover potentials for EMA in a company. A major Swedish building and construction company is studied by the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data. It is concluded that the organizing of operations by projects with set timelines and budgets implies a main focus on costs and with limited space for taking sustainability and environmental aspects into consideration, more than what is legislated or agreed upon in the industry. And, if decision makers want to take environmental considerations they lack information and knowledge. However, there are opportunities for increasing sustainability and environmental considerations. First by align issues of sustainability and environment with issues of quality and long term costs and second by taking advantages of opportunities brought by new contractual form regulating building and construction projects.
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| 8. |
- Linderoth, Henrik, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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The perceived usefulness of BIM – The mediating role of practice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Civil and Building Engineering Informatics. - : National Taiwan University. - 9789869508308 ; , s. 71-74
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- BIM is claimed to be one of the most promising developments in the industry and many researchers and practitioners seem to agree on BIM’s potential applicability in- and benefits for construction. However, what the potential, or full potential is, is a bit unclear. As well as for other Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), an objective full potential for BIM does not exist due to technology and knowledge development. But is there some alternative concept instead of potential that better captures the technology’s enabling features and the interpretive dimensions? The concept of IT-affordance has been used to describe the appropriation of open ended flexible technologies and is described as: a potential for action that emerges out of the interrelationships among the technical features of a system, people’s ability and predisposition to use these features in certain ways, and the organizational context within which this takes place. The aim of the paper is to explore how the combination of technology’s features, people’s abilities and predispositions, and the organizational context influence the perceived potential for action (PPA). This is achieved by a survey to three different groups: practitioners with and without experience of BIM-use, and final year’s bachelor students in civil engineering. It is concluded that experience of technology has a positive impact on PPA, but a combination of experiences from BIM use in practice and circumstances in practice has a strong negative moderating effect on users PPA. Among practitioners with experience of BIM, the PPA is aligned with the project logic. This is, PPA is strongly predicted by perceptions of BIM as mean for supporting decisions for cost reduction, at the same time as lack of internal competence is perceived as a constraint.
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| 9. |
- Linderoth, Henrik, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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What is the “Potential” of new ICT and how are Perceptions Shaped by Experience of Use and Practice? - The Case of Building Information Modelling
- 2016
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Ingår i: The 27th Australasian Conference on Information Systems. - 9781741282672
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of new open ended ICT (Information and communication Technology). is often accompanied by optimistic predictions about the technologies inherent capabilities, or “potential”, to solve a wide array organizational related problems. In the building and construction industry, BIM – Building Information Modelling – is such an example. However, unrealistic expectations about a technology is also a determinant for failed implementations, but at the same time ICT-induced transformation of organizations and industries is a well-known phenomenon. This research in progress paper has two interlinked explorative aims. First, how can the “potential” of a technology be captured? Second, how does experience of practice and experience of technology use shape the perceived potential of a technology. The data is collected via a survey to practitioners, with and without BIM-experiences, in medium sized contractor companies, and last year’s bachelor students in civil engineering. The total number of respondents was 205. In order to achieve the first aim, it is needed to inquire how users and prospective users’ perception of a technology’s “potential” can be captured? It can be claimed that constructs used when adoption of open ended ICT is studied, implicitly or explicitly, emphasize a status quo, then a transformation of organizational processes and structures. The results show that one alternative for measuring perceived “potential” is to measure respondents’ perceptions about how useful different applications are in practice. However, this scale needs to be developed in order to become more applicable different industries. Based on the measurement of perceived “potential” the results indicate that experience of practice had a negative impact on the perceived “potential”, whereas experience of technology had a positive impact compared to respondents with experience of practice but no experience of technology. It is concluded that further research is needed on which factors these shape the perceived potential when experienced technology user also gain an increased experience of practice.
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