| 1. |
- Liu, Q, et al.
(författare)
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Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v reduces side-effects of external radiation on colon anastomotic healing in an experimental model
- 2001
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Ingår i: Colorectal Disease. - : Wiley. - 1462-8910 .- 1463-1318. ; 3:4, s. 245-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Preoperative radiotherapy of patients with rectal carcinoma is frequently used to reduce the incidence of local recurrence. However, the radiation therapy is associated with several complications, including diarrhea, retarded anastomotic healing and mucosal atrophy. Exogenous administration of lactobacilli has been demonstrated to be effective in stimulating intestinal mucosal growth and reduce mucosal inflammation. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v administration on external radiation injury in colon anastomotic healing at different time points. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with Lb. plantarum 299v or saline as control and received external radiation of the lower abdomen (10 Gy/day) on day 3 and 7 of the experiment. After 4 days, a colonic resection with anastomosis was performed. Animals were sacrificed on 4th, 7th and 11th day postoperatively. Body weight, white blood cell (WBC) count, mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, hydroxyproline, nucleotide, DNA and RNA content, colonic bacterial microflora, bacterial translocation and histology were evaluated. RESULTS: On the 4th postoperative day body weight, WBC and MPO decreased significantly after radiation. On the 7th postoperative day MPO decreased after radiation. In the two irradiated groups it decreased significantly in the Lb. plantarum group compared to the radiated group without treatment. Collagen concentration on the 7th postoperative day was significantly higher in Lb. plantarum group without radiation compared to the group with radiation without Lb. plantarum. On the 11th postoperative day MPO was significantly higher in irradiated rats without treatment compared to Lb. plantarum treatment. The collagen concentration increased significantly in the irradiated Lb. plantarum group compared to the other two groups. CONCLUSION: The collagen content decreased and MPO activity increased significantly of the colonic anastomosis in irradiated rats without treatment compared to those treated with Lb. plantarum. It therefore seems that administration of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v reduces the intestinal injury and inflammation following external radiation and improves the colonic anastomotic healing.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Mangell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus plantarum 299v inhibits Escherichia coli-induced intestinal permeability.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. - 1573-2568. ; 47:3, s. 511-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this work was to investigate whether a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v, could affect Escherichia coli-induced passage of mannitol across the intestinal wall. Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated for one week by either tube feeding with L. plantarum 299v twice daily, free access to L. plantarum 299v by adding the bacterium in the drinking water, or negative control receiving regular feeding. Intestinal segments were mounted in Ussing chambers and the mucosa was exposed to control medium, E. coli, and L. plantarum 299v (alone or together). [14C]Mannitol was added as a marker of intestinal permeability and samples were taken from the serosal side. E. coli exposure induced a 53% increase in mannitol passage across the intestinal wall (P < 0.05). One week of pretreatment with L. plantarum 299v in the drinking water abolished the E. coli-induced increase in permeability. Tube feeding for one week or short-term addition of L. plantarum 299v in the Ussing chambers had no effect on the permeability provoked by E. coli challenge. Notably, L. plantanum 299v itself did not change the intestinal passage of mannitol. These data demonstrate that pretreatment with L. plantarum 299v, which is a probiotic bacterium, protects against E. coli-induced increase in intestinal permeability, and that L. plantarum 299v alone has no influence on the intestinal permeability. Thus, this study supports the concept that probiotics may exert beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract.
