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| 3. |
- Boersma, Katja, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Lowering fear-avoidance and enhancing function through exposure in vivo : a multiple baseline study across six patients with back pain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 108:1-2, s. 8-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of an exposure in vivo treatment for chronic pain patients with high levels of fear and avoidance. The fear-avoidance model offers an enticing explanation of why some back pain patients develop persistent disability, stressing the role of catastrophic interpretations; largely fueled by beliefs and expectations that activity will cause injury and will worsen the pain problem. Recently, an exposure in vivo treatment was developed that aims to enhance function by directly addressing these fears and expectations. The purpose of this study was to describe the short-term, consequent effect of an exposure in vivo treatment. The study employed a multiple baseline design with six patients who were selected based on their high levels of fear and avoidance. The results demonstrated clear decreases in rated fear and avoidance beliefs while function increased substantially. These improvements were observed even though rated pain intensity actually decreased somewhat. Thus, the results replicate and extend the findings of previous studies to a new setting, with other therapists and a new research design. These results, together with the initial studies, provide a basis for pursuing and further developing the exposure technique and to test it in group designs with larger samples.
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| 4. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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On-line simulations for diagnostics and control
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Control Systems 2010 Proceedings. - Stockholm : SPCI.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective of this project is to develop an application where physical models of fibre lines are run in parallel to the real processes. This application can be useful as a diagnostic tool to detect faults and improve process operations. By running the simulation models continuously, feeding input data from the process data base at a pre-determined time interval, the simulation will show results from the “normal operations”. These simulation results are compared to the measured data and hence faults can be detected e.g. hang-ups in the digester and channelling. NIR-spectra lab measurements of the wood chips fed into the digester can as well be considered. This feature give us the possibility of correlating the quality of the obtained pulp to the raw material used, which can be of help when tuning the process parameters.In this paper results from the use of the application described above in several mills in South Africa and results from some preliminary tests in a mill in Sweden are presented. Moreover, the system structure for the interaction between the physical models designed in Modellica language and the real process data is described.
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| 5. |
- Hakalehto, E., et al.
(författare)
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Some remarks on processing of slaughterhouse wastes from ecological chicken abattoir and farm
- 2016
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Ingår i: Microbiological Industrial Hygiene. - : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781634852937 - 9781634852685 ; , s. 271-293
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the meat industries, it is always of high importance to follow up the zoonotic and other hazardous micro-organisms, and to prevent their risky distribution, emission and dissemination. Besides proper hygiene control, as well as organized exploitation of the side streams and slaughterhouse wastes helps in the hygienization of the biomasses, processes, and the entire industry. During this experimentation it turned out that it was possible to produce gases and chemical goods, not only from the carboxylates, but also from the more tedious protein and lipid containing wastes. Moreover, these promising results were obtained from a substrate mix with manure and wood chips. These results implied to the high versatility and flexibility of the bioprocess during Pilot A tests within the European Union Baltic Sea region project ABOWE. In Sweden these tests were carried out using the combined wastes from the ecological chicken farm and abattoir as the raw materials. This is a report of the practical set up during intensive experimentation conducted jointly by the Swedish and Finnish personnel. The report of the runs in Sweden is presented also in the public report of the European Union funded project (www.abowe.eu).
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| 6. |
- Jansson, Johan, 1975-
(författare)
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Digester modelling for diagnostics and control
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis will show the possibility for the development and use of an on-line model for application to continuous digesters for pulp production. The model is developed by using a program called Dymola (Dynamic Modeling Laboratory). What makes the Dymola software so well suited is that the program solves equations simultaneously. The model is a further development from the Purdue model [Bhartiya et al, 2003]. The main difference between this model and the Purdue model however, is the dynamics in the model. The dynamics are very important when you use the model for control purposes because the cooking process has long dead and retention times. The main purpose of this model is to use it for the advanced control of continuous digesters as well as giving the operators a better understanding of what happens in the cooking process when changes are made. The model will also be used for diagnostic purposes. Advanced control in this case is Model Predicted Control (MPC). The MPC will control the quality of the pulp “kappa” number and the chemical consumption during digestion. This thesis describes the model and results are shown for applications of on-line diagnosis in three pulp mills in South Africa. Real time process data from the pulp mills is fed into the model and a simulation is performed. Thereafter, the results from the simulation are compared to the actual measured data for a number of key variables. By comparing the simulation results to the real process data and following the trends of the deviations between the two, different types of faults and upsets can be detected in both the process and sensors.
