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- Alshamari, Muhammed, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain : prospective study and systematic review
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - New York : Springer. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 26:6, s. 1766-1774
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels.Methods: Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present.Results: Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %.Conclusions: Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain.Key points: • Low-dose CT has a higher diagnostic accuracy than radiography. • A systematic review shows that CT has better diagnostic accuracy than radiography. • Radiography has no place in the workup of acute non-traumatic abdominal pain.
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| 3. |
- Sahlin, Eva A. U., et al.
(författare)
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Connectivity analyses of valley patterns indicate preservation of a preglacial fluvial valley system in the Dyfi basin, Wales
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7878. ; 120, s. 245-255
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coastal valleys in the west part of Mid-Wales, such as the Mawddach, Dysynni, Tal-y-Ilyn and Dyfi, acted as corridors for ice which drained the Welsh Ice Cap during the Devensian. Analyses of detailed digital elevation models, and interpretation of satellite images and aerial photographs, show the existence of large variations in the amount of glacial modification between these valleys. Although all the valleys are glacially over-deepened along late Caledonian fault lines, only the Dyfi basin exhibits a dendritic pattern, with V-shaped cross-profiles and valley spurs typical of valleys formed by fluvial processes. Connectivity analysis of the Dyfi basin shows that it exhibits an almost completely dendritic pattern with connectivity alpha and beta values of 0.74 and 1.01, respectively, with little glacial modification of the preglacial fluvial valley pattern in the form of glacial valley breaching. Several examples of glacial meltwater incision into a well-developed pre-existing river valley system, causing river capture across watersheds, have been identified in the Dyfi basin. The degree of preservation of the preglacial fluvial valley system within the Dyfi basin indicates limited modification by glacial processes, despite the area being subjected to glacier activity during the Late Devensian at least. It is possible that major parts of the basin were covered by cold-based or slow-moving ice, close to, or under, a migrating ice-divide, with the major ice drainage Occurring along the weaker zone of the Pennal Fault along which teh Dyfi valley is located, causing minor adjustments to the Surrounding interfluves and uplands. it is proposed here that the general river valley morphology of the Dyfi basin is of a pre-Late Devensian age.
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- Törnvall, Eva, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Preliminary Evidence for the Usefulness of Standardized Nursing Terminologies in Different Fields of Application: A Literature Review.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International journal of nursing knowledge. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-3087 .- 2047-3095. ; 28:2, s. 109-119
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE:To examine the effects of using standardized terminologies in nursing.METHODS:A systematic literature research was conducted in June 2015 going back to January 2007. A modified narrative synthesis was used as the structure for the analysis.RESULTS:Twenty-three articles were included. Three themes were identified: enable evaluation of nursing-sensitive outcome indicators, enable calculation of resource consumption, and characterize nursing care.CONCLUSIONS:The studies included in the analysis described evidence for usefulness rather than effect. In all the studies, standardized nursing terminology was found to be essential for measuring, clarifying, and understanding nursing care.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE:The use of standardized terminologies could be advantageous. However, there are shortcomings in nursing documentation and the use of standardized nursing terminologies that obstruct evaluation of nursing care
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