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- Ahmad, Shafqat, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of General Adiposity and Central Body Fat Distribution on the Circulating Metabolome : A Multi-Cohort Nontargeted Metabolomics Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 71:2, s. 329-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is associated with adverse health outcomes, but the metabolic effects have not yet been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the association between adiposity with circulating metabolites and to address causality with Mendelian randomization (MR). Metabolomics data was generated by non-targeted ultra-performance liquid-chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass-spectrometry in plasma and serum from three population-based Swedish cohorts: ULSAM (N=1,135), PIVUS (N=970), and TwinGene (N=2,059). We assessed associations between general adiposity measured as body mass index (BMI) and central body fat distribution measured as waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI) with 210 annotated metabolites. We employed MR analysis to assess causal effects. Lastly, we attempted to replicate the MR findings in the KORA and TwinsUK cohorts (N=7,373), the CHARGE consortium (N=8,631), the Framingham Heart Study (N=2,076) and the DIRECT consortium (N=3,029). BMI was associated with 77 metabolites, while WHRadjBMI was associated with 11 and 3 metabolites in women and men, respectively. The MR analyses in the Swedish cohorts suggested a causal association (p-value <0.05) of increased general adiposity and reduced levels of arachidonic acid, dodecanedioic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine (P-16:0) as well as with increased creatine levels. The replication effort provided support for a causal association of adiposity on reduced levels of arachidonic acid (p-value 0.03). Adiposity is associated with variation of large parts of the circulating metabolome, however causality needs further investigation in well-powered cohorts.
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| 2. |
- Ahmad, Shafqat, et al.
(författare)
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Gene Lifestyle Interactions With Relation to Obesity, Cardiometabolic, and Cardiovascular Traits Among South Asians
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Endocrinology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-2392. ; 10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid rise of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) during the last few decades among South Asians has been largely attributed to a major shift in lifestyles including physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary patterns, and an overall pattern of sedentary lifestyle. Genetic predisposition to these cardiometabolic risk factors may have interacted with these obesogenic environments in determining the higher cardiometabolic disease prevalence. Based on the premise that gene-environment interactions cause obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, we systematically searched the literature and considered the knowledge gaps that future studies might ful fill. We identified only seven published studies that focused specifically on gene-environment interactions for cardiometabolic traits in South Asians, most of which were limited by relatively small sample and lack of replication. Some studies reported that the differences in metabolic response to higher physical activity and low caloric diet might be modified by genetic risk related to these cardiometabolic traits. Although studies on gene lifestyle interactions in cardiometabolic traits report significant interactions, future studies must focus on more precise assessment of lifestyle factors, investigation of a larger set of genetic variants and the application of powerful statistical methods to facilitate translatable approaches. Future studies should also be integrated with findings both using mechanistic studies through laboratory settings and randomized clinical trials for clinical outcomes.
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| 6. |
- Buckholtz, B., et al.
(författare)
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Remote equipment security in cloud manufacturing systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Manufacturing Research. - : Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.. - 1750-0591. ; 11:2, s. 126-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the growing development of cloud manufacturing (CM) applications in industry, one concern potential users have is security of the data, remote machines and operators. Potential security risks in communication with remotely operated manufacturing equipment have been of recent interest. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of security measures being considered to ensure the protection of data being sent to physical machines in a CM system. Topics covered include: internet of things, remote equipment control, security concerns in remote equipment control, existing proposed security measures for remote equipment control, and the future outlook of remote equipment control and security in CM systems.
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| 7. |
- Danermark, Berth, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Hörsel och syn
- 2009
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Ingår i: Folkhälsorapport 2009. - Stockholm : Socialstyrelsen. - 9789197806589 ; , s. 417-424
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ding, K, et al.
(författare)
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DoS attacks on remote state estimation with asymmetric information
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems. - : IEEE. - 2325-5870. ; 6:2, s. 653-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: In this paper, we consider remote state estimation in an adversarial environment. A sensor forwards local state estimates to a remote estimator over a vulnerable network, which may be congested by an intelligent denial-of-service (DoS) attacker. It is assumed that the acknowledgement information from the remote estimator to the sensor is hidden from the attacker, which thus leads to asymmetric information between the sensor and attacker. Considering the infinite-time goals of the two agents and their asymmetric information structure, we model the conflicting nature between the sensor and the attacker by a stochastic Bayesian game. Solutions for this game under two different structures of public information history are investigated, that is, the open-loop structure (in which players cannot observe their opponents' play) and the closed-loop one (in which players can observe the play causally). For the open-loop history case, the original game problem is transformed into a static Bayesian game. We provide the unique mixed-strategy equilibrium explicitly for this game, and analyze the sensor's advantages brought by the extra information. When it comes to the closed-loo
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| 10. |
- Ferrari, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Alzheimer's Disease Progression : Factors Influencing Cognitive Decline
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 61:2, s. 785-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients present high variability in the rate of cognitive decline. Despite the wide knowledge on factors influencing dementia risk, little is known on what accounts for AD progression. Previous studies on this topic have mainly analyzed each factor separately without taking into account the interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors.Objective:The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of demographic, clinical, therapeutic, and genetic factors and their interaction on cognitive decline among newly diagnosed AD patients.Methods:We retrospectively selected 160 AD patients diagnosed at the Neurology Unit of Careggi University Hospital of Florence. We evaluated the occurrence of rapid cognitive changes defined as the worsening of more than four points at the Mini-Mental State Examination after 2-year follow up period.Results:Among the 160 AD patients, 50% presented rapid disease progression. Extrapyramidal signs at disease onset were predictors of worse outcome (OR 2.2), especially among Apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele carriers, while the presence of family history for dementia decreased the risk of rapid progression by about 50%. Higher educated epsilon 4-carriers showed a slower AD progression. We identified the chronic use of aspirin as potential secondary preventative strategy for the non epsilon 4-carriers.Conclusion:At dementia onset, some clinical and demographic data can be predictors of future progression. The outcomes of the present study support the already hypothesized interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors during disease course and suggest genetic-based approaches.
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