| 1. |
- Hergens, Maria-Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Scandinavian Moist Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Epidemiology. - 1044-3983 .- 1531-5487. ; 25:6, s. 872-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Snus is a smokeless tobacco product, widely used among Swedish men and increasingly so elsewhere. There is debate as to whether snus is an acceptable "harm-reduction" tobacco product. Since snus use delivers a dose of nicotine equivalent to cigarettes, and has been implicated in cardiac arrhythmia because of associations with sudden cardiovascular death, a relation with atrial fibrillation is plausible and important to investigate.METHODS:: To assess the relation between use of snus and risk of atrial fibrillation, we carried out a pooled analysis of 7 prospective Swedish cohort studies. In total, 274,882 men, recruited between 1978 and 2004, were followed via the National Patient Register for atrial fibrillation. Primary analyses were restricted to 127,907 never-smokers. Relative risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression.RESULTS:: The prevalence of snus use was 25% among never-smokers. During follow-up, 3,069 cases of atrial fibrillation were identified. The pooled relative risk of atrial fibrillation was 1.07 (95% confidence interval = 0.97-1.19) in current snus users, compared with nonusers.CONCLUSION:: Findings from this large national pooling project indicate that snus use is unlikely to confer any important increase in risk of atrial fibrillation.
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| 2. |
- Fryk, Emanuel, et al.
(författare)
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Galectin-1 correlates with inflammatory markers and T regulatory cells in children with type 1 diabetes and/or celiac disease
- 2024
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Oxford University Press. - 1365-2249 .- 0009-9104. ; 215:3, s. 240-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CeD) are common autoimmune diseases in children where the pathophysiology is not fully characterized. The autoimmune process involves a complex scenario of both inflammatory and regulatory features. Galectin-1 (GAL-1) has a wide range of biological activities e.g. interaction with immune cells. We examined the relationship between GAL-1 and soluble immune markers and T-cell subsets in a cohort of children with T1D and/or CeD relative to healthy children. GAL-1, together with several soluble immune markers [e.g. interleukins (IL)], tumor necrosis factor (TNF), acute phase proteins, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) were measured in sera from children with T1D and/or CeD by fluorochrome (Luminex) technique using children without these diseases as a reference. Subgroups of T cells, including T-regulatory (Treg) cells, were analysed by flow cytometry. Association between GAL-1, pro-inflammatory markers, and Treg cells differed depending on which illness combination was present. In children with both T1D and CeD, GAL-1 correlated positively with pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha). Composite scores increased the strength of correlation between GAL-1 and pro-inflammatory markers, Th1-associated interferon (IFN)-gamma, and T1D-associated visfatin. Contrary, in children diagnosed with exclusively T1D, GAL-1 was positively correlated to CD25hi and CD25hiCD101+ Treg cells. For children with only CeD, no association between GAL-1 and other immune markers was observed. In conclusion, the association observed between GAL-1, soluble immune markers, and Treg cells may indicate a role for GAL-1 in the pathophysiology of T1D and, to some extent, also in CeD. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CeD) are common autoimmune diseases in children where pathophysiology is not fully characterized. The autoimmune process involves a complex scenario of both inflammatory and regulatory features. Galectin-1 (GAL-1) has a wide range of biological activities e.g. interaction with immune cells and the association observed between GAL-1, soluble immune markers, and T regulatory (Treg) cells may indicate a role for GAL-1 in the pathophysiology of children with T1D and, to some extent, also in children with CeD. Graphical Abstract
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| 3. |
- Jarfors, Anders E.W. 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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In-Production Rheometry of Semi-Solid Metal Slurries
- 2022
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Ingår i: Metals. - : MDPI. - 2075-4701. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semi-solid aluminium alloy processing (SSM) has advanced into a more mature process with many applications. The current paper aims to investigate the in-process behaviour of a production slurry using an engineering approach to estimate the properties. A method to assess the rheological properties of a semi-solid metal slurry was tested and found capable of producing meaningful measurements. The foundations of this were to use a Rushton turbine setup for the assessment through a model to optimize the factors included in the slurry rheology. In the analysis of the static and dynamic part of the viscosity, it was concluded that the slurry turns increasingly into a solid with increasing solid fractions where the static shear strength dominates the rheology more and more compared to the dynamic components. The static yield strength was also found significantly more dominant with increasing solid fraction, suggesting that the industrial-scale analysis using models based on Ostwald-de Waale and Carreau modelling is far from sufficient for a process, such as the RheoMetal process, with a very rapid slurry generation.
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| 4. |
- Jarfors, Anders E.W. 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Selecting Cast Alloy Alloying Elements Suitable for a Circular Society
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resource efficiency, energy usage, and carbon footprint drive the need to use aluminium alloys to manufacture lightweight components. The current paper targets the effects of alloy composition on the heat associated with remelting from a material circularity perspective. Si as an alloying element increases the required heat in the recycling cycle. Limiting the Si content in cast materials can reduce the energy needed in the recycling process by 20%, leading to significant gains in energy usage and CO2 emissions from gas heated furnaces and fossil fuel-generated electricity.
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| 5. |
- Jarfors, Anders, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of process parameters on surface appearance and roughness of a low Si containing Al-alloy, in semisolid casting
- 2015
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Ingår i: Solid State Phenomena. - Switzerland : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 1012-0394 .- 1662-9779. ; 217-218, s. 318-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The visual appearance and surface roughness were experimentally investigated inindustrial scale for a low silicon containing aluminium alloy cast in semisolid state integrated withHPDC machine. A visual comparative technique and surface roughness in the form of the Rq valuewere used to evaluate the surface appearance and the surface roughness respectively. The resultswere investigated statistically to find significant models. It was shown that high quality appearance,following a comparative scale, was possible using high die temperature and high injection speed. Itwas also found that improving the surface roughness will deteriorate the visual appearance.
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| 6. |
- Li, Ziyu, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing Rheocasting Process Control with AI-based Systems
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semisolid casting has emerged as an attractivealternative to conventional casting methods due to its potentialto yield superior mechanical properties, reduce environmentalpollution, and decrease production costs. However, optimizingprocess parameters and controlling the casting process remainschallenging. Process control largely relies on human expertise,associated with significant time and cost expenditures. Inresponse, this study presents a third-circle research project toinvestigate the correlation between the casting process and thesolidification process. The study proposes leveraging AI technologyto digitize the entire process control, thereby increasing thereliability and stability of cast products’ quality. The researchwill focus on understanding the key factors influencing thecasting process and developing an AI-based decision supportsystem to aid in process parameter selection and optimization.The outcomes of this study are expected to contribute to thedevelopment of more reliable and efficient semisolid castingprocesses.
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