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- Nilsson, Linda K, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid in male and female controls - Correlation with monoamine metabolites and influences of confounding factors
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 41:1-2, s. 144-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concentrations of the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) and the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 43 healthy volunteers (30 males and 13 females). Healthy female controls displayed higher CSF concentration of KYNA (1.91 nM ± 0.20) compared to healthy male controls (1.06 nM ± 0.07) and lower CSF levels of HMPG (39.2 nM ± 2.0 and 43.4 ± 1.2, respectively). CSF levels of HVA and 5-HIAA did not differ between females (181.3 nM ± 21.9 and 93.7 nM ± 11.4, respectively) and males (138.9 nM ± 12.6 and 74.8 nM ± 5.9, respectively). Positive intercorrelations were found between CSF KYNA, HVA and 5-HIAA while CSF content of HMPG did not correlate with KYNA or the other monoamine metabolites in CSF. A negative correlation was found between back length and CSF concentrations of KYNA, HVA and 5-HIAA and also between CSF KYNA levels and body height. The results of the present study suggest that concentrations of KYNA and the monoamine metabolites in CSF from healthy controls are dependent on gender and back length, which must be taken in consideration when analysing mixed groups of men and women. The higher KYNA concentration found in female controls compared to male might be attributed to a shorter back in women compared to men. Furthermore, these findings suggest that increased KYNA formation is associated with an increased dopamine and serotonin turnover. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson-Todd, Linda K, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid in male patients with schizophrenia - Correlation with monoamine metabolites
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Neuropsychiatrica. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-2708 .- 1601-5215. ; 19:1, s. 45-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous glutamate/nicotinic receptor antagonist. Previous studies have shown that the concentration of the compound is increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, it has been found that the CSF concentration of KYNA is positively correlated to CSF concentrations of the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in healthy control subjects. Objectives: To study the correlations between KYNA and the monoamine metabolites HVA, 5-HIAA and 4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) in CSF of male patients (n = 53, ranging from 20 to 48 years of age) with verified schizophrenia. Methods: CSF was obtained by lumbar puncture, and KYNA analysis was performed with an isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography system connected to a fluorescence detector. HVA, 5-HIAA and HMPG concentrations were measured by mass fragmentography with deuterium-labelled internal standards. Results: Positive intercorrelations were found between CSF KYNA, HVA and 5-HIAA, while CSF content of HMPG did not correlate to KYNA or any of the monoamine metabolites in CSF. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that increased KYNA formation is associated with an increased dopamine and serotonin turnover in male patients with schizophrenia. © 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard.
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| 3. |
- Olsson, Sara K., et al.
(författare)
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Elevated levels of kynurenic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bipolar disorder
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. - : CMA Joule Inc.. - 1180-4882 .- 1488-2434. ; 35:3, s. 195-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with schizophrenia show elevated brain levels of the neuroactive tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) This astrocyte] derived mediator acts as a neuroprotectant and modulates sensory gating and cognitive functiona We measured the levels of KYNA in the cerebrospinal fluid T vSyU of patients with bipolar disorder and healthy volunteers to investigate the putative involvement of KYNA in bipolar disorder. Methods: We obtained CSF by lumbar puncture from 23 healthy men and 31 euthymic men with bipolar disorder. We analyzed the samples using high] performance liquid chromatography. Results: Patients with bipolar disorder had increased levels of KYNA in their CSF compared with healthy volunteers (1.71 nM, standard error of the mean [SEM] cad, va dad, nM, SEM cacln p = 0.002. The levels of KYNA were positively correlated with age among bipolar patients but not healthy volunteersa Limitations: The influence of ongoing drug treatment among patients cannot be ruled outa We conducted our study during the euthymic phase of the diseasea Conclusion: Brain KYNA levels are increased in euthymic men with bipolar disorder. In addition, KYNA levels increased with age in these patientsa These findings indicate shared mechanisms between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Elevated levels of brain KYNA may provide further insight to the pathophysiology and progression of bipolar disorder.
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