| 1. |
- Andersson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Implantable drainage after major abdominal surgery in compromised patients
- 1990
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Ingår i: HPB Surgery. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1607-8462 .- 0894-8569. ; 2:4, s. 261-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The risk of superinfection following routine abdominal drainage after major surgery is debated. Especially in patients with malignant diseases and a compromised host defense, this might be a factor increasing morbidity and mortality. During a 3-year period (1986-1988) 41 patients operated on for malignant abdominal conditions received a peritoneal catheter connected to a subcutaneous portal inserted in order to participate in a trial on postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy using 5-Fluorouracil. No abdominal drains were inserted. In 15 patients, the subcutaneous portal was used for evacuation of postoperative fluid accumulation within the abdomen. The mean age was 53 (range 41-70) years. Inserted catheters were used for drainage up to 14 days postoperatively. The daily amount of fluid drained varied from 20 to 2,000 ml with a mean of 610 ml/patient and day. One patient required removal of the catheter due to infection around the subcutaneous chamber. Otherwise, the catheter system was not associated with any other complications or complaints. One patient developed a postoperative left subphrenic abscess drained percutaneously by the guidance of ultrasonography, a complication that could not be attributed to the catheter system but merely to the major operation per se. An implantable device for peritoneal access thus also seem useful for drainage of postoperative fluid collection, as evaluated in this preliminary report.
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| 2. |
- Thorlacius, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacilli attenuate bacteremia and endotoxemia associated with severe intra-abdominal infection
- 2003
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Ingår i: Surgery. - 1532-7361. ; 134:3, s. 467-473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Systemic administration of antibiotics or selective decontamination is frequently used in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections originating from the gastrointestinal flora. In this study, we wanted to compare. the protective effect of enteral administration of lactobacilli to gentamicin against severe intra-abdominal infection. Methods. Male Sprague Dawley rats underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Rats were pretreated with saline, Lactobacillus R2LC, and gentamicin. Bacterial growth and endotoxin levels in the blood, reticuloendothelial system (RES) function, and intestinal transit were determined up to 24 hours after CLP. Results. CLP-provoked bacteremia was significantly reduced by 48% and 55% in lactobacilli- and gentamicin-treated rats, respectively. Notably, CLP-induced endotoxemia was abolished at 12 hours, and reduced by 47% at 24 hours, in rats pretreated with lactobacilli., Gentamicin reduced endotoxin levels provoked by CLP by 86% at 12 hours, but had no effect at 24 hours. Lactobacilli had no effect on the clearance of Escherichia coli (E coli) from the blood, whereas intestinal transit was increased in lactobacilli-treated animals, suggesting that the beneficial effect of Lactobacillus R2LC is not related to an increase of phagocytic capacity but may rather be partly attributable to an enhanced intestinal motility. Conclusion. Enteral administration of Lactobacillus R2LC attenuates bacteremia and endotoxemia associated with intra-abdominal infection in rats.
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| 3. |
- Vagianos, Constantin, et al.
(författare)
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Control of traumatic liver hemorrhage in the cirrhotic rat by intraportal infusion of norepinephrine
- 1987
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Ingår i: Research in Experimental Medicine. - 0300-9130. ; 187:5, s. 339-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of intraportal infusion of norepinephrine (NE) on primary hemostasis in the cirrhotic rat was investigated at standardized liver trauma. Cirrhosis was induced by simultaneous administration of increasing amounts of carbontetrachloride (CCl4) and phenobarbitone. Infusion of norepinephrine took place after cannulation of the gastroduodenal vein. Intraportal infusion of NE resulted in a significant increase in arterial blood pressure and portal pressure in all animals. No difference was observed between cirrhotic and control rats. Cirrhotic animals bled longer and more profusely as compared with the controls. Infusion of NE resulted in significant decrease in bleeding time and blood loss. NE did not affect hematocrit, hemoglobin, platelet, or white cell count. Platelet aggregation was not influenced by the compound. In conclusion, intraportal infusion of NE proved effective in decreasing hemorrhage at liver trauma in cirrhotic rats.
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| 4. |
- Vagianos, Constantin, et al.
(författare)
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Increased uptake of 5-FU in experimental liver tumours by simultaneous infusion of norepinephrine
- 1987
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Ingår i: European journal of cancer & clinical oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-5379. ; 23:9, s. 1323-1327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of the simultaneous administration of norepinephrine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the uptake of radiolabelled 5-FU by liver tumours was studied in rats. Three different concentrations of 5-FU were used (15, 1.5 and 0.15 microgram/g body weight). The drugs were infused over a 30 min period via the hepatic artery, following cannulation of the gastroduodenal artery. The radioactivity in liver tumour, normal liver, lungs and intestines was estimated by liquid scintillation counting. At all concentrations tested, an increased uptake of radioactive 5-FU was found in the tumour when norepinephrine was infused. Tumour/liver ratios also increased significantly in all these cases. No significant differences were noted between norepinephrine infused and control animals in the radioactivity in normal liver, lungs and intestines. The effects noted were possibly due to changes in blood flow within the liver, but the possibility of a direct effect of norepinephrine on DNA metabolism is discussed.
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