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Model based control and optimization in pulpindustry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SIMS 2004. - 8774753169 ; , s. 103-110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a combination of the usage of a model for the whole mill on-line simulation and more advanced models for specific process sections for control systems and online diagnostics. Different solution methods are described together with where the different approaches are best suited.
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| 8. |
- Jansson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Model based control and optimization of continuous digester
- 2008
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Ingår i: TAPPSA Journal.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous pulp digesters are large reactors with significant residence time. They play a critical role in shaping the pulp qualities achieved at the product-end. For this reason, there is a big drive towards developing fundamental dynamic models to be used for better process understanding and control (especially in the development of model based controllers).In this paper we discuss the use of physical models for diagnostics and process optimization of a continuous digester. Accurate diagnostics are not possible without the use of a pressure-flow net. The pressure-flow net also makes it possible to validate pressure and flow sensors in the circulation around the digester. For control purposes however, the pressure-flow net is not so important. Two dynamic physical models were built for a continuous digester, one with a pressure-flow net and one without. The model without the pressure-flow net has been tuned and tested with good results at Ngodwana mill. It was not possible to get the model which included the pressure-flow net running with as many digester section blocks as we wanted due to the he system becoming stiff. However, for a lower number of sections results were obtained. With an adjustment of the boundary conditions, higher number of sections should be possible to test as well.
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| 9. |
- Jansson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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On-line simulation of continuous pulp digester
- 2009
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Ingår i: TAPPSA Journal.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous cooking is the dominant process in the kraft pulping industry. Our general knowledge and understanding of process conditions inside the digester is limited. Process control systems comprise of groups of measurements, which give information about conditions at the outer shell of the digester. These measurements mostly tell about cooking liquor inflows and outflows, temperature and it is also possible to measure pressure or pressure difference at the screen section of the digester shell. But ultimately process conditions inside the digester are based on measurements at the shell and intelligent approximations. The aim of this paper is to describe more accurately the cooking conditions and phenomena inside the digester. A model of a continuous digester was developed as an extension of the well known Purdue model [Bhartiya, 2003]. The model was adapted to simulate an industrial Lo-Solids pulp digester as well as an ITC digester. The models were then used to do online predictions and these predictions were compared with the actual plant performance.
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- Kostela, Johan, Doktor i Fysikalisk kemi, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Varför flytta? : En studie av in- och utflyttning för kommunerna i Region Siljan
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Demografiskt sett ligger regionen före övriga Sverige när det gäller antalet personer i arbetsför ålder som snart ska gå i ålderspension, detta innebär att behovet av nyrekrytering av arbetskraft kommer att uppstå inom en nära framtid. Detta är positivt ur synvinkeln att regionen kan komma att få ett försprång gentemot andra när det gäller att hantera problematiken. Det negativa är att man snabbare ställs inför utmaningen att få tillräckligt många att arbeta med offentlig service samt att skapa möjligheter för näringslivet att rekrytera arbetskraft så att man även i fortsättningen kan vara konkurrenskraftiga. Kommunernas befolkning är av stor vikt, både för att kunna planera service och tjänster och för att kunna få en hållbar ekonomi i kommunerna. I stort sett alla Sveriges kommuner har ett önskemål om att kunna öka sin befolkning, och därigenom sitt skatteunderlag. Verkligheten ser dock ut på ett annat sätt. Ett antal stora orter ökar i befolkning, samtidigt som de flesta kommunerna minskar sin. Födelsenettot är historiskt sett lågt och den nationella ökning av befolkning som sker, sker framförallt i storstäderna och drivs på med hjälp av invandring. Denna bild ger kommunerna en hel del att tänka på för att på sikt kunna lösa servicen till medborgarna, både ekonomiskt och med tanke på en minskad befolkning i arbetsför ålder.
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