| 1. |
- Adawi, Diya, et al.
(författare)
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Safety of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (strain 299v) in an endocarditis animal model
- 2002
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Ingår i: Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0891-060X .- 1651-2235. ; 14:1, s. 50-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Lactobacilli are often considered to be beneficial or non-pathogenic to man, with small numbers of human infections being reported, including septicemia and infective endocarditis. To verify the safety of Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (=strain 299v) administration, we used a well-known endocarditis animal model. Design: Experimental study using Sprague-Dawley rats. Setting: University Hospital, Sweden. Interventions: A catheter was passed down the right common carotid artery into the lumen of the left ventricle. The catheter was tied in place and the neck incision was closed. After 48 h, 0.5 ml of a bacterial suspension was injected through the tail vein. In the endocarditis control we inoculated Staphylococcus lugdunesis CCUG 25349T (T = type strain) and L. plantarum 299v was injected in the blood in L. plantarum group. Main outcome measures: Rats were sacrificed 96 h later and samples were taken from the heart, blood and catheter for bacterial culture and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) evaluation. Results: L. plantarum 299v was injected in the blood but no lactobacilli were found in the heart, blood or catheter after 96 h. RAPD evaluation showed that S. lugdunesis CCUG 25349T was isolated from both blood and heart. Conclusion: The results showed that L. plantarum 299v has no role in the tested endocarditis animal model, which indicates the safety of L. plantarum 299v.
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| 2. |
- Bränning, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Blueberry husks and multi-strain probiotics affect colonic fermentation in rats.
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 100:1, s. 859-870
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate how blueberry husks and/or mixtures of probiotic strains (Lactobacillus crispatus DSM16743, L. gasseri DSM16737 and L. plantarum DSM15313 (LABmix), or Bifidobacterium infantis DSM15159 and DSM15161 (BIFmix)) affect colonic fermentation, caecal counts of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, body weight gain, and blood concentrations of carboxylic acids (CA) and ammonia in rats. Dietary fibres in blueberry husks were fermented to 61 % in colon, and the elevated faecal excretion of fibre and protein contributed to the high faecal bulking capacity (1.3). The caecal pool of CA was higher in rats fed blueberry husks than the fibre-free control (P < 0.05), and the propionic acid proportion was higher in the distal colon than in the control group (P < 0.05). Probiotics lowered the caecal amount of CA when added to blueberry husks (P < 0.001), while the propionic acid proportion was higher with LABmix (P < 0.01) than blueberry husks only. The propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations in blood were higher in rats fed blueberry husks and probiotics than those fed blueberry husks only (P < 0.01), implying that the absorption of these acids was facilitated by the bacteria. The caecal counts of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were lower in rats fed blueberry husks than the control diet (P < 0.05). The body weight gain was partly influenced by the caecal tissue and contents weights, and BIFmix decreased the ammonia concentration in blood (P < 0.05). We conclude that colonic fermentation is differentially affected by dietary fibre and probiotics, which may be of importance when developing foods with certain health effects.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Dykstra, Natalie S, et al.
(författare)
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Pulse Probiotic Administration Induces Repeated Small Intestinal Muc3 Expression in Rats.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - 1530-0447. ; 69, s. 206-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Upon ingestion, probiotics may act to protect the host through a number of protective mechanisms including modulation of genes involved in intestinal innate mucosal defense such as epithelial cell derived mucin glycoproteins and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. To determine the specificity of effect and sustainability of response in vivo, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v), Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 (LrR0011) and Bifidobacterium bifidum R0071 (BbR0071) were added repeatedly or intermittently to the drinking water of Sprague-Dawley rats. Following sacrifice via CO2 suffocation, Muc2, Muc3, NAIP, HIAP1/cIAP2 and HIAP2/cIAP1 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed via RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Live Lp299v, BbR0071 and LrR0011 increased Muc3 protein and mRNA expression in jejunum and ileum. Heat-killed and a non-adherent derivative of Lp299v failed to induce Muc3 expression. Lp299v did induce expression of HIAP2/cIAP1 and NAIP expression. Muc3 mucin expression was elevated for 5 days following oral administration of Lp299v but this effect was not sustained despite ongoing daily ingestion of a probiotic. Intermittent pulse ingestion of probiotics however, was found to repeatedly increase Muc3 expression. We conclude that selected probiotics can induce protective genes of mucosal intestinal epithelial cells, an effect that is reproducible with pulse probiotic administration. ABBREVIATIONS:
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| 5. |
- Falk, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Ileal pelvic pouch microbiota from two former ulcerative colitis patients, analysed by DNA-based methods, were unstable over time and showed the presence of Clostridium perfringens
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 42:8, s. 973-985
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Ileal pouch anal anastomosis ( IPAA) is the preferred method for restorative surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis who have to undergo proctocolectomy. The most common complication is pouchitis and several studies have pointed to the microbiota of the pouch as being a risk factor. The aim of this study was to follow the development of the bacterial microbiota in pouches during the first year. Material and methods. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism ( T-RFLP) combined with cloning and sequencing was used to identify the most predominant bacteria on the different sampling occasions. A total of 274 clones were grouped by T-RFLP and clones from each group were selected for sequencing and identified by comparison with known sequences. Results. Differences in T-RFLP profiles and clone libraries were found between the patients, and also in changes apparent in each patient at different time-points. The main bacterial groups in the pouches resembled those of the normal colonic microbiota, with a predominance of the clostridia clusters XIVa and IV, Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae. Exceptions were clones with sequences resembling those of the Clostridium perfringens group, in both patients and on all sampling occasions, and the dominance of clones resembling Turicibacter in one of the patients at the time of pouch construction. Conclusions. The pouch microbiota showed similarities to the normal colon microbiota except for the presence of clones with sequences resembling those of the C. perfringens group and Turicibacter. The bacterial composition differed between the two patients and the microbiota changed with time, suggesting that the composition is not stable during the first year.