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| 4. |
- Pettersson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Phylogenetic evidence for novel and genetically different intestinal spirochetes resembling Brachyspira aalborgi in the mucosa of the human colon as revealed by 165 rDNA analysis
- 2000
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Ingår i: Systematic and Applied Microbiology. - 0723-2020 .- 1618-0984. ; 23:3, s. 355-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- intestinal spirochetes (Brachyspira spp.) are causative agents of intestinal disorders in animals and humans. Phylogenetic analysis of cloned 16S rRNA genes from biopsies of the intestinal mucosa of the colon from two Swedish 60-years old adults without clinical symptoms revealed the presence of intestinal spirochetes. Seventeen clones from two individuals and 11 reference strains were analyzed and the intestinal spirochetes could be divided into two lineages, the Brachyspira aalborgi and the Brachyspira hyodysenteriae lineages. All of the clones grouped in the B. aalborgi lineage. Moreover, the B. aalborgi lineage could be divided into three distinct phylogenetic clusters as confirmed by bootstrap and signature nucleotide analysis. The first cluster comprised 6 clones and the type strain B. aalborgi NCTC 11492(T). The cluster 1 showed a 16S rRNA gene similarity of 99.4-99.9%. This cluster also harbored che only other strain of B. aalborgi isolated so far, namely strain W1, which was subjected to phylogenetic analysis in this work. The second cluster harbored 9 clones with a 98.7 to 99.5% range of 16S rDNA similarity ro the B. aalborgi cluster 1. Two clones branched distinct and early of the B. aalborgi, line forming the third cluster and was found to be 98.7% similar to cluster 1 and 98.3-99.1% to cluster 2. Interestingly, this shows that considerable variation of intestinal spirochetes can be found as constituents of the colonic microbiota in humans, genetically resembling B. aalborgi. The presented data aid significantly to the diagnostic and taxonomic work on these organisms.
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| 5. |
- Wang, Mei, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of bacterial diversity along the human intestinal tract by direct cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes
- 2005
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1574-6941 .- 0168-6496. ; 54:2, s. 219-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterial diversity of the mucosal biopsies from human jejunum, distal ileum, ascending colon and rectum were compared by analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA clone libraries. A total of 347 clones from the mucosal biopsies were partially sequenced and assigned to six phylogenctic phyla of the domain Bacteria: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria. The jejunum sample had least microbial diversity compared to the other samples and a trend towards highest diversity in ascending colon was observed. The clone libraries of distal ileum, ascending colon and rectum were not significantly different from each other (P > 0.0043), but they differed significantly from the jejunum library (P = 0.001). The population of sequences retrieved from jejunal biopsies was dominated by sequences closely related to Streptococcus (67%), while the population of sequences derived from distal ileum, ascending colon and rectum were dominated by sequences affiliated with Bacteroidetes (27-49%), and Clostridium clusters XlVa (20-34%) and IV (7-13%). The results indicate that the microbial community in jejunum is different from those in distal ileum, ascending colon and rectum, and that the major phylogenetic groups are similar from distal ileum to rectum. (C) 2005 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Wang, Mei, et al.
(författare)
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High Proportions of Proinflammatory Bacteria on the Colonic Mucosa in a Young Patient with Ulcerative Colitis as Revealed by Cloning and Sequencing of 16S rRNA Genes.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2568 .- 0163-2116. ; 52, s. 620-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unknown. It is thought to be due to an abnormal and uncontrolled immune response to normally occurring constituents of the intestine. Microbial agents appear to be involved in the pathogenesis and intestinal bacteria seem to be an important factor in the development and chronicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the colonic microbiota of a patient with UC. The colonic tissues were taken during surgery from a 12-year-old girl suffering from UC. The microbiota on the colonic samples was studied by cloning and sequencing of amplified 16S rRNA genes. Compared with healthy subjects, alteration of the dominant bacterial group was observed in the UC patient. We found a high incidence of Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroides fragilis, and the single phylotype of the Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-like "Butyrate-producing bacterium" L2-6. Furthermore, there was a substantial presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the present case of UC. The high proportion of adverse proinflammatory species is striking in the present case compared with more normal situations. Even if those bacteria are not the cause of the UC, they most probably enhance the symptoms of the disease.
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| 7. |
- Wang, Mei, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of the translocating bacteria in rats with acute liver injury and their relation to the bacterial flora of the intestinal mucosa
- 2001
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Ingår i: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0463. ; 109:7-8, s. 551-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bacterial flora of the intestine and the bacteria found in liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, portal and arterial blood after D-galactosamine-induced liver injury, with and without pretreatment with Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843, were studied in the rat. Dominating representatives were identified to species level by 16S rDNA sequencing and typed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) for strain definition. It was proven that bacterial strains from the intestine occur at extraintestinal sites after liver injury. Lactobacillus spp. dominated the intestinal flora and were also the most frequently found genus in the liver and the mesenteric lymph nodes. Some of the blood isolates, identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Bacteroides merdae, were not found as a dominating part of the mucosal flora. Treatment with L. plantarum before liver injury decreased translocation and made the intestinal flora increasingly dominated by lactobacilli.
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