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| 6. |
- Fåk, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Age-related Effects of the Probiotic Bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on Gastrointestinal Function in Suckling Rats
- 2008
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Ingår i: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2568 .- 0163-2116. ; 53:664-671, s. 664-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of a probiotic bacterium on gut function was studied in neonatal animals by using a model with suckling rats. Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) or saline (controls) was fed (3.0 x 10(6) CFU/g b.wt per day) for one week to rats aged either 3, 7 or 14 days, after which bacterial colonization, gut growth, and functional parameters were analyzed. In rats fed with Lp299v from 3 to 10 days of age, an increase in ceacal lactobacilli was correlated with reduced intestinal macromolecular permeability and increased mucosal protein compared to age-matched controls. Pups treated from 7 to 14 days of age showed a decrease in pancreas weight and protein content, whereas pups treated from 14 to 21 days of age showed little effect of the Lp299v treatment. The results indicated that the bacterial exposure affected the gut function, where the effects were age-related and the youngest rats appeared most sensitive.
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| 7. |
- Fåk, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal consumption of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v affects gastrointestinal growth and function in the suckling rat.
- 2008
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 100:2, s. 332-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After birth, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract undergoes vast structural and functional adaptations to be able to digest mother's milk and later, during the weaning period, solid food. Studies on germ-free animals have shown the role of the gut microbiota for stimulating GI maturation, but which groups are involved is unclear. In the present study, we administered the probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v), in the drinking water to pregnant and lactating rat dams until their pups had reached an age of 14 d. It was found that Lp299v colonizing the mothers were also able to colonize the pups, which had an impact on their gut growth and function. The small intestine, pancreas and liver weighed more in the 14 d-old pups born from dams exposed to Lp299v than in the control pups from dams given only water. Furthermore, the Lp299v pups showed decreased gut permeability. Despite a heavier spleen in the Lp299v pups, as compared to the control pups, no significant increase in the acute-phase protein, haptoglobin, was found. In conclusion, the results reported here clearly show that manipulating the maternal microflora by exposing expecting mothers to a Gram-positive, probiotic bacterium prior to parturition and during lactation impacts the gut growth and function in the offspring.
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| 8. |
- Fåk, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial manipulation of the rat dam changes bacterial colonization and alters properties of the gut in her offspring.
- 2008
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1547 .- 0193-1857. ; 294, s. 148-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of an altered bacterial colonization on gut development has not been thoroughly studied, despite the increased risk of certain diseases with a disturbed microbiota after birth. This study was conducted to determine the effect of microbial manipulation, i.e. antibiotic treatment or Escherichia coli (E. coli) exposure, of the dam on bacterial colonization and gut development in the offspring. Pregnant rats were administered either broad-spectrum antibiotics three days prior to parturition, or live non-pathogenic E. coli CCUG 29300T one week before parturition and up to 14 days of lactation in the drinking water. Caecal bacterial levels, gut growth, intestinal permeability, digestive enzyme levels and intestinal inflammation were studied in two-week old rats. Pups from dams that were antibiotic-treated had higher densities of Enterobacteriaceae which correlated with a decreased stomach growth and function, lower pancreatic protein levels, higher intestinal permeability and increased plasma levels of the acute phase protein, haptoglobin, compared with pups from untreated mothers. Exposure of pregnant/lactating mothers to E. coli CCUG 29300T, also resulting in increased Enterobacteriaceae levels, gave in the offspring similar results on the stomach and an increased small intestinal growth as compared to the control pups. Furthermore, E. coli pups showed increased mucosal disaccharidase activities, increased liver, spleen and adrenal weights, as well as increased plasma concentrations of haptoglobin. These findings indicate that disturbing the normal bacterial colonization after birth, by increasing the densities of caecal Enterobacteriaceae, appear to have lasting effects on the postnatal microflora which affects gut growth and function.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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The Lactobacillus flora in vagina and rectum of fertile and postmenopausal healthy Swedish women
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Women's Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6874. ; 11:Article. nr 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: Lactobacillus species are the most often found inhabitants of vaginal ecosystem of fertile women. In postmenopausal women with low oestrogen levels, Lactobacillus flora is diminishing or absent. However, no studies have been performed to investigate the correlation between oestrogen levels and the lactobacilli in the gut. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation in healthy women between vaginal and rectal microbial flora as well as possible variations with hormone levels. Methods: Vaginal and rectal smears were taken from 20 healthy fertile women, average 40 years (range 28-49 years), in two different phases of the menstrual cycle, and from 20 postmenopausal women, average 60 years (range 52-85 years). Serum sex hormone levels were analyzed. Bacteria from the smears isolated on Rogosa Agar were grouped by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA and identified by multiplex PCR and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Lactobacillus crispatus was more often found in the vaginal flora of fertile women than in that of postmenopausal (p = 0.036). Fifteen of 20 fertile women had lactobacilli in their rectal smears compared to 10 postmenopausal women (p = 0.071). There was no correlation between the number of bacteria in vagina and rectum, or between the number of bacteria and hormonal levels. Neither could any association between the presence of rectal lactobacilli and hormonal levels be found. Conclusion: Lactobacillus crispatus was more prevalent in the vaginal flora of fertile women, whereas the Lactobacillus flora of rectum did not correlate to the vaginal flora nor to hormonal levels.
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